null
US
Sign In
Sign Up for Free
Sign Up
We have detected that Javascript is not enabled in your browser. The dynamic nature of our site means that Javascript must be enabled to function properly. Please read our
terms and conditions
for more information.
Next up
Copy and Edit
You need to log in to complete this action!
Register for Free
57303
Topic 5: Organic Chemistry
Description
Chemistry Mind Map on Topic 5: Organic Chemistry, created by Alice Clayden on 25/04/2013.
No tags specified
chemistry
chemistry
Mind Map by
Alice Clayden
, updated more than 1 year ago
More
Less
Created by
Alice Clayden
over 11 years ago
93
2
0
Resource summary
Topic 5: Organic Chemistry
Homologous series:alkanes/ alkenes- The physical properties gradually change as the carbon chains get longer e.g. alkane's boiling points get higher
Alcohols: organic compounds. They all contain the group of atoms -OH (hydroxl) this is the functional group
Properties: alcohols that have small molecules e.g. methanol, ethanol and propanol have characteristic odours
They react with oxygen to form carboxylic acids, they react with carboxylic acids to form esters and water.
Ethanol + Oxygen > Ethanoic acid (vinegar) + water
Ethanol + Ethanoic acid > Ehtyl Ethanoate + water
methonoic acid + propanol > pehtyl methanoate + water
red wine vinegar
effect of alcoholic drinks (ethanol)- defiency in vitamin B, decreased iron levels, liver damage, destruction of brain cells, risk of cancer etc..
uses: making esters- sweet smelling fragrances, emulsifiers, emollients, thickeners, solvents
Carboxylic acids are another homologous series, they all have the functional group - COOH (carboxyl)
Methanoic acid, Ethanoic acid, Propanoic acid
Properties: as the carbon atom chains get longer the acid changes from a colourless liquid to a waxy solid
the odour becomes less pungent, the solubility in water decreases/ becomes more imiscible
uses: solvents, medicine, food items e.g. vinegar (flavouring and preservative), soaps and detergents
Ethanol by fermentation: any substance that contains glucose can be fermented. To do this the sugar is mixed with yeast in the absence of air
Glucose + enzyme in yeast > ethanol + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 (aq) > C2H5OH (aq) + CO2 (g)
Advantages- renewable sources are used (sugar), cheap labour is available, little energy used- temperature is 30-40' C
Disadvantages- land is needed to grow crops, CO2 is produced, batch production - alot of labour needed, slow reaction, low concentration of ethanol
Ethanol by hydration of Ethene : Ethene + water (as steam) < phosphoric acid>> Ethanol
C2H4 + H2O >>> C2H5OH
Advantages- continuous system, fewer workers needed, fast process, pure ethanol is produced
Disadvantages- uses non-renewable resources (crude oil), uses high amounts of energy- temperature is 300' C
Show full summary
Hide full summary
Want to create your own
Mind Maps
for
free
with GoConqr?
Learn more
.
Similar
Electrolysis
lisawinkler10
Acids and Bases
silviaod119
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
silviaod119
AS Chemistry - Enthalpy Changes
Sarah H-V
The Periodic Table
asramanathan
Ionic Bondic Flashcards.
anjumn10
Chemical Symbols
Keera
Organic Chemistry
Ella Wolf
Acids, Bases and Salts
asramanathan
Acids and Bases
Sarah Egan
Using GoConqr to study science
Sarah Egan
Browse Library