6067783
Description
Mind Map by Emma Allde, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emma Allde
about 8 years ago
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Th2L01 Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic genes
- Eukaryotic genes
- Exons
- Genome expressed sequence of DNA Genome
expressed sequence of DNA
- Codes for a protein
- About 1.5% of DNA
- Found in mature mRNA
- Genome expressed sequence of DNA Genome
expressed sequence of DNA
- Introns
- Non-coding
- Interrupt mRNA
- 23% of DNA
- Not found in mRNA
- Non-coding
- Non-coding DNA
- Untranscribed regions
near genes
- ca. 2% of non-coding regions of DNA
- Areas flanking genes, esp. at the 5' end are important regulatory
elements that control the production of mRNA
- ca. 2% of non-coding regions of DNA
- Repetitive DNA
- Nucleotide sequences, usually noncoding,
that are present in many copies in a
eukaryotic genome
- The repeated units may be short
and arranged tandemly (in series)
or long and dispersed in the genome
- about 50% of DNA
- Main types
- Retrotransposable elements
- Characteristics
- moderately repetitive
- thought to move to randomly selected new locations
- method of movement unknown in human genome
- method of movement unknown in human genome
- classified according to origin
- LINES
- Viral retrotransposable elements
- Long Interspersed Elements
- appears to contains its own
reverse transcriptase
- Viral retrotransposable elements
- SINES
- Non-viral
retrotransposable
elements
- Short Interspersed Elements
- Non-viral
retrotransposable
elements
- LINES
- moderately repetitive
- Characteristics
- Satellite DNA
- short sequences of DNA that are tandemly repeated
as many as 10 million times in the DNA
- much of it is located in the telomeres
- 8% of entire genome
- Role
- structural properties of DNA
- structural properties of DNA
- Clinical sig.
- Provides genetic fingerprint □
Used in paternity testing and
forensic science
- Provides genetic fingerprint □
Used in paternity testing and
forensic science
- short sequences of DNA that are tandemly repeated
as many as 10 million times in the DNA
- Retrotransposable elements
- Nucleotide sequences, usually noncoding,
that are present in many copies in a
eukaryotic genome
- Uncharacterised/junk DNA
- about 25% of DNA
- about 25% of DNA
- Untranscribed regions
near genes
- Exons
- Prokaryotic genes
- Promoter - coding sequence (5' to 3')
- Transcriptor terminator
- Transcribed into mRNA
- mRNA translated by ribosomes to give a polypeptide
- mRNA translated by ribosomes to give a polypeptide
- Promoter - coding sequence (5' to 3')
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