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Class Differences in achievement: External Factors
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Mind Map on Class Differences in achievement: External Factors, created by jess.dyer on 09/03/2014.
Mind Map by
jess.dyer
, updated more than 1 year ago
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jess.dyer
over 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Class Differences in achievement: External Factors
External Factors: outside education: influence of the home, family background and wider society
Cultural Deprivation
Intellectual development
Attitudes and values
Working class pupils place less value on education
Less encouragement for WC
Leon Fernstein
Parents' lack of interest main reason for under-achievement
Herbert Hyman- values and beliefs of lower class subculture are a 'self imposed barrier'
Barry Sugarman
Four key features that act as a barrier to education achievement
Fatalism
believing in fate
Collectivism
valuing being part of a group
Immediate gratification
immediate pleasure over future pleasure
Present-time orientation
present more important than future
Language
Basil Bernstein
Two types of speech code
Elaboratated Code
Restricted code
Middle class have advantage
Compensatory Education
Designed to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation
Operation Head Start, USA
Pre-school education in poorer areas
Sesame Street
Education Action Zones
Educational Priority Areas
Sure Start
The myth of cultural deprivation
Nell Keddie
"victim-blaming situation"
Fail because they are put at a disadvantage
Barry Troyna and Jenny Wiilliams
School's attitude towards language
Tessa Blackstone and Jo Mortimore
parents work longer hours= less parents evenings
Material Deprivation
Poverty and lack of material necessities.
Housing
Overcrowding
Lack of development, not enough space for play
May move a lot
Changes in school, disrupted education
Health effects
Diet and Health
Marilyn Howard
Young people from poorer homes have a lower intake of energy, vitamins and minerals
Affects health
Richard Wilkinson
Lower the social class the higher the rate of hyperactivity, anxiety and conduct disorders
Financial support & costs of education
Have to cope without equipment
Hand-me-downs
Emily Tanner
Education prices= heavy burden on families
Have to take on jobs
Negative impact on schoolwork
Cultural Capital
Knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities of the middle class
Middle class pupils have an advantage
WC pupils feel their culture is devalued as inferior.
Education isn't for them
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