Solid: fixed shape and volume.
Particles packed together tightly
in a fixed pattern, strong forces
holding them together, they can
only vibrate
Liquid: fixed volume, takes
shape of container, flows.
Particles can move and slide
past each other, with weaker
forces of attraction.
Gas: no definite volume or shape,
spreads out to fill container. Lighter
than same volume of liquid or solid.
Particles are far apart, with almost
no forces of attraction, and collide
and bounce off in all directions
Flat line on a heating curve
shows a change of state
Diffusion: gas particles mix by
colliding randomly with
each other and bouncing
off in all directions
Mass of particles and temperature
affect rate of diffusion
The higher the temperature, the
more energy the particles have,
the faster they move and diffuse
The lighter the particles,
the easier they will move,
the faster they will diffuse
Pressure: the force which gases exert on the sides of their container
Space in container
and temperature
affect pressure
The higher the temperature,
the more energy the
particles have and the more
they move, colliding more
frequently and forcefully with
the sides of their container
If a gas is compressed,
the particles have less
space to move and are in
a smaller space, so they
collide with the container
and each other more often