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Digestive System

Description

EXAM 4 Mind Map on Digestive System, created by Susy Sanchez on 02/05/2013.
Susy Sanchez
Mind Map by Susy Sanchez, updated more than 1 year ago
Susy Sanchez
Created by Susy Sanchez over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Digestive System
  1. Functions
    1. Ingestion
      1. Digestion
        1. Breakdown of food
          1. Secretion
            1. Exocrine
              1. Do not enter blood
              2. Endocrine
                1. enters blood
                2. Motility
                  1. Segmentation
                    1. Mixing
                    2. Peristalsis
                      1. Wave movement
                3. Absorption
                  1. Transport into circulation
                  2. Storage and elimination
                    1. Processes and digest food
                  3. Organization
                    1. Two components
                      1. Digestive tract
                        1. Stomach
                          1. Intestines
                          2. Accessory Organs
                            1. Liver
                              1. Pancreas
                                1. Gallbladder
                                  1. Salivary glands
                              2. Oral Cavity
                                1. Tongue, teeth and salivary glands
                                  1. Mastication
                                    1. Mixes food with saliva
                                    2. Saliva
                                      1. Chemical digestion (amylase) lubrication ,antibacterial
                                      2. Deglutition
                                        1. Swallowing
                                          1. Medulla Oblongata
                                            1. Coordinates process
                                          2. Buccal Phase
                                            1. Bolus formation and movement
                                            2. Pharyngeal Phase
                                              1. Movement of uvula to close off nasopharynx
                                                1. Elevation of epiglottis
                                                  1. Reflection of glottis
                                                    1. Closure of glottis
                                                    2. Esophageal phase
                                                      1. Opening of upper esophageal sphincter
                                                        1. Peristalsis
                                                        2. Opening of lower esophageal sphincter
                                                    3. Esophagus
                                                      1. Connects pharynx to stomach
                                                        1. Muscular Externa
                                                          1. Upper 3rd
                                                            1. Skeletal muscle
                                                              1. Middle 3rd
                                                                1. Muscles of skeletal & smooth
                                                                  1. Terminal portion
                                                                    1. Smooth
                                                              2. Passes through diaphragm via esophageal hiatus
                                                                1. Sphincter: UES and LES
                                                                2. Peristalsis
                                                                  1. Propels food thru GI tract
                                                                    1. GERD
                                                                  2. Stomach
                                                                    1. Most distensible part of the GI tract
                                                                      1. Empties into intestines
                                                                      2. Function
                                                                        1. Food storage
                                                                          1. Absorption of NSAIDS and alcohol
                                                                            1. Protein digestion
                                                                              1. Bacteriostatic
                                                                                1. Moves food (chyme) into intestines
                                                                                2. Regions
                                                                                  1. Cardia
                                                                                    1. Fundus
                                                                                      1. Body
                                                                                        1. Pylorus
                                                                                        2. Organization of stomach Mucosa
                                                                                          1. Gastric pits
                                                                                            1. Gastric glands 4 types
                                                                                              1. Exocrine Function
                                                                                                1. Mucus cells
                                                                                                  1. Chief cells
                                                                                                    1. Manufacture inactive pepsinogen
                                                                                                    2. Parietal cells
                                                                                                      1. produce HCL and Inssintrcit factor
                                                                                                        1. Activate Pepsinogen
                                                                                                          1. Denature protein ,exposing peptide bonds
                                                                                                        2. Endocrine Function
                                                                                                          1. Somatostatin
                                                                                                            1. Inhibits gastric function
                                                                                                            2. Gastrin
                                                                                                              1. Stimulates production of HCL acid production
                                                                                                              2. Ghrelin
                                                                                                                1. Hormone that stimulates appetite
                                                                                                                2. Histamine
                                                                                                                  1. Stimulates acid production
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