729541
Description
Mind Map by p.christmas-12, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by p.christmas-12
over 10 years ago
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Framed Structures- General
- What is it?
- Skeleton structure
- Envelope responsible for aesthetics
- Building frame-
Collumns/ horizontal
beams
- Shed frame-
Collunms and
roof trusses
- Portal (rigid)- Columns and
horizontal/ pitched beams with rigid
connection
- Building type
- Residental (house/ apartment block)
- Commercial (office)
- Industrial (warehouse/ factory/ hangar)
- Hospital
- Retail ( Shopping mall)
- Leisure (theatre/ Stadium)
- Residental (house/ apartment block)
- Structural form
- Open plan (beam and collumn)
- Cellular (Cross wals/ box construction)
- Open plan (beam and collumn)
- Skeleton structure
- Advantages
- Prefabrication (offsite
quality advantages)
- Multi storey
construction works
- Flexible plan (more
floor space)
- Saving floor space
(slimmer walls)
- Speed of
Construction
- Reduction in
dead weight
- Standardisation
(collumns, beams, fixings
etc)
- Prefabrication (offsite
quality advantages)
- Framed construction materials
- Material requirements
- Dead to live load ratio
- Strength to weight ratio
- Depth to span ratio
- Strong, Stiff, Light
- Dead to live load ratio
- Factors affecting choice of material
- Size and nature of
the sight
- Standardised
structural members
- Speed of erection
- Costs
- Availability of labor
and materials
- Fire resistance
- Technical constraints
- Size and nature of
the sight
- Material choice for Framed
construction
- Timber
- Iron
- Cast (brittle)
- Wrought (malleable)
- Cast (brittle)
- Steel
- Concrete
- In -situ reinforced
- Precast
- Pre-stressed (pre and
post tension)
- In -situ reinforced
- Timber
- Fire resistance (full evacuation possible, control of fire)
- Strength and stability (of materials,
techniques, joints etc)
- Material requirements
- History of Framed Buildings
- 1905- Rules for
standard fire resisting
- Empire State Building, NYC,
1931, 448m (steel frame
- Blackpool tower 1894 (steel)
- Flatiron building, NYC, 1902,
87m (steel frame)
- Liver building, Liverpool, 1908
(Reinforced concrete)
- Monadnock building, Chicago,
1891 (skyscraper, load bearing
masonry)
- St Pancreas Station
1868 (wrought iron)
- Crystal Palace, Hyde Park 1851
( Cast iron/ Wrought iron)
- Eiffel Tower, 1887
(Wrought Iron)
- Burj Dubai, UAE, 2009,
818m (concrete to 600m,
steel to the top)
- Ritz and Savoy hotel, early
1900's (first steel framed
buildings)
- 1905- Rules for
standard fire resisting
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