Fatimah's soft bones

psychological problems of elderly
1. Depression
2. Anxiety
3. Substance abuse
4. Alzheimer
5. Paraphrenia
6. Chronic schizophrenia
sedentary lifestyle
1. no or irregular physical activity
2. known as couch potatoes.
3. risk factors
  1. disk herniation
  2. CVD
  3. anxiety
  4. obesity
  5. migranes
  6. breast cancer
  7. colon cancer
  8. depression
generalized bone pain
1. possible dianosis
  1. Osteoporosis
  2. bone tumor
  3. bone infection
  4. leukemia
  5. hypercalcemia
  6. rickets
  7. hyperparathyroidism
  8. pagets disease
  9. osteomalacia
osteoporosis
1. risk factors
  1. Age
  2. gender
  3. bone structure & body weight
  4. history of fractures
  5. rheumatoid arthritis
  6. steroids
  7. smoking
  8. alcohol
2. pathophysiology
  1. age related changes in bone remodelling
  2. increase in osteoclastic activity
  3. decrease in osteoblastic activity
  4. calcium defeciency
  5. estrogen deficiency
  6. vit D deficiency
  7. drugs
3. symptoms
  1. pain
  2. immobility
  3. depression
  4. low self esteem
4. signs
  1. shortened stature
  2. kyphosis/lordosis
  3. bone pain
  4. fracture
5. diagnosis
  1. Bone mineral density test (BMD)
  2. X-rays
  3. CT scans
  4. MRI
  5. medical history
  6. physical examination
  7. lab tests
6. management
  1. lifestyle changes
  2. intake of calcium & vit D
  3. medications
  4. estrogen replacement therapy
anatomy of the hip
fractures
1. risk factors of fragility fractures
  1. age
  2. gender
  3. low BMD
  4. history of fracture
  5. low BMI
  6. hormones
2. risk factors of pelvic neck fracture
  1. high speed accidents
  2. fall from great hieghts
  3. high impact athletic activities
3. management of hip fractures
  1. nonsurgical treatment
  2. surgical treatment

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Fatimah's soft bones

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	Created by rama ibrahim almost 8 years ago