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841905
P2.3 Work, Energy and Momentum
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GCSE Physics (P2) Mind Map on P2.3 Work, Energy and Momentum, created by mhancoc3 on 07/05/2014.
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p2
gcse
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mhancoc3
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mhancoc3
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Resource summary
P2.3 Work, Energy and Momentum
Energy and Work
Working out
When an object is moved by a force, work is done
Energy transferred = work done
work done (J) = Force (N) X Distance moved (m)
Friction
work done to overcome friction is transferred into energy by heating
Gravitational Potential Energy
energy stored in an object because of its position in the field
change in gravitational energy (J) = mass (kg) X gravitational strength (N/kg) X change of height (m)
Power (W) = Energy (J) / Time (s)
Kinetic energy
Depends on mass and speed
Kinetic energy (J) = 0.5 X Mass (kg) X Speed (s) ^2
Kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS) in vehicles store energy for later
Elastic potential energy
Can be transferred to kinetic energy
energy stored in elastic when force is exerted to deform it
Momentum
momentum of a moving object = mass X velocity
Law of conservation of momentum states in a closed system momentum before and after an event will be equal
Momentum is conserved in any collision
Explosions
mass of A X velocity of a = - (mass of B X Velocity of B)
This is why guns have recoil
Impact forces
Crumple zones are at both ends of the car (at the front to reduce momentum and at the back to increase)
The longer the impact time, the less impact force
When things collide, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other
Car Safety
Seat belts and air bags increase SA and increase impact time
Crumple zones increase impact time
We can use conservation of momentum to find the speed of the car before impact
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