Supervisors directly responsible for work on non-managerial employees
Middle
managers who direct and co-ordinate efforts of first-line supervisors
Top
managers responsible for total organisation and make decisions on long-term direction of organisation
Essential Management Skills
Human
ability to work with, understand and motivate other people
Technical
ability to apply specialised knowledge or expertise
Conceptual
mental ability to analyse complex situations as well as to co-ordinate and integrate the organisation's interest and actvities
Types of Behavioural Disciplines
Psychology
science that seek to measure, explain and change behaviour of humans
Sociology
study of people in relation to their social environment or culture
Social Psychology
focuses on influence of people on one another
Anthropology
study of societies to help understand fundamental values, attitudes and behaviour between people in different countries and within different organisations
Insights to Critical Issues
Responding to globalisation
organisations no longer constrained by national borders
Managing Workforce Diversity
addresses differences among people, and acknowledges workforce of men and women, different racial groups, individual with varieties of physical and psychological abilities, and people of different age
Improving customer service
management to create customer-responsive culture (OB provide guidance)
Improving people skills
OB helps to explain and predict behaviours of people at work
Working in networked organisations
allow people to communicate and work from long distances (OB provides valuable insights)
Levels of Independent Variables
Individual
characteristics of an individual which influences their work behaviour that the organisation are unable to alter them
Group
behaviour of people in groups is more than the sum total of all individuals acting their own way
(group gesture, intra-group and intergroup dispute and attachment)
Organisational
behaviour of people in organisations is more than the sum of their member groups (when groups are combined together)