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WBC disorder

Complications
1. Infections
2. Secondary cancers
3. Anemia
4. Bleeding disorders
Treatment
1. Chemotherapy
  1. Terosine kinase inhibitors
    1. first generation
      1. Imatinib
    2. Second generation
  2. Other
    1. Methotrexate
    2. Folic acid
    3. Antimetabolite
2. Bone marrow transplant
  1. HLA typing
  2. GvH reaction
Investigation
1. History taking
  1. Ask for
    1. Fatigue, fever, weight loss, discoloration
2. Blood test
  1. CBC
  2. LAP
  3. Blood film
3. Other(genetic)
  1. FISH
  2. To see the morphology of chromosome
    1. Karyotype
Sign and symptom
1. Vast disorders
  1. Fever
  2. Chills
  3. Fatigue
  4. Tenderness and pain
  5. Easy bleeding
2. Specific
  1. ALL
    1. BM suppression
  2. AML
    1. Chloroma
    2. Gingivitis
  3. CLL
    1. Lymphadenopathy
  4. CML
    1. Huge splenomegaly
Hematopoiesis
Causes
1. Leukemia
  1. Translocation
  2. Inhibitor of apoptosis
  3. Mutation in Terosine kinase proncogene
2. Leukocytosis
  1. Infection
  2. Allergy
  3. irritants
3. Leukopenia
  1. HIV
  2. Autoimmune
  3. Chemo
Pathophysiology
1. Leukopenia
  1. Neutropenia
    1. Decreased granulocyte production
      1. Will increase risk of bacterial infection
    2. Increased gran. desctruction
  2. Lymphopenia
    1. Not common
      1. Leads to Viral infection
2. Leukocytosis
  1. Reactive leukocytosis
    1. Neutrophil
      1. Bacteria
    2. Eosinophil
      1. Allergy
    3. Basophil
      1. Rare
    4. Monocyte
      1. Chronic infection
  2. Leukomoid reaction
    1. Mimics leukemia
    2. increased LAP
3. Leukemia
  1. Lymphoid
    1. Chronic
      1. Most common leukemia
      2. B-cel hyperproliferation
      3. 50+ years
    2. Acute
      1. <15 years
      2. Tdt +ve
      3. Lymph adenopathy
      4. Clumped chromatin
  2. Myeloid
    1. Chronic
      1. 25-60 years
      2. Extramedullary hematopoeisis
      3. indolent
    2. Acute
      1. Immature blast cells
      2. PAN cytopenia
      3. Lacy chromatin

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WBC disorder

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	Created by Abdulla Nidal about 7 years ago