States of Matter

States and Properties of Matter

1. Matter - anything that has mass and takes up space Four states of matter: Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Viscosity - a fluid's resistance to flow Vapor - a substance that exists as a gas (when it should normally be a liquid or solid) 2. Changes of State Energy - Kinetic - energy an object has due to motion - Thermal - total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance Difference between temperature, thermal energy and heat - temperature - average kinetic energy of particles in a substance - thermal energy - total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance - heat - movement of thermal energy What causes changes? - dding or taking away thermal energy Types of changes - vaporization - change from liquid to gas, boiling point - solid - change from liquid to solid - condensation - change from liquid to solid - melting - change from solid to liquid - sublimation - liquid to gas 3. Behavior of Fluids Fluids - be able to flow - no definite shape Laws of Gasses  - Boyle's Law: increased pressure, decreased volume; decreased pressure, increased volume. Changing one variable causes the other to change in the other direction. (Inverse relationship) - Charles' Law: temperature decreases, volume decreases; temperature increases, volume increases. Both variables change in the same direction. (direct relationship)