Kathleen Jackson
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End of Trimester 2, 2017 Quiz

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Kathleen Jackson
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1807NRS Safe Administration of Medications 1

Question 1 of 40

1

Pharmacokinetics is:

Select one of the following:

  • The study of biological and therapeutic effects of drugs

  • The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs

  • The study of mechanisms of drug action

  • The study of methods of new drug development

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

1

What does “pharmacokinetics” include?

Select one of the following:

  • Complications of drug therapy

  • Drug biotransformation in the organism

  • Influence of drugs on metabolism processes

  • Influence of drugs on genes

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

1

What does “pharmacokinetics” include?

Select one of the following:

  • Pharmacological effects of drugs

  • Unwanted effects of drugs

  • Chemical structure of a medicinal agent

  • Distribution of drugs in the organism

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

1

The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is:

Select one of the following:

  • Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion)

  • Filtration (aqueous diffusion)

  • Endocytosis and exocytosis

  • Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

1

What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?

Select one of the following:

  • Lipid-soluble

  • Non-ionized substances

  • Hydrophobic substances

  • Hydrophilic substances

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

1

A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property:

Select one of the following:

  • Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids

  • Penetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis

  • Easy permeation through the blood-brain barrier

  • High reabsorption in renal tubules

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

1

What is implied by «active transport»?

Select one of the following:

  • Transport of drugs trough a membrane by means of diffusion

  • Transport without energy consumption

  • Engulf of drug by a cell membrane with a new vesicle formation

  • Transport against concentration gradient

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

1

What does the term “bioavailability” mean?

Select one of the following:

  • Plasma protein binding degree of substance

  • Permeability through the brain-blood barrier

  • Fraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration

  • Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

1

The reasons determining bioavailability are:

Select one of the following:

  • Rheological parameters of blood

  • Amount of a substance obtained orally and quantity of intakes

  • Extent of absorption and hepatic first-pass effect

  • Glomerular filtration rate

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

1

Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimised:

Select one of the following:

  • Oral

  • Transdermal

  • Rectal

  • Intraduodenal

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

1

Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect?

Select one of the following:

  • Sublingual

  • Oral

  • Intravenous

  • Intramuscular

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

1

What is characteristic of the oral route?

Select one of the following:

  • Fast onset of effect

  • Absorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function

  • A drug reaches the blood passing the liver

  • The sterilisation of medicinal forms is obligatory

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

1

Tick the feature of the sublingual route:

Select one or more of the following:

  • A drug has a pretty fast absorption

  • A drug is exposed to gastric secretion

  • A drug is exposed more prominent liver metabolism

  • A drug can be administrated in a variety of doses

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

1

Pick out the parenteral route of medicinal agent administration:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Rectal

  • Oral

  • Sublingual

  • Inhalation

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

1

Parenteral administration:

Select one of the following:

  • Cannot be used with unconsciousness patients

  • Generally results in a less accurate dosage than oral administration

  • Usually produces a more rapid response than oral administration

  • Is too slow for emergency use

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

1

What is characteristic of the intramuscular route of drug administration?

Select one of the following:

  • Only water solutions can be injected

  • Oily solutions can be injected

  • Opportunity of hypertonic solution injections

  • The action develops slower, than at oral administration

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

1

Intravenous injections are more suitable for oily solutions:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

1

Correct statements listing characteristics of a particular route of drug administration include all of the following EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • Intravenous administration provides a rapid response

  • Intramuscular administration requires a sterile technique

  • Inhalation provides slow access to the general circulation

  • Subcutaneous administration may cause local irritation

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

1

Most of drugs are distributed homogeneously.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

1

Biological barriers include all except:

Select one of the following:

  • Renal tubules

  • Cell membranes

  • Capillary walls

  • Placenta

Explanation

Question 21 of 40

1

What is the reason of complicated penetration of some drugs through brain-blood barrier?

Select one of the following:

  • High lipid solubility of a drug

  • Meningitis

  • Absence of pores in the brain capillary endothelium

  • High endocytosis degree in a brain capillary

Explanation

Question 22 of 40

1

The volume of distribution (Vd) relates:

Select one of the following:

  • Single to a daily dose of an administrated drug

  • An administrated dose to a body weight

  • An uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation

  • The amount of a drug in the body to the concentration of a drug in plasma

Explanation

Question 23 of 40

1

For the calculation of the volume of distribution (Vd) one must take into account:

Select one of the following:

  • Concentration of a substance in plasma

  • Concentration of substance in urine

  • Therapeutical width of drug action

  • A daily dose of drug

Explanation

Question 24 of 40

1

A small amount of the volume of distribution is common for lipophylic substances easy penetrating through barriers and widely distributing in plasma, interstitial and cell fluids:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 40

1

The term “biotransformation” includes the following:

Select one of the following:

  • Accumulation of substances in a fat tissue

  • Binding of substances with plasma proteins

  • Accumulation of substances in a tissue

  • Process of physicochemical and biochemical alteration of a drug in the body

Explanation

Question 26 of 40

1

Biotransformation of the drugs is to render them:

Select one of the following:

  • Less ionized

  • More pharmacologically active

  • More lipid soluble

  • Less lipid soluble

Explanation

Question 27 of 40

1

Tick the drug type for which microsomal oxidation is the most prominent:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Lipid soluble

  • Water soluble

  • Low molecular weight

  • High molecular weight

Explanation

Question 28 of 40

1

Pick out the right statement:

Select one of the following:

  • Microsomal oxidation always results in inactivation of a compound

  • Microsomal oxidation results in a decrease of compound toxicity

  • Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of ionization and water solubility of a drug

  • Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of lipid solubility of a drug thus its excretion from the organism is facilitated

Explanation

Question 29 of 40

1

Stimulation of liver microsomal enzymes can:

Select one of the following:

  • Require the dose increase of some drugs

  • Require the dose decrease of some drugs

  • Prolong the duration of the action of a drug

  • Intensify the unwanted reaction of a drug

Explanation

Question 30 of 40

1

Metabolic transformation (phase 1) is:

Select one of the following:

  • Acetylation and methylation of substances

  • Transformation of substances due to oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis

  • Glucuronide formation

  • Binding to plasma proteins

Explanation

Question 31 of 40

1

Biotransformation of a medicinal substance results in:

Select one of the following:

  • Faster urinary excretion

  • Slower urinary excretion

  • Easier distribution in organism

  • Higher binding to membranes

Explanation

Question 32 of 40

1

Conjugation is:

Select one of the following:

  • Process of drug reduction by special enzymes

  • Process of drug oxidation by special oxidases

  • Coupling of a drug with an endogenous substrate

  • Solubilization in lipids

Explanation

Question 33 of 40

1

Which of the following processes proceeds in the second phase of biotransformation?

Select one of the following:

  • Acetylation

  • Reduction

  • Oxidation

  • Hydrolysis

Explanation

Question 34 of 40

1

Metabolic transformation and conjugation usually results in an increase of a substance biological activity:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 40

1

In case of liver disorders accompanied by a decline in microsomal enzyme activity the duration of action of some drugs is:

Select one of the following:

  • Decreased

  • Enlarged

  • Remained unchanged

  • Changed insignificantly

Explanation

Question 36 of 40

1

Half life (t ½) is the time required to:

Select one of the following:

  • Change the amount of a drug in plasma by half during elimination

  • Metabolize a half of an introduced drug into the active metabolite

  • Absorb a half of an introduced drug

  • Bind a half of an introduced drug to plasma proteins

Explanation

Question 37 of 40

1

Half life (t ½) doesn’t depend on:

Select one of the following:

  • Biotransformation

  • Time of drug absorption

  • Concentration of a drug in plasma

  • Rate of drug elimination

Explanation

Question 38 of 40

1

Elimination is expressed as follows:

Select one of the following:

  • Rate of renal tubular reabsorption

  • Clearance speed of some volume of blood from substance

  • Time required to decrease the amount of drug in plasma by one-half

  • Clearance of an organism from a xenobiotic

Explanation

Question 39 of 40

1

The most rapid eliminated drugs are those with high glomerular filtration rate and actively secreted but aren’t passively reabsorbed:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 40

1

Systemic clearance (CLs) is related with:

Select one of the following:

  • Only the concentration of substances in plasma

  • Only the elimination rate constant

  • Volume of distribution, half life and elimination rate constant

  • Bioavailability and half life

Explanation

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