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Physiology Quiz on Topic 25 Renal Function, created by Felicity B on 11/10/2017.

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Felicity B
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Topic 25 Renal Function

Question 1 of 23

1

Which of the following are functions of the kidneys

Select one of the following:

  • Excretion of wastes

  • Production of hormones

  • Regulation of pH

  • Regulation of blood pressure

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 23

1

Regarding blood supply to the kidneys, a portal system exists where

Select one of the following:

  • Blood flows from the efferent arteriole to the peritubular capillaries and then out to renal veins

  • Blood flows from the afferent arteriole to the glomerular capillaries and then into efferent arteriole

  • Blood flows from the vasa recta into renal veins

  • Blood flows from the renal tubules into renal pelvis

Explanation

Question 3 of 23

1

3 basic processes occur in the nephron of the kidney in order to produce urine. They are

Select one of the following:

  • Filtration, absorption and urination

  • Secretion, excretion and reabsorption

  • Fitration, excretion and secretion

  • Filtration, reabsorption and secretion

Explanation

Question 4 of 23

1

The majority of the reabsorption that occurs in the nephron takes place in the

Select one of the following:

  • Glomerular capsule

  • Proximal convoluted tubule

  • Loop of Henle

  • Distal convoluted tubule

Explanation

Question 5 of 23

1

Hormonal control of water and salt balance takes place at the

Select one of the following:

  • Glomerular capsule

  • Proximal convoluted tubule

  • Loop of Henle

  • Collecting duct

Explanation

Question 6 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE The amount of solute excreted in the urine is equal to the amount of solute that is secreted from the peritubular capillaries into the lumen of the renal tubules

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 23

1

When referring to renal function, what is meant by the term filtrate?

Select one of the following:

  • It is the blood that enters the glomerulus via the afferent arteriole

  • It is the plasma that is filtered from the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule

  • It is the solutes that are secreted from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule lumen

  • It is the plasma that exits the glomerulus in the efferent arteriole

Explanation

Question 8 of 23

1

Under normal conditions, what percentage of plasma is filtered into the glomerular capsule at the renal corpuscle

Select one of the following:

  • 80%

  • 20%

  • 99%

  • 1%

Explanation

Question 9 of 23

1

TRUE OR FALSE The 3 pressures that determine filtration of plasma from the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular capsule are:
hydrostatic pressure of blood flowing through capillaries,
colloid osmotic pressure created by proteins in capillaries,
and hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the glomerular capsule

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 23

1

Glomerular filtration rate is influenced by

Select one of the following:

  • Filtration pressure

  • Surface area of capillaries available for filtration

  • Permeability of capillaries in the capsule

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 11 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE Local controls regulate the resistance in the afferent and efferent arterioles and this results in a relatively constant glomerular filtration rate(GFR) despite fluctuations in blood pressure that occur

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 23

1

If the walls of the afferent arteriole are stretched due to an increase in blood pressure, this will result in

Select one of the following:

  • Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole and decreased GFR

  • Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole and increased GFR

  • Increased blood will force its way through the arteriole and this will result in increased GFR

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 13 of 23

1

The specialised region of the kidney that monitors blood pressure and salt and water balance is the

Select one of the following:

  • Collecting duct

  • Bowmans capsule

  • Peritubular capillaries

  • Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Explanation

Question 14 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE The 2 local controls that act in the kidney to regulate glomerular filtration rate are neural control via sympathetic stimulation and hormonal control via angiotensin and prostaglandins

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE When GFR increases, the feedback from the juxtaglomerular apparatus will result in a decrease in GFR via vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 23

1

As the kidney tubules have the same solute concentration as the ecf, in order for solutes and water to be reabsorbed from the filtrate in the tubule lumen back into the peritubular capillaries

Select one of the following:

  • Na+ must be reabsorbed via active transport into the ecf

  • Active sodium reabsorption is required in order to create an electrochemical gradient that drives reabsorption of anions

  • Active sodium reabsorption and subsequent anion reabsorption must occur first, then water will follow via osmosis

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 17 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE Under normal conditions, glucose is filtered into the proximal tubule and is excreted in the urine

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 23

1

When glucose transporters in the proximal tubule have reached saturation

Select one of the following:

  • Glucose will be excreted in the urine

  • Glucose will continue to be reabsorbed in the loop of Henle and distal tubule until all is reabsorbed

  • Extra transporters will be added to the tubule membrane to ensure all glucose is reuptaken

  • Glucose concentration will build up in the proximal tubule and less glucose will be filtered at the glomerulus

Explanation

Question 19 of 23

1

The transfer of molecules from the peritubular capillaries to the lumen of kidney tubules is known as

Select one of the following:

  • Filtration

  • Reabsorption

  • Secretion

  • Excretion

Explanation

Question 20 of 23

1

Secretion of substances from peritubular capillaries to tubule lumen is achieved mainly via

Select one of the following:

  • Passive diffusion

  • Facilitated diffusion

  • Secondary active transport

  • Exocytosis

Explanation

Question 21 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE Normal urine contains glucose, amino acids water and electrolytes

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE Renal clearance is a measure of how many mLs of plasma per minute are cleared of a certain solute eg; if the GFR is 100 mL/min, and if 100% of the solute is reabsorbed, then the renal clearance will be 100 mL/min

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 23

1

TRUE or FALSE Urination occurs as the result of a reflex loop that begins with the stimulus of increased stretch on receptors in the bladder wall

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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