______ dysfunction results in decreased oxygenation in blood, and _______ dysfunction results in normal oxygenation but reduced blood flow?

(Central/peripheral) chemoreceptors are more sensitive to changes in CO2 level, while (central/peripheral) chemoreceptors are more sensitive to changes in O2 level.

Peripheral chemoreceptors don't respond until PaO2 drops below ______.

Which of the following is higher in apex?
1. Vol%
2. VA (ventilation)
3. Q (perfusion)
4. Va/Q (ventilation/perfusion rate)
5. PO2
6. PCO2
7. PN2
8. O2 content
9. CO2 content
10. pH
11. O2 in
12. CO2 out

Increased stiffness and consolidation causes (obstructive/ restrictive) lung disorders.

Loss of radial traction/early airway closure results in ________.

Three major categories of COPD?

must bronchitis be chronic to be classified as COPD?

Pathophysiology of emphysema?

Emphysema can be categorised as ______ or _______.

Centrilobular emphysema is more likely a result of ______. It affects ______ more.

Panlobular emphysema is more likely a result of ______ deficiency. It affects ________ more.

Both centrilobule and panlobule emphysema has loss of ______ and ______ destruction.

________ destruction is more often seen in centrilobule emphysema while loss of _______ is more often seen in panlobule emphysema.

T/F: patients with early emphysema may have near normal PaO2 and PaCO2.
It is compensated by _______ and ______.

Compromised radial traction and decreased alveolar elastic recoil contributes to airway collapsing and air trapping during _________.