Alyssa Elligson
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Criminology

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Alyssa Elligson
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CC 100- (4) Measuring Crime

CC 100- (4) Measuring Crime

Question 1 of 26

1

Criminal justice System produces huge amounts of raw data such as:

Select one or more of the following:

  • police reports & records, court decisions

  • prisoners information

  • administrative records of prisons & penitentiaries

  • decisions of parole & probation officials

  • victim services

Explanation

Question 2 of 26

1

CJS records are not statistics. they are concerned with individual cases (e.g. the offender) and help practitioners make decisions about these cases

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 26

1

Statistics are aggregated- concerned with what is common among many individual cases - they provide info about planning & evaluation, policy & program development & theory building & testing

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 26

1

Quantitative data:

Select one of the following:

  • relating to the measurement of something- numeric form

  • relating to the reasons why something happens

Explanation

Question 5 of 26

1

Qualitative Data:

Select one of the following:

  • based on measurements

  • not based on measurement but an exploration of the reasons for human behaviour and the qualities of subjective experience

Explanation

Question 6 of 26

1

Controversies over counting crime:

Select one or more of the following:

  • coverage, reliability, validity, & methodology

  • crime rate measured by police-reported data not reliable or valid statistics (they underestimate the actual level of crime)

  • counting crime is easy knowledge

Explanation

Question 7 of 26

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Crime Stats:
-( 34%, 30%, 40%, 43%, 28% ) decrease in ( Crime Rate, drug offences, violence, sexual crimes ) since 1998

-( 12.6%, 11.7%, 12.9%, 13% ) increase in ( drug crimes, crime rates, sexual crimes, robberys ) since 1998

-( 28.9%, 30%, 35%, 25% ) decrease in ( violent crimes, sexual crimes, armed robbery, theft crimes, property crimes ) since 2000

Explanation

Question 8 of 26

1

3 dominant ways to count crime or describe crime patterns:

Select one or more of the following:

  • official (police-reported) statistics

  • victim blaming

  • victimization surveys

  • self-reported studies

  • self-measured examples

Explanation

Question 9 of 26

1

"crimes known to police" are commonly used crime stats

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 26

1

The Uniform Crime Report (UCR):

Select one of the following:

  • intended to standardize the collection & assembly of police-reported crime statistics from across Canada

  • stats generated by UCR are less than perfect due to variations in records and interpreting crime between different departments

  • implemented in 1962

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 11 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

2 versions of the UCR:
1. UCR (UCR 1.0) Survey: collects summary data for separate criminal offences

2. UCR (UCR 2.0) Survey: collects more on each incident, victims & accused

Explanation

Question 12 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

rule in UCR statistics *important*:

- only the most serious crime is scored in an incident involving crimes

Implications:
-deflates total crime count
- serious crimes as % of total
-not enough qualitative data about crimes are recorded
-crime categories are too
-does not differentiate between indictable and summary offences (gross counts of crime are )

Explanation

Question 13 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

UCR Distortions:

Police likely to write an official report if:
1. situation can be dealt with through (e.g. confiscation of illicit goods)
2. close between victim and perp

Police likely to write a report if:
1. victim is of social status (differential toward police)
2. police are engaged in ant-crime campaign (maintenance crackdown)

Explanation

Question 14 of 26

1

UCR 2 adopted in 1982 to address issues associated with original UCR:

Select one or more of the following:

  • added arson to category of property crime

  • added new categories of crime including criminal harassment

  • allows for better collection of information regarding multiple offences stemming from the same criminal event (original UCR seriousness rule)

  • is better

Explanation

Question 15 of 26

1

the Crime Severity Index (CSI):

Select one or more of the following:

  • addresses the matter of the crime rate being driven by high volumes of less serious offences

  • calculated by assigning each offence by weight (from sentenced given in court)

  • more serious the average sentence, greater the weight

  • more serious offences have greater impact on CSI

Explanation

Question 16 of 26

1

dark figure of crime refers to the amount of crime that is not reported to the police and is therefore not reflected in the UCR

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

according to the General Social Survey (GSS) () ) of crimes are not reported to the police

GSS provides information on crimes not reported and why

Explanation

Question 18 of 26

1

why victims don't report crime:

Select one or more of the following:

  • feel crimes arent important enough

  • think there is nothing police can do

  • retaliate and plan revenge

  • deal with the crime in another way

  • they don't want to go to court

Explanation

Question 19 of 26

1

which of the following is NOT TRUE of victimization surveys?

Select one of the following:

  • a sample of people are asked via a questionnaire survey if they have been a victim of crime

  • captures many crimes not included in UCR data

  • victims can be asked to describe their victimization, if it was reported, the response they got, and their feelings of safety regarding the CJS

  • they are not anonymous, everyone is identified

Explanation

Question 20 of 26

1

Criminal victimization in Canada 2009 highlights:

of respondents reported being a victim of crime in past 12 months

of offences were non-violent

who were victimized reported it to police

rates between 2004 and 2009

violent crimes & household victimization are in Western Canada

felt somewhat or very satisfied with their personal safety

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    25%
    20%
    30%
    27%
    80%
    70%
    75%
    60%
    31%
    32%
    35%
    40%
    increased
    stable
    decreased
    higher
    lower
    the same
    93%
    95%
    92%
    90%

Explanation

Question 21 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Limitations of Victimization surveys include:
-not all crimes are captured (e.g. murder)

- are generally not captured by either police-reported UCR data or victimization surveys

-: unintentionally remembering prior victimization incidents outside the survey time framework

-: unintentionally forgetting victimization incident inside the survey time framework

Explanation

Question 22 of 26

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Self-Reported studies over come some of the weaknesses of police data and victimization surveys
-they contribute to research and theories on the causes of (social class & crime)

-people are willing to report crimes in self-report survey (can produce valid and reliable results)

Limitations to this:
-some demographic groups are more apt to criminal behaviour
-more likely to report infractions and downplay serious ones
-serious and chronic offenders difficult to survey
-

Explanation

Question 23 of 26

1

according to general approaches to crime stats, the Positivist Perspective:

Select one of the following:

  • is a positive outlook on the crime severity

  • tends to accept the notion that the criminal code is a reflection of societal consensus about what is and is not criminal behaviour - reasonable to rely upon crime statistics generated by governmental agencies or the CJS

  • means a positive approach to crime solving

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 24 of 26

1

Structuralist perspective questions the relevance of crime statistics

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 26

1

Constructionist perspective:

Select one or more of the following:

  • argues the identification, coding & counting of crime is a social process

  • police produce crime stats by choosing which calls warrant a police response, exercising discretion (dealing with situations formally or without charges) and being involved in proactive or reactive policing styles

  • means we construct our ideas of crime and counting crime from media and older models

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 26 of 26

1

Integrationist Perspective:

Select one or more of the following:

  • focuses on development of and changes to laws (whose interests are served)

  • analyzes how crime stats are socially constructed & how social factors guide that process

  • explains crimes integration process to society

  • has to do with rapid change

Explanation

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