Lahar: a mudflow that is formed from the mixture of debris, ash and water. This water comes from excessive precipitation, eruptions melting snow/ice or water having being ejected from a crater lake.
Tsunami: Can be triggered by a landslide down a volcano's side displacing a large amount of water, or a volcanic eruption under water.
Ash and tephra fall: ash = <2mm. It is formed from pulverised lava/rock.
Lava flow: the molten rock emitted by the volcano when it erupts. It can move very slowly so does not often directly cause deaths.
Ash cloud: it consists of fragments of pulverised rock, minerals and volcanic glass, created during volcanic eruptions.
Pyroclastic flows: hot poisonous gases such as CO2 and SO2, steam and ash that flows up to 100km/hour down a volcano's sides. It can reach a temperature of up to 1000°C.
Forest fires: caused by hot lava flows and pyroclastic flows.
Temporary temperature changes: ash emitted reflects solar rays in the atmosphere.

	Created by roshni sen amitha over 6 years ago

GCSE Geography Slide Set on Geography - Plate Tectonics and Structure of the Earth, created by roshni sen amitha on 12/11/2017.