If an animal lacks a menace response,what does it imply?

What would be the consequences of a tumor in the occulomotor nerve nucleus?

What does the lack of blink response at the medial canthus suggest?

Describe the cause of Horner's Syndrome and name its clinical signs.

What is the cause of medial strabismus?

What response is elicited by the upper lip pinch test? Which muscle is being pinched and what cranial nerve innervates it?

If the nostrils (interior) are tickled with a feather tip or cotton bud elicits no reaction, which cranial nerve branch is most likely affected?

What makes up the pharyngeal plexus?

Which types of fibers from the pharyngeal plexus mediate the gag reflex? How is it mediated?

Describe the sensory input for cough reflex

Describe the motor response of the cough reflex

If a dog is vestibular, which cranial nerve may be involved? How is this cranial n. being affected?

Why can the vestibular n. and the cochelar n. be affected independently? What parts of the ear do they innervate?

What possible effects could result from damage to the mandibular n. (V)?

If a patient presents with dorsolateraral strabismus and abnormal position ov vessels in the fundus, what cranial n. could be affected?