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Cell injury and Hemodynamis Variant 1 and 2

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Cell Injury and Hemodynamics- Pathoanatomy 3rd Year- Sem 1- PMU

Question 1 of 60

1

Is the development of gout related to hemodynamic disorders?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 60

1

Is vitiligo a congenital skin depigmentation?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 60

1

Does hemosiderosis of the lungs occur in arterial hyperemia?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 60

1

Can thrombosis lead to embolism?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 60

1

Can secondary amyloidosis occur after chronic inflammatory processes?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 60

1

Can a compensatory (working) hypertrophy occur in the esophagus?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 60

1

Pseudohypertrophy is:

Select one of the following:

  • growth of parenchymal cells

  • growth of fat tissue

Explanation

Question 8 of 60

1

Can chronic inflammation lead to metaplasia?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 60

1

Is thymus involution a pathological atrophy?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 60

1

Is glycogen deposited in the epithelial cells of the renal tubules in diabetes mellitus?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 60

1

Which of the following types of embolism are endogenous?

Select one or more of the following:

  • thromboembolism

  • fat embolism

  • air embolism

  • bacterial embolism

Explanation

Question 12 of 60

1

Which staining can we use to identify amyloid accumulation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Sudan IV

  • Methyl violet

  • Best's carmine

  • Congo red

Explanation

Question 13 of 60

1

Obesitas differs from Iipomatosis according to:

Select one or more of the following:

  • nature of accumulated lipids

  • quantity of accumulated lipids

  • spreading of the process

  • they are stages of one process

Explanation

Question 14 of 60

1

Point out the typical localization of hemorrhagic infarction:

Select one or more of the following:

  • kidney

  • intestines

  • spleen

  • lungs

Explanation

Question 15 of 60

1

Which are the main sources of thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery?

Select one or more of the following:

  • veins of lower limbs

  • pulmonary veins

  • splenic vein

  • mesenteric vein

Explanation

Question 16 of 60

1

Which is the pathogenetic mechanism of development of hemorrhage due to esophageal varices in hepatic cirrhosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • per rhexin

  • per diapedesin

  • per diabrosin

  • all answers are correct

Explanation

Question 17 of 60

1

Which of the following conditions are due to a local hemosiderosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • hemolytic anemia

  • brown induration of the lungs

  • brown atrophy of the liver

  • lipogranuloma

Explanation

Question 18 of 60

1

Point out the conditions of local depigmentation of the skin:

Select one or more of the following:

  • vitiligo

  • Ieucoderma

  • albinism

  • nevus pigmentosus

Explanation

Question 19 of 60

1

Hemorrhagic infarctions are developed in:

Select one or more of the following:

  • organs with major type of blood supply

  • occlusion of venous vessel

  • chronic venous status

  • organs With double blood supply

Explanation

Question 20 of 60

1

Hyperemic-hemorrhagic area is found in:

Select one or more of the following:

  • tophi podagrosi

  • nodular amyloidosis

  • anemic infarction

  • pneumonia crouposa

Explanation

Question 21 of 60

1

Point out the typical features in mechanic jaundice:

Select one or more of the following:

  • increased level of direct bilirubin in the blood

  • increased level of direct and indirect bilirubin in the blood

  • dilated intrahepatic bile ducts

  • brain icterus

Explanation

Question 22 of 60

1

The frozen section is used for:

Select one or more of the following:

  • intraoperative biopsy consultation

  • cytological investigation w proof of lipids

  • immunohistochemical investigation

  • proof of lipids

Explanation

Question 23 of 60

1

In stasis can occur:

Select one or more of the following:

  • thromboembolism

  • hemorrhages per diapedesin

  • necrosis of tissues

  • recovery of the circulation

Explanation

Question 24 of 60

1

Which are the two main types of hemosiderosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • local

  • renal

  • generalized

  • necrosis

Explanation

Question 25 of 60

1

Mutilation is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • a form of biological mutation

  • a type of blood flow

  • zonal loss of hair

  • loss of necrotic phalange

Explanation

Question 26 of 60

1

In a patient who died of chronic myelosis is found relaxed , easily torn myocardium with subepicardial transversal yellow streaks of the papillary muscles. Set the diagnosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • hyaline- drop degeneration

  • infarction of the papillary muscle

  • fat degeneration

  • cellular swelling

Explanation

Question 27 of 60

1

Multiple well distinct white spots are found on the omentum and appendices epiploicae. The same picture is also seen in the pancreas. Set the diagnosis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • steatonecrosis in acute pancreatitis

  • fibrinous purulent peritonitis

  • carcinomatosis of the peritoneum

  • serous peritonitis

Explanation

Question 28 of 60

1

68-years old man is complaining of acute pain in the muscles of the lower limbs during fast walking which disappears after taking a rest. Set the diagnosis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • varices of the lower limbs

  • claudicatio intermittens

  • poliomyelitis

  • thrombosis of vena poplitea

Explanation

Question 29 of 60

1

Which characteristics are typical for hyaline?

Select one or more of the following:

  • homogenous

  • glassy

  • heterogenous

  • nontransparent

Explanation

Question 30 of 60

1

In a patient with disseminated massive embolism of the pulmonary artery can occur:

Select one or more of the following:

  • death of asphyxia

  • total hemorrhagic infarction of the lung

  • acute pulmonary heart

  • chronic pulmonary heart

Explanation

Question 31 of 60

1

Is plasma leakage an important for the development of hyalinosis?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 32 of 60

1

Does hypoxia lead to fatty change in the myocardium?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 60

1

What type of the pathologic process is hypoplasia:

Select one of the following:

  • congenital

  • acquired

Explanation

Question 34 of 60

1

What type of necrosis occurs in myocardial infarction?

Select one of the following:

  • liquefaction necrosis

  • coagulative necrosis

Explanation

Question 35 of 60

1

Can we use PAS reaction to identify glycogen?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 36 of 60

1

Could arterial hyperemia follow the ischemia?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 37 of 60

1

ls formalin an appropriate fixative for the identification of lipids?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 60

1

Do organs with protein accumulation have a typical macroscopic appearance?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 60

1

The typical localization of Iipofuscin in the cell is.....?

Select one of the following:

  • extracellular

  • intracellular

Explanation

Question 40 of 60

1

Necrosis could affect cells and extracellular matrix?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 60

1

lndicate pathogenic mechanisms of fatty change?

Select one or more of the following:

  • decomposition

  • infiltration

  • secretion

  • transformation

Explanation

Question 42 of 60

1

Apoptosis is characterized by;

Select one or more of the following:

  • affects large amount of the cells

  • presence of inflammatory reaction

  • occurs slowly

  • none of the listed is correct

Explanation

Question 43 of 60

1

In which diseases amyloidosis occurs?

Select one or more of the following:

  • bronchiectatic disease

  • multiple myeloma

  • hypertension

  • rheumatoid arthritis

Explanation

Question 44 of 60

1

Virchow’s triad include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • endothelial injury

  • stasis of the blood flow

  • change in the blood composition

  • accelerating in the blood flow

Explanation

Question 45 of 60

1

In which diseases hyperpigmentation of skin occurs?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Addison's disease

  • Ephelides

  • Vitiligo

  • Pigmented nevus

Explanation

Question 46 of 60

1

Hemorrhagic infarction of lungs occurs in?

Select one or more of the following:

  • thrombosis of the bronchial artery

  • embolism of the pulmonary artery

  • thrombosns of the pulmonary veins

  • chronic venous congestion

Explanation

Question 47 of 60

1

There is accumulation of the glycogen in course of Diabetes Mellitus. Where does it situated?

Select one or more of the following:

  • in the cells of Langerhans islands

  • epithelium of Henle's loop

  • cardiomyocytes

  • nuclei of hepatocytes

Explanation

Question 48 of 60

1

Fat necrosis occurs in:

Select one or more of the following:

  • brain

  • pancreas

  • intestines

  • prostate gland

Explanation

Question 49 of 60

1

The test for the air embolism has to be performed via:

Select one or more of the following:

  • in the presence of the witnesses

  • autopsy in a bath

  • perforation of the right ventricle

  • perforation of the left ventricle

Explanation

Question 50 of 60

1

Which types of hemorrhages occur in gastrointestinal tract?

Select one or more of the following:

  • hemothorax

  • hemoptoe

  • melena

  • hematemesis

Explanation

Question 51 of 60

1

What is the purpose of the non-forensic, medical autopsy:

Select one or more of the following:

  • identification of the cause of the death

  • verification of the clinical diagnosis

  • establishment of the possible legal faults of the clinicians

  • training of the pathologists and clinicians

Explanation

Question 52 of 60

1

Methachomasia is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • immunological reaction

  • staining for the lipids

  • change of the initial color of the stain

  • genetic analysis

Explanation

Question 53 of 60

1

In which organs infarcts are the most common reason for the death:

Select one or more of the following:

  • kidney

  • spleen

  • heart

  • brain

Explanation

Question 54 of 60

1

Which factors contribute to the worst outcome of the bleeding:

Select one or more of the following:

  • large amount of the blood loss

  • rapid blood loss

  • hemorrhage in the heart and brain

  • hemorrhage in the derma

Explanation

Question 55 of 60

1

Hemolytic jaundice is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • intrahepatic

  • prehepatic

  • obstructive

  • conjugated

Explanation

Question 56 of 60

1

An autopsy of 72 years old male treated for the long period for the IHD revealed dilated zone of the posterior wall of the left ventricle with diameter 4 cm. The wall of the dilated section is whitish and thin (5-7 mm). Endo- and pericardium are whitish and opaque. Define this dilatation!

Select one or more of the following:

  • acute aneurism

  • chronic aneurism

  • rheumatic endocarditis

  • acute pericarditis

Explanation

Question 57 of 60

1

A 69 years old male patient with medical history of the varicose changes in veins of the lower limbs underwent surgical treatment. Suddenly at 15th day after the surgery the patient experienced severe shortness of breath, became unconscious and died. Identify the most likely cause of the death?

Select one or more of the following:

  • thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery

  • infarct of the brain

  • thrombosis of the mesentery artery

  • infarct of the myocardium

Explanation

Question 58 of 60

1

An autopsy of the 20 years old male died few hours after car accident revealed fracture of the left hip bone and severe injury of the soft tissue. The lungs are with the normal size, but exhibit severe degree of congestion. Their cut surface is glossy, demonstrating presence of the small fatty droplets. What is the cause of the death?

Select one or more of the following:

  • fatty embolism

  • air embolism

  • thromboembolism

  • bacterial embolism

Explanation

Question 59 of 60

1

An autopsy of the suddenly died 68 years old male revealed acute transmural myocardial infarction of the anterior wall of the left ventricle causing perforation and presence of the 350 ml coagulated blood on the pericardial sac. Define the process in the pericardial sac.

Select one or more of the following:

  • hemopericardium

  • hydropericardium

  • acute haemorrhagic pericarditis

  • acute purulent pericarditis

Explanation

Question 60 of 60

1

The correct biopsy performing include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • cytology sampling

  • surgical removal of the lesion with adjacent normal tissue

  • surgical removal of the part of the lesion

  • excision

Explanation

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