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Quiz on Criminal Justice Final, created by Grace D on 12/12/2017.

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Criminal Justice Final

Question 1 of 92

1

The two main sources of criminal justice data in the United States are:

Select one of the following:

  • A. United Crime Statistics & National Crime Compilation

  • B. FBI Crimstat & Victims of Crime Collaborative Survey

  • C. Uniform Crime Report & National Crime Victimization Survey

  • D. National Crime Victimization Survey & Uniform Survey of Crime

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 92

1

Our definition of a crime is an act prohibited or an omission required by law.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 92

1

Which of the following is a trial in which the judge determines guilt or innocence?

Select one of the following:

  • Plea trial

  • Chamber Trial

  • Non-jury trial

  • Bench Trial

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 4 of 92

1

The four sources of criminal law discussed in class were constitutions, statutes, court decisions & administrative regulations.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 92

1

The model of criminal justice that assumes the various parts of the justice system work together by design to achieve a wider purpose of justice is called the:

Select one of the following:

  • cooperative model

  • consensus model

  • retribution model

  • conflict model

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 6 of 92

1

“ Facts and Circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime has been or is about to be committed” is our definition of:

Select one of the following:

  • a crime

  • proof beyond a reasonable doubt

  • probable cause

  • factual guilt

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 7 of 92

1

Crime rates are a more reliable way to measure crime than raw numbers.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 92

1

A classification scheme used in the study and description of criminal behavior is known as a:

Select one of the following:

  • crime classification

  • crime category

  • criminal research

  • crime typology

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 9 of 92

1

The burden of proof in a civil case is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 92

1

Crime fighting strategies that have been scientifically tested and are based on social science research are known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Crime control strategies

  • A. Due process strategies

  • A. Evidence based practices

  • conflict control model

  • public order control

Explanation

Question 11 of 92

1

Bernie Madoff’s operation of a Ponzi Scheme is an example of?

Select one of the following:

  • Felonious assault

  • financial terrorism

  • Grand theft

  • Computer crime

  • White collar crime

Explanation

Question 12 of 92

1

Civil justice consists of activities and procedures having to do with private rights and relationships.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 92

1

Most aggravated assaults are committed with:

Select one of the following:

  • Firearms

  • Knives

  • Hands

  • Blunt Objects

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 14 of 92

1

The U.S.A. has three levels of criminal justice; local, state & federal.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 92

1

Which major crime has the highest clearance rate

Select one of the following:

  • Robbery

  • Murder

  • Rape

  • Arson

  • aggravated assault

Explanation

Question 16 of 92

1

The three types of damages in civil cases are actual, compensatory & punitive.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 92

1

The Latin term that demonstrates facts that show a crime has occurred is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Mens criminus facto

  • B. Demontratus occurus

  • C. Corpus delecti

  • D. Facto post mortem

  • E. Corpus mala unum

Explanation

Question 18 of 92

1

15. Juridiction, vagueness, & repeal/amendment of a statute are examples of:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Outdated concepts

  • B. Civil law prohibitions

  • C. Categories of crime

  • D. Typologies of justice

  • E. Limits on criminal law

Explanation

Question 19 of 92

1

15. The scientific study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Jurisprudence

  • B. Forensic science

  • C. Criminal justice

  • D. Criminology

  • E. Evidence based study

Explanation

Question 20 of 92

1

Transnational organized crime is unlawful activity that is undertaken and supported by organized crime groups across state lines.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 92

1

Cookie Cutter is arrested by the police when she attempts to enter an empty, locked house by breaking open a window. She later confesses to having done so with the intent of stealing personal items from the house. Cookie is most likely to be charged with:

Select one of the following:

  • Arson

  • Robbery

  • Burglary

  • Armed Robbery

  • Embezzlement

Explanation

Question 22 of 92

1

“Mala in se” means “Wrong because the law says so”.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 92

1

The Crime Control Model emphasizes:

Select one of the following:

  • A. The efficient arrest & conviction of criminal justice offenders

  • B. Controlling behavior through various social programs

  • C. Using sanctions and rewards to influence and shape behavior

  • D. Individual rights at all stages of the criminal justice process

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 24 of 92

1

The two main goals of due process are:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Fairness & necessity

  • B. Accuracy & effectiveness

  • C. Expediency & fairness

  • D. Effectiveness & expediency

  • E. Accuracy & fairness

Explanation

Question 25 of 92

1

The two main types of criminal law discussed in class were substantive and procedural criminal law.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 92

1

The only crime mentioned in the Constitution of the United States is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. murder

  • B. Espionage

  • C. Conspiracy

  • D. Treason

  • E. Putting ketchup on hot dogs

Explanation

Question 27 of 92

1

UCR Part I offenses are those crimes which have to occur first in order to charge people with more serious crimes.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 28 of 92

1

The latin term meaning “guilty mind” is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Cranius mala

  • B. Stare decisis

  • C. Mens rea

  • D. Mala stupidius

  • E. Actus reus

Explanation

Question 29 of 92

1

The three main categories of crime discussed in class were:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Felonies, misdemeanors & torts

  • B. Misdemeanors, crimes & high offenses

  • C. Felonies, torts & petit crimes

  • D. Infractions, misdemeanors & part 2 offenses

  • E. Felonies, misdemeanors & infractions/offenses

Explanation

Question 30 of 92

1

Which part of the law specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Procedural law

  • B. Administrative law

  • C. Common law

  • D. Civil law

  • E. Tort law

Explanation

Question 31 of 92

1

Crimes against the elderly, crimes against women, stalking & hate crimes fall under which of the following:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Categories of crime

  • B. Crime typologies

  • C. Civil law prohibitions

  • D. Limits on criminal law

  • E. Procedural law

Explanation

Question 32 of 92

1

The M’Naghten Rule is used to determine which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Correct jury selection procedures

  • B. A criminal defendant’s mental state

  • C. If the court has followed rules of evidence and procedure

  • D. A criminal defendant’s knowledge of his/her rights

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 33 of 92

1

Jurisprudence is part of the law that defines crimes and punishments.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 92

1

The insanity defense is used often and is usually successful.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 92

1

Ex Post Facto means

Select one of the following:

  • A. The search for a fact

  • B. Factual basis

  • C. Lacking facts

  • D. Legal facts

  • E. After the fact

Explanation

Question 36 of 92

1

What period of American history was NOT associated with an increase in crime?

Select one of the following:

  • A. 1970’s

  • B. 1850 -1880

  • C. Post World War II – 1960’s

  • D. 1980’s

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 37 of 92

1

A common law and constitutional prohibition against a second trial for the same offense is known as double jeopardy.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 92

1

The primary purpose of tort law is to:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Set an example

  • B. Right an injustice

  • C. Limit jury awards

  • D. Compensate the plaintiff

  • E. Punish corporations

Explanation

Question 39 of 92

1

The latin term that means the rule of precedent or judges following previous decisions is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Mala precedentis

  • B. Scientia est bonus

  • C. Stare decisis

  • D. Prohibita malum

  • E. Semper ubi sub ubi

Explanation

Question 40 of 92

1

A criminal offense punishable by death or incarceration in a prison facility for at least one year is known as a misdemeanor.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 92

1

Three main problems with early policing discussed in class were:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Lack of leadership, no mission statement, low pay

  • B. Disrespect, poor communications, low pay

  • C. Ineffectiveness, low pay, unqualified personnel

  • D. Low pay, disrespect, ineffectiveness

  • E. No mission statement, disrespect, limited organization

Explanation

Question 42 of 92

1

In the 1900s, the criteria for selection of police officers discussed in class was:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Physical fitness and a political influence

  • B. Physical fitness and a college degree

  • C. Political influence and intelligence

  • D. Intelligence and bearing

  • E. Common sense and a clean background

Explanation

Question 43 of 92

1

Which policing strategy emphasizes an increased capacity to deal with crimes that are not well controlled by traditional methods?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Community policing

  • B. Team policing

  • C. Split force policing

  • D. Problem solving policing

  • E. Strategic policing

Explanation

Question 44 of 92

1

Evidence of relevance to a criminal investigation that is NOT readily seen by the unaided eye is known as latent evidence.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 45 of 92

1

The special responsibility to adhere to moral duty and obligation that is inherent in police work is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Police ethics

  • B. Police working personality

  • C. Intelligence led policing

  • D. Police subculture

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 46 of 92

1

College educated police officers are found to be more authoritarian the police officers without a college education.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 47 of 92

1

Effects of police stress can include: psychological problems, drug/alcohol abuse, family problems, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 92

1

Which U.S. Supreme Court case discussed in class addressed the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Terry vs Ohio

  • B. McGregor vs Mayweather

  • C. West vs Swift

  • D. Ali vs Frazier

  • E. U.S. vs Leon

Explanation

Question 49 of 92

1

The three tenets of community policing discussed in class were: using a problem solving approach, being service oriented, encouraging officers use of discretion

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 50 of 92

1

Researchers have concluded that police subculture in the United States is unlikely to change:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Through external pressure such as investigating police corruption

  • B. From within the police department

  • C. Due to commission reports that expose questionable practices

  • D. With new hiring practices

  • E. Due to federal oversight

Explanation

Question 51 of 92

1

The two main divisions of authority in police agencies are line and staff operations.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 52 of 92

1

Jake and Mary are married and own their own home. The police come to the house and ask for permission to search the house for drugs. Jake gives his consent to the search, but Mary says no because she has hidden some drugs in the kitchen. The police come in and search, over Mary’s objection, since Jake said it was okay. They find Mary’s drugs. Which of the following is legally correct in the ensuing trial?

Select one of the following:

  • A. The drugs cannot be used at Mary’s trial because the police violated the plain view doctrine

  • B. The drugs can be used at Mary’s trial because the exclusionary rule does not apply in drug cases.

  • C. The drugs cannot be used at Mary’s trial because she didn’t consent to the search.

  • D. The drugs can be used at Mary’s trial because the police had Jake’s consent to search.

  • E. None of the above.

Explanation

Question 53 of 92

1

Most due process requirements of relevance to the police pertain to which three major areas?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Evidence & investigation, arrest and interrogation

  • B. Arrest, booking procedures, right to counsel

  • C. Evidence & investigation, arrest, training

  • D. Interrogation, jury selection, rules of evidence

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 54 of 92

1

The two cases discussed in class that related to the exclusionary rule were:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Terry vs Ohio and Miranda vs Arizona

  • B. Weeks vs United States and Escobedo vs Illinois

  • C. Mills vs Thomas & Ali vs Frazier

  • D. Tennessee vs Garner and Gideon vs Wainwright

  • E. Mapp vs Ohio & Weeks vs United States

Explanation

Question 55 of 92

1

Which US Supreme Court case has become the basis for stop and frisk?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Weeks vs United States

  • B. Terry vs Ohio

  • C. Quackenbush vs Clinkscales

  • D. Escobedo vs Illinois

  • E. Miranda vs Arizona

Explanation

Question 56 of 92

1

The legal definition of a “frisk” is “a patting down of the outer clothing of a suspect based upon reasonable suspicion, designed to locate contraband or criminal evidence while questioning a suspect

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 57 of 92

1

A legal principle that excludes from introduction at trial any evidence later developed as a result of an illegal search or seizure is known as “fruit of the poisonous tree”

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 58 of 92

1

A warrantless search of an arrested individual conducted to ensure the safety of the arresting officer is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Stop and Frisk

  • B. Pat Down

  • C. Search incident to arrest

  • D. Contraband search

  • E. Warrantless body search

Explanation

Question 59 of 92

1

The “New Police” were immediately popular with the citizens of London because now they knew they would be safe

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 60 of 92

1

A form of police corruption involving the failure to perform a legal duty is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Malfeasance

  • B. Nonfeasance

  • C. Tortfeasance

  • D. Shirking of Duty

  • E. Misfeasance

Explanation

Question 61 of 92

1

A form of police corruption involving the failure to perform a legal duty in a proper manner is known as

Select one of the following:

  • A. Tortfeasance

  • B. Malfeasance

  • C. Misfeasance

  • D. Nonfeasance

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 62 of 92

1

A form of police corruption involving the commission of an illegal act is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Misfeasance.

  • B. Nonfeasance

  • C. Abject criminality

  • D. Malfeasance

  • E. Tortfeasance

Explanation

Question 63 of 92

1

Which of the following is one of the ways to prevent individual corruption discussed in class?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Periodic retraining of all police

  • B. More exhaustive background checks of recruits

  • C. Measures aimed at enhancing professionalism and breaking the code of silence

  • D. All of the above

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 64 of 92

1

The three main areas of the dangers of police work discussed in class were violence in the line of duty, risk of disease and infected evidence, stress and fatigue among police officers.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 65 of 92

1

The two primary sources of police stress discussed in class were the nature of police work and family problems.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 66 of 92

1

Which of the following is the collection and analysis of information to produce intelligence end product designed to inform police decision making at both the tactical and strategic levels?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Intelligence led policing

  • B. Police ethics

  • C. Bivens Action

  • D. Criminal intelligence

  • E. Law enforcement scientific methods

Explanation

Question 67 of 92

1

The main purpose of the Miranda warnings is to give crime suspects extra time to think about their situation and whether or not they want to confess

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 68 of 92

1

In the context of the police use of force continuum, which is the first (lowest) of five levels?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Hard techniques

  • B. Verbal commands

  • C. Soft techniques

  • D. Officer presence

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 69 of 92

1

A particular set of values, beliefs, and acceptable forms of behavior with which the police profession strives to imbue new recruits is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. The Thin Blue Line

  • B. The Blue Wall of Silence

  • C. The Working Police personality

  • D. The Blue Brotherhood

  • E. The Police Subculture

Explanation

Question 70 of 92

1

The three police personality aspects discussed in class were:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Danger, Isolation and Attitude

  • B. Isolation, Attitude and Authority

  • C. Danger, Isolation and Authority

  • D. Isolation, Authority and Lack of Empathy

  • E. Attitude, Fear and Insecurity

Explanation

Question 71 of 92

1

The branch of a police organization tasked with investigating charges of wrongdoing involving members of the department is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. The Rat Squad

  • B. Internal affairs

  • C. Human Resources

  • D. Behavior Control Unit

  • E. Integrity division

Explanation

Question 72 of 92

1

Most people take advantage of their rights to remain silent and have counsel present.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 73 of 92

1

The information gathering activity of police that involves direct questioning of suspects is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Interrogation

  • B. Star Chamber

  • C. Interviewing

  • D. Grand Jury

  • E. Basic questioning

Explanation

Question 74 of 92

1

The case that requires advisement of rights due criminal suspects by the police before questioning begins is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Escobedo vs Illinois

  • B. Terry vs Ohio

  • C. Lohan vs Lohan

  • D. Gideon vs Wainwright

  • E. Miranda vs Arizona

Explanation

Question 75 of 92

1

The two elements required for Miranda warnings are 1.custodial 2.interrogation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 76 of 92

1

The Mutual Pledge systems was a system of community self-responsibility that existed in Britain in the Middle Ages in which residents were held responsible for the conduct of their neighbors

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 77 of 92

1

The opportunity of law enforcement officers to exercise choice in their duties is:

Select one of the following:

  • A. 1st amendment right

  • B. Jurisdictional authority

  • C. Police discretion

  • D. Span of control

  • E. Lawful use of sworn personnel

Explanation

Question 78 of 92

1

The Kansas City Experiment was regarding:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Crime prediction

  • B. Preventative patrol

  • C. Crime Evaluation Tools

  • D. Scientific Evidence

  • E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 79 of 92

1

The military model is well suited for police work

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 80 of 92

1

Span of control means how many suspects an individual police officer can manage at one time

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 81 of 92

1

The United States dual court system is comprised of what two types of courts?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Federal Court and the Supreme Court

  • B. Municipal and Drug Court

  • C. State Court and the State Court of Appeals

  • D. Federal and State Court

  • E. District Court and Courts of Limited Jurisdiction

Explanation

Question 82 of 92

1

An informal hearing place designed to mediate interpersonal disputes without resorting to the more formal arrangements of a criminal trial court is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Wellness Center

  • B. Arbitration Office

  • C. Dispute Resolution Center

  • D. Informal Hearing Office

  • E. Interpersonal Meeting Place

Explanation

Question 83 of 92

1

Which of the following notifies witnesses that they are to appear in court to testify?

Select one of the following:

  • A. A writ

  • B. A bill

  • C. An appeal

  • D. A sentence

  • E. A subpoena

Explanation

Question 84 of 92

1

Which of the following scenarios would most likely to be resolved in a community court?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Lindsay Lohan tried to rob a bank at gunpoint

  • B. Amanda Bynes trying to steal money from her managers company

  • C. Lady Gaga vandalizing homes in her neighborhood

  • D. Charlie Sheen selling alcohol and drugs to minors

  • E. Harry Potter assaulting Bilbo Baggins

Explanation

Question 85 of 92

1

Nolo Contendere means “No plea at this time”

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 86 of 92

1

The money or property pledged to the court or actually deposited with the court to effect the release of a person from legal custody is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. ROR

  • B. Bail

  • C. Forfeiture

  • D. Deposit

  • E. Conditional Release

Explanation

Question 87 of 92

1

The territory, subject matter, or people over which a court or other justice agency may exercise lawful authority, as determined by statue or constitution is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Geographical Area

  • B. Boundary

  • C. District

  • D. Jurisdiction

  • E. Area of responsibility

Explanation

Question 88 of 92

1

The person in the courtroom responsible for sentencing offenders is the?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Prosecutor

  • B. Judge

  • C. Bailiff

  • D. Jury

  • E. Court clerk

Explanation

Question 89 of 92

1

The person in court who argues in favor of a conviction is the?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Judge

  • B. Bailiff

  • C. Defense attorney

  • D. Prosecutor

  • E. Appellate court

Explanation

Question 90 of 92

1

The person in court who tests the strength of prosecution’s case is the?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Prosecutor

  • B. Solicitor

  • C. Defense attorney

  • D. Court officer

  • E. Jury

Explanation

Question 91 of 92

1

A law intended to prevent the pretrial release of criminal defendants judged to represent a danger to others in the community is known as a:

Select one of the following:

  • A. Defense law

  • B. Competency law

  • C. Jurisdictional law

  • D. Safety law

  • E. Danger law

Explanation

Question 92 of 92

1

Which of the following terms refers to the issue of whether the defendant is actually responsible for the crime of which he/she stands accused?

Select one of the following:

  • A. Factual guilt

  • B. Implied guilt

  • C. Legal guilt

  • D. Demonstrated guilt

  • E. Judicial guilt

Explanation

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