Shreya Sehgal
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

8th grade Science Quiz on Science- Test 1- Soil, created by Shreya Sehgal on 16/12/2017.

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Shreya Sehgal
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Science- Test 1- Soil

Question 1 of 100

1

What is the term to match with this definition?
The mechanical and chemical processes that change objects on Earth's surface over time. It is able to break, wear, abrade, and chemically alter rocks.

Select one of the following:

  • erosion

  • weathering

  • deposition

Explanation

Question 2 of 100

1

What is mechanical weathering? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Physical processes naturally break rocks down

  • Rocks can be chemically altered

  • Rocks are broken down into smaller pieces called sediment

Explanation

Question 3 of 100

1

True or False- Sand, silt, and clay make up sediment.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 100

1

What are the largest soil pieces?

Select one of the following:

  • Silt

  • Clay

  • Sand

Explanation

Question 5 of 100

1

What are the smallest soil pieces?

Select one of the following:

  • Clay

  • Sand

  • Silt

Explanation

Question 6 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

forms when weathering breaks rocks down into smaller and smaller pieces.

Explanation

Question 7 of 100

1

How can changing the chemical makeup of the rock affect the rock? Check all that apply

Select one or more of the following:

  • Changing the chemical makeup of the rock doesn't affect it at all

  • Changing the chemical makeup often makes it easier for the rock to break down

  • Changing the chemical makeup of the rock makes it harder to break down the rock

  • Changing the chemical makeup of the rock makes the rock weaker so it will wear easier.

Explanation

Question 8 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

The chemical makeup of a rock is NOT changed by ( mechanical weathering, chemical weathering ).

Explanation

Question 9 of 100

1

The total surface are of something when it is broken into smaller pieces.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    increases
    remains the same
    decreases

Explanation

Question 10 of 100

1

True or False- Surface are is the amount of space outside an object.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 100

1

What are the causes of MECHANICAL weathering? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Thermal Expansion

  • Animal Actions

  • Carbonic Acid

  • Ice Wedging

  • Water

  • Abrasion

  • Oxidation

  • Acid Rain

  • Plant Growth

Explanation

Question 12 of 100

1

What is thermal expansion?

Select one of the following:

  • The temperature of a forest fire causes nearby rocks to expand

  • The heat from fire or a hot summer day causes rocks to burn.

  • The heat from the sun causes rocks to contract and wither, breaking them.

  • The temperature of a forest fire causes rocks to crack

  • both A and D

  • both A and B

Explanation

Question 13 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Another word for ice wedging is .

Explanation

Question 14 of 100

1

What is the process of ice wedging in order?

Select one of the following:

  • 1. Water enters cracks in rocks
    2. Ice expands
    3. Crack widens

  • 1. Water enters cracks in rock
    2. Water freezes when the temperature drops
    3. Ice expands
    4. Crack widens
    5. Repeated freezing and thawing eventually breaks the rock

  • 1. Ice is previously in the rock
    2. Ice breaks the rock
    3. Ice expands.
    4. Freezing and thawing cracks the rock

Explanation

Question 15 of 100

1

What is abrasion? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • The wearing away of rock by friction or impact

  • When rocks bump into each other in a stream or by wind.

  • A mechanical process

  • None of the above

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 16 of 100

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Plant growth is when plants grow in a in the rock. The plant then absorbs from the rock, making it weaker. Then, the roots of the plant get wider, pushing on either side of the crack and breaking it.

Explanation

Question 17 of 100

1

What are animal actions?

Select one of the following:

  • Animals die and decay on rocks, forming organic rocks.

  • Animals burrow through rocks and break it down as they dig.

  • Animals burrowing through the ground create holes and areas where the soil can be exposed to more weathering.

  • A and B

  • B and C

Explanation

Question 18 of 100

1

True or False- The surface area of a rock is important

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 100

1

Carbonic acid is when reacts with carbon dioxide in the air.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    water
    oxygen
    nitrogen
    acid

Explanation

Question 20 of 100

1

What is chemical weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • Water, air, and other substances react with minerals in the rock to change the rock.

  • Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of minerals.

  • A process that beaks down rocks into smaller pieces called sediments. These sediments are not the same chemically.

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 21 of 100

1

True or False- Rocks weather at different rates.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 100

1

True or False- Weathering is slow in cold, dry places.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 100

1

What process hollows out limestone caves?

Select one of the following:

  • Mechanical weathering

  • Chemical weathering

  • Spatial Weathering

  • Cave weathering

Explanation

Question 24 of 100

1

What is weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • A shift in weather patterns

  • A process that breaks rocks down into smaller pieces

  • The process by which mountains are formed

  • A process where the seasons change

Explanation

Question 25 of 100

1

How might a weathered mountain appear different from an unweathered mountain?

Select one of the following:

  • The weathered mountain will appear rounder

  • The weathered mountain will appear taller

  • The weathered mountain would contain fewer trees

  • The weathered mountain would appear more jagged

Explanation

Question 26 of 100

1

How does mechanical weathering differ from chemical weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical weathering is a faster process than mechanical weathering.

  • Chemical weathering occurs in wet climates; Mechanical weathering occurs in dry climates.

  • Chemical weathering is more effective than mechanical weathering.

  • Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of the rock; Mechanical weathering does not.

Explanation

Question 27 of 100

1

What might cause weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • volcanic eruptions

  • acid rain

  • violent earthquakes

  • growing plants and expanding ice

Explanation

Question 28 of 100

1

What impact does weathering have on soil formation?

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical weathering adds helpful chemicals to the soil.

  • Rocks are broken down into sediment which helps make up soil.

  • Ice wedging in mechanical weathering helps add water to the soil when the ice melts.

  • Volcanic eruptions contribute metamorphic rocks to the soil.

Explanation

Question 29 of 100

1

What type of rocks are formed by weathering? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Igneous rocks

  • Sedimentary rocks

  • Metamorphic rocks

  • Slate

Explanation

Question 30 of 100

1

How long does the weathering process take?

Select one of the following:

  • There is not enough information to determine this

  • It varies

  • Years and years

  • 5-7 months

Explanation

Question 31 of 100

1

Carbonic acid is a mixture of..

Select one of the following:

  • water and oxygen

  • water and carbon dioxide

  • chemical pollutants and oxygen

  • carbon dioxide and acids

Explanation

Question 32 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

( Heat, Water, Cold climate ) speeds up chemical reactions

Explanation

Question 33 of 100

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Oxidation is: When combines with other elements or molecules, it causes weathering to occur in a rock. When oxygen combines with iron, it forms -oxide. This is also know as !

Explanation

Question 34 of 100

1

True or False- Similar rocks can weather at different rates.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 100

1

True or False- The climate, or average weather in a region or area, doesn't affect the rate of weathering.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 36 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The rate of weathering depends on and tempreture

Explanation

Question 37 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Weathering often occurs ( fastest, slowest ) in regions near the equator

Explanation

Question 38 of 100

1

True or False-The type of rock affects the rate of weathering

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 100

1

Which of the following is true? Choose the best answer.

Select one of the following:

  • The most easily weathered mineral determines the rate at which the entire rock weathers.

  • The mineral that is the most difficult to weather determines the rate at which the entire rock weathers.

  • The weathering rate is not affected by the minerals in the rock.

Explanation

Question 40 of 100

1

True or False- Low hardness- harder to weather

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

The size and the ( number of holes, shape, amount of dirt ) in the rock affects the rate at which the rock weathers.

Explanation

Question 42 of 100

1

Fill in the blank. ____________ in the air can react with rain to make it more acidic.

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen

  • Pollutants

  • Oxygen

  • Water vapor

Explanation

Question 43 of 100

1

How does chemical weathering change rock?

Select one of the following:

  • It breaks down rock into sediments.

  • It physically breaks rocks down.

  • It changes rocks through water, carbonic acid, acid rain, and oxidation.

  • Both A and C

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 44 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Water is known as the universal since so many substances dissolve in water.

Explanation

Question 45 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Carbon dioxide reacts with water in the air. It then sinks into the ( soil, grass, concrete ) to create carbonic acid.

Explanation

Question 46 of 100

1

When pollutants enter the air and react with rain, acid rain is produced. What are some examples of pollutants? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Oxygen

  • Volcanoes

  • Factory smoke

  • Sulfur oxides

  • Nitrogen

Explanation

Question 47 of 100

1

When oxidation occurs, the inside of the rock oxidizes the most and turns red because of it.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 100

1

Is sand formed through mechanical or chemical weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • Mechanical

  • Chemical

  • Both

  • Neither

Explanation

Question 49 of 100

1

Is oxidation a chemical or mechanical process?

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical

  • Mechanical

Explanation

Question 50 of 100

1

How is the pH of a solution measured? (on a scale)

Select one of the following:

  • On a scale of 1-14

  • On a scale of 1-7

  • On a scale of 0-14

  • On a scale of 0-7

Explanation

Question 51 of 100

1

Which mineral dissolves most substances in chemical weathering?

Select one of the following:

  • acid

  • water

  • air

Explanation

Question 52 of 100

1

What is another way to measure pH? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Weather it is Acidic

  • Weather it is Basic

  • Whether it is Nuetral

  • pH is only measured on a scale

Explanation

Question 53 of 100

1

What is the pH of a neutral substance?

Select one of the following:

  • 5

  • 0

  • 1

  • 14

  • 7

  • 8

Explanation

Question 54 of 100

1

What is the pH of normal rain?

Select one of the following:

  • 5

  • 6

  • 4

  • none of the above

  • 7

Explanation

Question 55 of 100

1

True or False- The pH of acid rain is 4.5.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 56 of 100

1

True or False- Normal rain causes more chemical weathering than acid rain does.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 57 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Repeated freezing and breaks rocks apart.

Explanation

Question 58 of 100

1

Which of the following causes abrasion? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Glaciers

  • Wind

  • Waves

  • A strong current in a stream.

Explanation

Question 59 of 100

1

Choose the best, most accurate definition for soil.

Select one of the following:

  • The mixture of weathered rock, rock fragments, decayed organic material, water, and air.

  • The dirt on the ground.

  • The territory of a particular nation.

  • The brown, dirty ground on which we stand upon that farmers plant crops upon so they can grow.

  • Sand, silt, and clay.

Explanation

Question 60 of 100

1

True or False- Half or the volume of soil is solid materials.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 61 of 100

1

What is the organic matter in soil? Choose all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • The remains of animals

  • The remains of plants

  • Humus

  • Litter

  • Sand

  • Silt

  • Clay

Explanation

Question 62 of 100

1

What is Humus?

Select one of the following:

  • The dark organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decay.

  • Leaves twigs and and other material that drops to the soil and piles up.

  • Organic matter that is very nutritious and fertile that supports plant growth.

  • A and B

  • A and C

  • B and C

Explanation

Question 63 of 100

1

True or False- Soil texture is the size of the particles.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 64 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

The ( inorganic, organic ) matter in soil is material that has never been alive. Examples are boulders, gravel, sand, silt, and clay.

Explanation

Question 65 of 100

1

What are pores? Choose the best answer.

Select one of the following:

  • Small openings in the skin

  • Holes and spaces in leaves and litter.

  • Holes in sand, silt, and clay where water and air can pass through

Explanation

Question 66 of 100

1

What is litter? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Leaves and twigs that fall on soil.

  • Trash that people throw on the ground.

  • Organic, nutritious material.

  • Decomposed and decayed plant material.

Explanation

Question 67 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Clay has ( small, big, medium-sized ) pores. Sand has ( big, small, medium-sized ) pores.

Explanation

Question 68 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Soil fertility is the ability for soil to support . (2 words)

Explanation

Question 69 of 100

1

True or False- The more organic material (litter and humus) there is in soil, the more fertile it is.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 70 of 100

1

True or False- Inorganic material is often not very fertile.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 71 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Parent material is also known as .

Explanation

Question 72 of 100

1

What factors affect the rate at which soil forms? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Topography

  • Time

  • Biota

  • Climate

  • Parent material

  • Color

  • Texture

Explanation

Question 73 of 100

1

True or False- Soil horizons are layers of the soil formed from the movement of products weathering.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 74 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The ( B, A, C ) horizon contains clay particles. The ( C, B, A ) horizon is the weathered layer of rock or sediments. The ( A, B, C ) horizon contains organic matter.

Explanation

Question 75 of 100

1

The horizon formed first.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    C
    A
    B

Explanation

Question 76 of 100

1

The horizon formed second.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    A
    B
    C

Explanation

Question 77 of 100

1

The horizon formed last.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    B
    A
    C

Explanation

Question 78 of 100

1

How do scientists classify soil types? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Climate

  • Plants

  • Soil Composition

  • Location

  • Color

Explanation

Question 79 of 100

1

What is loam? Choose the best, most accurate answer.

Select one of the following:

  • Gardening soil

  • A mixture of sand, silt, and clay

  • Decomposed animal material

  • Decayed twigs, leaves, and other plant material

Explanation

Question 80 of 100

1

True or False- Biota is the organisms that live in a region that helps speed up soil formation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 81 of 100

1

Is steep topography good for soil fertility?

Select one of the following:

  • Yes

  • No

  • There is not enough information to determine this.

Explanation

Question 82 of 100

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Climate is the general in an area.

Explanation

Question 83 of 100

1

What are 2 ways that climate is measured?

Select one of the following:

  • Temperature and amount of precipitation.

  • Temperature and wind speed

  • Temperature and natural disasters

Explanation

Question 84 of 100

1

What element is humus especially rich in?

Select one of the following:

  • Oxygen

  • Carbon

  • Nitrogen

Explanation

Question 85 of 100

1

What effects do plants' roots have on rock?

Select one of the following:

  • They break it apart

  • They hold it together

  • They cause it to undergo chemical changes

  • They don't have any effect.

Explanation

Question 86 of 100

1

Which of the following best describes the process of weathering and erosion?

Select one of the following:

  • Rapid

  • Gradual

  • Insignificant

  • Instantaneous

Explanation

Question 87 of 100

1

Which plants are usually the first to live in soil?

Select one of the following:

  • Simple plants

  • Trees

  • Flowers

Explanation

Question 88 of 100

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

(Constructive or Destructive?)
Weathering is a process. Erosion is a process. Deposition is a process.

Explanation

Question 89 of 100

1

What is erosion?

Select one of the following:

  • The removal of weathered material from one location to another.

  • The breaking down of material such as rocks and rock fragments.

  • The laying down or settling of transported material.

Explanation

Question 90 of 100

1

What is deposition?

Select one of the following:

  • The laying down or settling of transported material.

  • The removal of weathered material from one location to another.

  • The breaking down of rocks and rock fragments

Explanation

Question 91 of 100

3

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

(3 points)
A is a C-shaped curve in a stream. A is a crumbly, windblown deposit of silt and clay. A is a large deposit of sediment where a stream enters a large body of water.

Explanation

Question 92 of 100

3

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

(3 points) A can be caused by the rushing water of a young stream. A is a pile of windblown sand. A current flows parallel to the shoreline and erodes beaches.

Explanation

Question 93 of 100

3

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

(3 points)
can cause erosion and create caves. A is formed when waves erode less-resistant rocks along the shoreline. A young stream flows rapidly downhill in mountainous areas.

Explanation

Question 94 of 100

2

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

(2 points)
An stream moves slowly when it reaches flat land. A stream is a result of water reaching gentler slopes.

Explanation

Question 95 of 100

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

( Infiltration, Consistency, Fertility ) describes how quickly water flows through soil.

Explanation

Question 96 of 100

1

True or False- Clay-rich soils allow more water to move through than sandy soils.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 97 of 100

1

What features do land forms that are created by erosion have? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Jagged

  • Flat

  • Sea cliffs

  • Wide valleys

Explanation

Question 98 of 100

1

What are beds?

Select one of the following:

  • Sediment deposited in water that forms layers.

  • The floor of a sea or ocean.

  • Layers of soil on dry land.

Explanation

Question 99 of 100

1

Can deposition take place without erosion?

Select one of the following:

  • Yes

  • No

  • There is not enough information to determine this.

Explanation

Question 100 of 100

1

True or False- Weathering, erosion, and deposition form soil.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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