Plymouth Med
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

This work is based on Temidayo's plenary which I was thankfully given access to

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Plymouth Med
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Conception yr 1: Pathology (a few muscle questions too cuz I'm dumb)

Conception yr 1: Pathology (a few muscle questions too cuz I'm dumb)

Question 1 of 33

1

Which is not part of the spermatic cord's contents?

Select one of the following:

  • Cremasteric Artery

  • Ductus Deferens

  • Artery of the Ductus Deferens

  • Pampiniform Plexus

  • Lymphatic Vessels

  • Genitofemoral Nerve (Genital Branch)

  • Testicular Artery

  • Parasympathetic Nerve fibers

  • Sympathetic nerve fibers

  • Cremasteric Muscle

Explanation

Question 2 of 33

1

What is true regarding descent of the gonads?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Originally from level T10

  • Pulled down by ligamentous cord gubernaculum

  • Bring along blood supply, nerves, and lymphatics

  • In women Gubernaculum becomes the round ligament of the uterus

  • In women gubernaculum becomes ligament of ovary proper

  • In men, the gubernaculum disintegrates

  • In men, part of the gubernaculum becomes the scrotal ligament that "anchors" the scrotum in place outside the body

  • Originally from Level L4

  • Descent happens early--middle pregnancy

  • Descent happens in late pregnancy/early birth

Explanation

Question 3 of 33

1

What is of clinical importance of varicocele?

Select one or more of the following:

  • sometime chronic pain

  • acute pain

  • "Bag of worms" appearance

  • testicular blood supply is blocked

  • testicular veins widen due to dysfunctioning

  • can affect fertility/potency

  • irreversible damage

  • may have swelling

  • extreme pain

  • usually unpainful

Explanation

Question 4 of 33

1

What is the clinical importance of hydrocele?

Select one or more of the following:

  • "transilluminate" test

  • painful swelling

  • painless swelling

  • excess fluid accumulate around testis

  • fluid escapes tunica albuginea

  • fluid escapes tunica vaginalis

  • can affect fertility/potency

Explanation

Question 5 of 33

1

Which are layers of the scrotum

Select one or more of the following:

  • Skin

  • Dartos Fascia

  • External Spermatic Fascia

  • Cremaster fascia

  • Dartos Muscle

  • Internal Spermatic Fascia

  • Tunica Albuginea

  • Tunica Vaginalis

  • Corpus Cavernosum

  • Ischiocavernous muscle

Explanation

Question 6 of 33

1

What does the Cloaca give rise to?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Genital tubercle

  • Urethral folds

  • Anal Fold

  • Genital Swelling

  • External Genitalia

  • Uterus

  • Bladder

  • Prostate

Explanation

Question 7 of 33

1

What are the symptoms characteristic of Hypospadias?

Select one or more of the following:

  • multiple urethral openings on ventral side

  • multiple urethral openings on dorsal side

  • abnormal urination

  • apyrexial

  • high fevers

  • normal vital signs

  • highly visible swelling

Explanation

Question 8 of 33

1

What is sensitivity?

Select one of the following:

  • How likely to give true positives

  • How likely not to give false negatives

  • How likely not to give false positives

  • How likely to give false negatives

Explanation

Question 9 of 33

1

What is the probability of correctly identifying a non-diseased person?

Select one of the following:

  • Sensitivity

  • Specifity

  • Likelihood

Explanation

Question 10 of 33

1

Positive predictive values tell us how likely we are to get the disease

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 33

1

Negative predictive value is how likely patient does not have the condition

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 33

1

What are the defining characteristics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? (POS)

Select one of the following:

  • Hyperandrogenism (high testosterone) and anovulation

  • Dysmennorea

  • Painful abdomen

  • Increased surge of estrogens

Explanation

Question 13 of 33

1

Diagnosis requirements of PCOS?

Select one or more of the following:

  • oligo-ovulation or anovulation

  • 12< cysts on ovaries

  • symptoms like hirsutism, alopecia, and acne

  • 20< cysts on ovaries

  • polyovulation

  • dyspareunia

Explanation

Question 14 of 33

1

PCOS can lead to ______________.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Hyperprolactemia

  • Cushing's Syndrome

  • Thyroid Disorder (Hypothyroidism)

  • Androgen-secreting ovarian or adrenal tumors

  • Addison's Disease

  • Diabetes II

  • Heart Disease

Explanation

Question 15 of 33

1

What is endometriosis?

Select one of the following:

  • growth of endometrial tissue elsewhere than the uterine cavity

  • inflammation of the endometrium

  • excessive proliferation of the endometrium

  • Tumor of the endometrium

Explanation

Question 16 of 33

1

Important clinical factors of endometriosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • cyclic or chronic pelvic pain

  • infertility

  • dysmennorea

  • dyspareunia

  • menorrhagia

  • discolored discharge

  • endometrial tissue most commonly in pouch Douglas, pelvic cavity, uterosacral ligaments, and bladder

  • endometrial tissue most commonly in vagina, cervix, and rectum

  • diagnosis using ultrasound (see lesions, cysts, and peritoneal deposits)

  • diagnosis using laporoscopy (see lesions, cysts, and peritoneal deposits)

Explanation

Question 17 of 33

1

Management of endometritis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • asymptomatic: only analgesia if needed

  • goal: promotion of ovulation
    pills promoting LH

  • goal: suppression of ovarian function
    Combined pill or GnRH agonists

  • Give pills to manage stress

  • Surgical removal of endometrial lining of the womb (Laparoscopic endometrial ablation)

  • Surgical alteration of endometrial womb thickness (laparoscopic endometrial retroversion)

  • Only can give analgesics because cannot cure

Explanation

Question 18 of 33

1

If post-menopausal bleeding at least 1 year after last period, endometrial carcinoma until proven otherwise.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 33

1

Beta HCG isn't reliable for vaginal bleeds to rule out pregnancy/ectopic pregnancyy

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 33

1

What is PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

Select one of the following:

  • any infection of the womb

  • autoimmune disease of the pelvic bones

  • any infection of the womb and fallopian tubes

Explanation

Question 21 of 33

1

What most commonly causes PID (3 answers)?

Select one or more of the following:

  • STI ex: chlamydia

  • Post parturition

  • contraceptive device insertion ex: coil

  • sexual activity

  • hereditary; autosommal recessive

Explanation

Question 22 of 33

1

Most noteworthy symptoms of PID?

Select one or more of the following:

  • pelvic pain/lower abdominal pain

  • fever

  • dyspareunia

  • vaginal discharge

  • post-sex vaginal bleeding

  • vomiting

  • red appearance of tummy and hips

  • inability to walk at all

Explanation

Question 23 of 33

1

Which test is NOT done when investigating PID?

Select one of the following:

  • blood test

  • urine test

  • swabs and culture

  • pregnancy test

  • ultrasound

  • X-ray fluroscopy

Explanation

Question 24 of 33

1

Management of PID?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 2 different types of Antibiotics broad-spectrum (IV if high fever or peritonitis)

  • Avoid intercourse until full healing

  • Remove IUD/ inserted contraceptive devices if severe

  • Refer to GUM clinic if STD

  • Specific antibiotics if cause known

  • Surgical alteration

  • Radiation/ chemotherapy

  • Phototherapy

Explanation

Question 25 of 33

1

Because PID can cause scarring of fallopian tubes and uterus, it can lead to...

Select one or more of the following:

  • reoccurent PID

  • ectopic pregnancies (higher risk)

  • decreased fertility

  • peritonitis

  • hypoxia of uterine tissue

  • widespread septicemia

Explanation

Question 26 of 33

1

What hormone(s) increases after menopause?

Select one of the following:

  • LH

  • FSH

  • LH and FSH

  • LH and estrogen

  • estrogen

  • estrogen and FSH

Explanation

Question 27 of 33

1

What is 2nd trimester?

Select one of the following:

  • wk 0-12

  • wk 13-24

  • 25-36/38

  • wk-30-38

  • wk 20-40

Explanation

Question 28 of 33

1

What pills can induce abortion?

Select one of the following:

  • Mifepristone and Misoprotol

  • Mifepristone

  • Misoprostol

  • Misonefer

  • Misonefer and Mysterin

  • Metaformin

Explanation

Question 29 of 33

1

A skeletal muscle can be innervated by nerves from more than one single spinal cord level

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 33

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

is how the body knows the relative position of our muscles. Specifically, the and This is how we know what our feet are doing or where they are even if they're not visible.

Explanation

Question 31 of 33

1

What are examples of proprioception?

Select one or more of the following:

  • golgi tendon bodies

  • muscle spindles

  • joints sensors

  • skin sensors

  • myotomes

  • dermatomes

  • deep tendon reflex

Explanation

Question 32 of 33

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

force you to relax to prevent muscle overexertion. They also help with movement.

Explanation

Question 33 of 33

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

During low intensity exercise, most of our energy comes from . Once exercise hits % max intensity, most our energy comes from .

Explanation

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