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Clinical Pathoanatomy 2nd exam- Respiratory Pathoanatomy- 3rd Year PMU

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Clinical Pathoanatomy 2nd exam- Respiratory Pathoanatomy- 3rd Year PMU

Question 1 of 60

1

Is it true that in bronchitis the inflamation is rapidly spread over the peribronchial tissue and panbronchiolitisis?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 60

1

Staphylococcal pneumonia frequently occurs in adults

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 60

1

Pyogenic membrane is the most typical structure of the chronic pulmonary abscess:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 60

1

In the first stage of crupous pneumonia the exudate contents leukocytes and fibrin:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 60

1

Acute bronchitis is characterized grossly by edematous hyperemic ulcerated mucosa, covered with mucus, fibrin and pus:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 60

1

Asbestosis is a precancerous condition:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 60

1

What is the outcome of carnification?

Select one of the following:

  • pneumofibrosis

  • recovery

Explanation

Question 8 of 60

1

Cylindrical bronchiectasis can lead to communication between bronchus and pleura

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 60

1

Pulmonary hypertension and chronic pulmonary heart are the main complications of chronic pneumonia:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 60

1

Crupous pneumonia affects typically lower lobes of lungs:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 60

1

Define which of the following gross changes refer to acute bronchitis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • hyperemic and opalescent mucosa

  • catarrhal exudate in the bronchial lumen

  • fibrinous- hemorrhagic exudates

  • peribronchial fibrosis

Explanation

Question 12 of 60

1

What are the typical gross findings in pneumonia, caused by Klebsiella?

Select one or more of the following:

  • mucus appearance of the cut surface

  • necrotic, easily torn cut surface

  • grayish-red color of the cut surface

  • hemorrhagic fluid outflows from the cut surface

Explanation

Question 13 of 60

1

What is the size of the most pathogenic Si02 particles?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1-2mcr

  • 5-mcr

  • 5-8mcr

  • 10mcr

Explanation

Question 14 of 60

1

Combination of which factors can lead to hypostatic bronchopneumonia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • bed rest for a long time in one and the same position

  • activation of the saprophytic lung flora

  • massive viral infection

  • insufficiency of the surfactant

Explanation

Question 15 of 60

1

Which of the following processes can lead to compressive atelectasis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • massive pleural effusion

  • pneumothorax

  • mediastinal tumor

  • tumor of a main bronchus

Explanation

Question 16 of 60

1

Which of the following factors can cause bronchial carcinoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • chronic bronchitis with epithelial metaplasia

  • smoking

  • grippe

  • congenital malformations

Explanation

Question 17 of 60

1

What is the pleural and pericardial exudate in Iymphogenic invasion of the lung carcinoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • fibrinous

  • purulent

  • hemorrhagic

  • no changes

Explanation

Question 18 of 60

1

Which gross changes are typical for senile emphysema?

Select one or more of the following:

  • dilated lungs with increased volume

  • air bubbles on the lung surface

  • decreased in size lungs collapsed to the hilus

  • relaxed lungs with decreased density

Explanation

Question 19 of 60

1

Which are the typical histological elements of grey hepatisation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • erythrocytes

  • leucocytes

  • fibrin

  • lymphocytes

Explanation

Question 20 of 60

1

Which are the complications of bronchial cancer?

Select one or more of the following:

  • mantle pneumonia

  • brown induration of the lung

  • septicopyemia

  • massive hemorhage

Explanation

Question 21 of 60

1

Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis, which is due to inhalation of particles of

Select one or more of the following:

  • SiO2

  • asbestos

  • coal dust

Explanation

Question 22 of 60

1

Macroscopic forms of lung carcinoma are:

Select one or more of the following:

  • massive hilus nodule

  • large peripheral nodule

  • pneumnic form

  • tumor of Pancoast-Tobias

Explanation

Question 23 of 60

1

Which diseases can lead to chronic pulmonary heart:

Select one or more of the following:

  • viral pneumonia

  • acute bacterial pneumonia

  • chronic obstructive emphysema

  • silicosis

Explanation

Question 24 of 60

1

Which diseases can lead topneumosclerosis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • pneumoconiosis

  • carnification

  • total obstruction of bronchus

  • partial obstruction of bronchus

Explanation

Question 25 of 60

1

Which of the following gross changes are typical for focal pneumonia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • affection of entire lobe

  • 1 cm sized foci with pale greyish color

  • varicolored thickened cut surface

  • 2cm sized peripheral thick greyish-white nodule

Explanation

Question 26 of 60

1

The autopsy of 54-years old man revealed whitish thick mass, attached to the left upper segmental bronchus, with dispersion on the smaller bronchi. Pulmonary parenchyma was thickened and opalescent liquid outflowed from the cut surface. Set the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • bronchial carcinoma

  • mantle pneumonia

  • gangrene of the lungs

  • pneumofibrosis

Explanation

Question 27 of 60

1

Radiography of a 46- years old man showed peripheral lesion in the left upper lung lobe. He complained of headache and dizziness. The autopsy revealed tumor mass in the left upper lung lobe and metastases in the hilus lymph nodes. Mucus- purulent plugs were seen on the cut surface. Multiple pinkish- white nodules were found in the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres. Set the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • bronchial carcinoma

  • brain metastases of lung carcinoma

  • hydatide cyst of the lung

  • silicosis

Explanation

Question 28 of 60

1

The autopsy revealed large easily torn greenish lung area with an unpleasant odor, surrounded by areas with atelectasis. Histologically was revealed necrosis with many microorganisms. There was no inflammatory reaction. Set the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • emphysema

  • lung carcinoma

  • lung abscess

  • gangrene of the lung

Explanation

Question 29 of 60

1

The autopsy revealed bilateral pleural adhesions, cylindrical sacciform bronchiectasis, 4 small abscesses in right lower lung lobe, pneumofibrosis. Set the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • bronchiectatic disease

  • staphylococcal pneumonia

  • gangrene of lung

  • abscess of lung

Explanation

Question 30 of 60

1

The autopsy revealed diffuse bronchiectasis; pneumosclerosis and pleural adhesions, pulmonary heart and congestion in the internal organs; edema of leptomeninges. Brain, liver, spleen and suprarenal glandsare thickened. Kidneys- enlarged with waxy density, pale extended cortex and dark pyramids. What was the complication of the main disease:

Select one of the following:

  • secondary amyloidosis

  • brown induration of the lungs

  • glomerulonephritis

  • pyelonephritis

Explanation

Question 31 of 60

1

Do we often encounter Staphylococcal pneumonia in adults?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 32 of 60

1

Do we observe microscopically leukocytes and fibrin in the exudate in the 1st stage of croupous pneumonia?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 60

1

Will you consider chronic pneumonia if at the autopsy you find: emphysema, atelectasis, pneumofibrosis, bronchiectasis and fresh inflammatory foci?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 60

1

Is the pulmonary abscess a possible complication of the Streptococcal pneumonia?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 60

1

Can hypostatic pneumonia develop in congenital anomalies of the bronchial tree?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 36 of 60

1

ls interstitial emphysema commonly found?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 37 of 60

1

Does the pleura, lying upon the involved lung lobe in croupous pneumonia, react to the inflammation?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 60

1

ls asbestosis considered as a precancerous condition?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 60

1

Can Silicosis be complicated by tuberculosis?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 60

1

The most common localization of lung carcinoma is in the periphery.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 60

1

Point out the false statement in the following histological description of viral pneumonia:

Select one or more of the following:

  • productive inflammation in the bronchial mucosa

  • productive inflammation in the interstitium

  • giant cells

  • leukocytic infiltration

Explanation

Question 42 of 60

1

Determine me pathological process in the pulmonary parenchyma, when you take into consideration the microscopic description- necrotic focus, detritus, a layer of leukocytes and macrophages:

Select one or more of the following:

  • acute pulmonary abscess

  • chronic pulmonary abscess

  • bronchiectasis

  • lung carcinoma with necrosis

Explanation

Question 43 of 60

1

The following histological phenomena can be found in chronic bronchitis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • hyperplasia of mucinous glands

  • inflammatory infiltration by lymphocytes and plasma cells

  • hypertrophied muscle fibers and torn elastic fibers

  • squamous cell metaplasia of the epithelium

Explanation

Question 44 of 60

1

The muscle layer of the bronchial wall in bronchial asthma is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • atrophic

  • hypertrophic

  • replaced by fibrous tissue

  • with squamous cell metaplasia of the epithelium

Explanation

Question 45 of 60

1

Determine which of the following changes can be observed in acute bronchitis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • hyperemia of the mucosa

  • desquamation of the epithelium

  • infiltration of the mucosa by leukocytes and macrophages

  • infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells and single leukocytes

Explanation

Question 46 of 60

1

Define the pathological process in pulmonary abscess:

Select one or more of the following:

  • limited purulent inflammation of the lung

  • development of mature fibrous tissue

  • recurrent inflamatory process

  • cystic formation, caused by Echinococcus

Explanation

Question 47 of 60

1

Point out the diseases, which can lead to atelectasis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • obstruction of a bronchus

  • dilation of a bronchus

  • lung edema

  • outer compression of the lung

Explanation

Question 48 of 60

1

The following complications can occur in bronchial carcinoma:

Select one or more of the following:

  • atelectasis

  • recurring pneumonias

  • brown induration of the lungs

  • septicopyemia

Explanation

Question 49 of 60

1

Point out the characteristic changes in silicosis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • whirl-like collagen fibers

  • irregularly situated collagen fibers

  • central caseous necrosis

  • multiple coniophages around the nodule

Explanation

Question 50 of 60

1

Point out the characteristic gross changes in chronic obstructive emphysema:

Select one or more of the following:

  • lungs smaller in size and shrunk towards the hilum

  • lungs with increased volume

  • firmer consistency of the lungs

  • diminished elasticity and soft consistency

Explanation

Question 51 of 60

1

Which of the following pulmonary changes are complications of crupous pneumonia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • abscess

  • chronic pneumonia

  • gangrene

  • brown induration of the lungs

Explanation

Question 52 of 60

1

Which of the following are complications of bronchiectasis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • chronic hepatitis

  • secondary amyloidosis

  • septicopyemia

  • chronic corpulmonale

Explanation

Question 53 of 60

1

Hypostatic bronchopneumonia develops in combination of the some of the following factors:

Select one or more of the following:

  • surfactant insufficiency

  • activation of the saprophytes in the lungs

  • massive viral infection

  • in bedridden patients

Explanation

Question 54 of 60

1

Which size of Silicon dioxide dust particles possesses the strongest disease-causing potential:

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1-2microns

  • 5microns

  • 5-8microns

  • 10-15microns

Explanation

Question 55 of 60

1

Point out the most common histological types of lung carcinoma:

Select one or more of the following:

  • squamous cell

  • adenocarcinoma

  • undifferentiated small cell carcinoma

  • leiomyosarcoma

Explanation

Question 56 of 60

1

The cut surface of the whole lower lobe of the right lung of a 48 yrs old deceased man, is firm, finely granular, greyish and dry. The pleura is covered by a fine greyish exudate. Histologically, the alveoli and alveolar ducts are filled by a thick mixture of fibrin and leukocytes. What is the correct pathologic-anatomical dlagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • croupous pneumonia in state of grey hepatization

  • croupous pneumonia in state of resorption

  • pneumocystic pneumonia

  • chronic pulmonary abscess

Explanation

Question 57 of 60

1

At the autopsy of a 67yrs old man, the lungs are enlarged, filling the thorax, overlying the heart, with soft consistency. There are several air-filled bubbles, sizes- 0.2-3cm. What is the gross pathologic-anatomical diagnosis

Select one of the following:

  • silicosis

  • tuberculosis

  • bronchiectasis

  • chronic diffuse obstructive emphysema

Explanation

Question 58 of 60

1

In a 57-yrs old man, who is cachectic, smoker, a tumor formation is seen in the upper lobe of the right lung, having a whitish colour, granular structure, with necrosis. The pleura is covered in small, firm nodules. Hemorrhagic pleuritis and pericarditis are also found. The hilum and mediastlnal lymph nodes are enlarged with a whitish color. What is the correct gross diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • lung carcinoma

  • lung carcinoma with metastases

  • tuberculosis

  • bronchiectasis

Explanation

Question 59 of 60

1

At an autopsy, large portion of one of the lungs is teary, greyish-green, with a foul smell. The surrounding areas are atelectatic. Histologically, there is seen necrosis with abundance of microorganisms. There is no inflamatory reaction. What is the diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • emphysema

  • lung carcinoma

  • abcess of the lung

  • lung gangrene

Explanation

Question 60 of 60

1

At an autopsy, there are found bilateral pleural adhesions, cylindrical and sacciform bronchiectasis. There are also seen four small abscesses in the lower right lung, pneumofibrosis. What is the diagnosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • bronchiectatic disease

  • staphylococcal pneumonia

  • gangrene of the lung

  • abscess of the lung

Explanation

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