Sarah Nichols
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Abnormal Psychology Quiz on Abnormal Psychology Final Exam (Ch. 5-8; 11-15), created by Sarah Nichols on 28/04/2018.

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Abnormal Psychology Final Exam (Ch. 5-8; 11-15)

Question 1 of 50

1

Marcus has been suffering from panic attacks in recent months. When he goes to his physician to find out what may be causing them, which of the following would be the most immediate question that his doctor might ask?

Select one of the following:

  • Have you ever suffered from alcoholism?

  • Have you ever suffered from schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder?

  • Have you recently had any surgeries?

  • Do you smoke cigarettes on a regular basis?

Explanation

Question 2 of 50

1

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for why a full three-quarters of people diagnosed with agoraphobia are women?

Select one of the following:

  • Hormonal differences

  • Cultural explanations

  • Evolutionary effects

  • Neurotransmitter differences

Explanation

Question 3 of 50

1

Which of the following individuals might be the most likely to suffer from a condition called susto?

Select one of the following:

  • Ajebola, an 18-year old woman who lives in Nigeria

  • Ahna, a 62-year old Inuit woman who lives in Alaska

  • Ashook, a 42-year old man who lives in Iran

  • Angel, a 32-year old man who lives in Guatemala

Explanation

Question 4 of 50

1

Which of the following is a likely explanation for why isolated sleep paralysis occurs?

Select one of the following:

  • REM sleep is spilling over into the waking cycle

  • The person is experiencing a narcoleptic episode but it comes on during sleep rather than during wakefulness

  • Blood pressure drops during REM cycles, leaving a person unable to fully awaken

  • Sleep paralysis is really a symptom of night terror disorder, and thus the person is having multiple issues taking place at one time

Explanation

Question 5 of 50

1

According to your authors, almost everyone agrees that ________ is an essential and necessary part of treatment for specific phobias.

Select one of the following:

  • SSRI medications

  • structured and consistent exposure-based exercises

  • play therapy

  • in-vivo flooding

Explanation

Question 6 of 50

1

Mario lives in the United States, and has recently been dealing with an unusual symptom of an anxiety disorder called olfactory reference syndrome. Which of the following problems is Mario facing?

Select one of the following:

  • He is afraid that his genitals are receding into his body

  • He feels that he is smelling things, like burning flesh, that others cannot detect

  • He worries that he is offending others with his body odor

  • He worries that he will, at any moment, blurt out an inappropriate or profane verbalization

Explanation

Question 7 of 50

1

What is the primary difference between acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Select one of the following:

  • ASD is diagnosed when the person suffers from 3 of a list of 10 symptoms, while PTSD is diagnosed when that person suffers from 6 or more of those 10 symptoms

  • ASD is diagnosed within the first month after the traumatic event, while PTSD is diagnosed if the symptoms last or appear more than one month later

  • ASD is diagnosed when traumatic event is physical, while PTSD is diagnosed when the traumatic even it psychological

  • ASD is diagnosed when the symptoms show up in a person under 18 years of age, while PTSD is diagnosed in people over that age

Explanation

Question 8 of 50

1

Why is it that the diagnostic criteria related to "tension relief" were removed from the DSM-5 definitions of skin picking disorder and trichotillomania?

Select one of the following:

  • Because a substantial number of people who engage in these behaviors do not do so to relieve tension or experience tension relief

  • Because the neural mechanisms that deal with tension (located in the amygdala) are distinct from those that control compulsive hair pulling or skin picking behaviors (located in the central sulcus)

  • Because both of these disorders were removed from the DSM-5 and collapsed into the more general "physical idiosyncratic behavior disorder" diagnosis

  • Because a majority of people who engage in such actions actually experience a significant increase in tension as a result of these behaviors

Explanation

Question 9 of 50

1

Jane has a constant worry about getting sick even though she does not have any immediate symptoms. Whenever there is a new story about a new bug of an outbreak of some virus like the flu, she finds herself feeling very worried about getting the latest sickness. If she gets a mild symptom like a runny nose or a small rash, she is immediately convinced that she is developing a serious illness. Jane would be best diagnosed with

Select one of the following:

  • psychological factors affecting medical condition

  • dissociative somatization

  • illness anxiety disorder

  • somatic symptom disorder

Explanation

Question 10 of 50

1

With regard to a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder, men are

Select one of the following:

  • equally as likely as women to be diagnosed

  • more likely than women to be diagnosed during middle to late adulthood but more likely than women to be diagnosed during teen years and early adulthood

  • more likely than women to be diagnosed

  • less likely than women to be diagnosed

Explanation

Question 11 of 50

1

Research has suggested a connection between somatic symptom disorder and ________ personality disorder that lies in a neurobiologically shared disinhibition syndrome characterized by impulsive behavior.

Select one of the following:

  • avoidant

  • borderline

  • histrionic

  • antisocial

Explanation

Question 12 of 50

1

A person experiencing a conversion symptom called globus hystericus would experience which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Feeling a lump in the throat that interferes with swallowing, eating, or talking

  • Ability to identify everything in the visual field even though the patient reports that she is blind

  • Ability to see some bright objects when calm but suffering complete loss of sight during a stressful period or emergency

  • An absence of concern with a perceived significant loss of some psychological function

Explanation

Question 13 of 50

1

In which of the following countries would the experience of a dissociative trance be seen as inconsistent with cultural norms and expectations?

Select one of the following:

  • Denmark

  • Thailand

  • India

  • Nigeria

Explanation

Question 14 of 50

1

Which of the following statements is true about dissociative identity disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • The form that the disorder takes differs substantially over the lifespan

  • The frequency of switching increases with age

  • Once established, the disorder usually resolves on its own without treatment in an average of 3 to 4 years

  • For prevalence rates, the ratio of females to males is approximately 9 to 1

Explanation

Question 15 of 50

1

Dora has agreed to go skydiving with her boyfriend to help him celebrate his 30th birthday, but she is absolutely terrified to do so. The morning of the big jump she wakes up and reports that she cannot feel or move her feet. She is upset by this, and her boyfriend takes her to the hospital. Doctors in the emergency room cannot find anything physically wrong with her. After the time for the sky-dive has passed, Dora's feeling of her feet seems to return without explanation. This could be an example of _______________.

Select one of the following:

  • illness anxiety disorder

  • conversion disorder

  • somatic symptom disorder

  • dissociative disorder

Explanation

Question 16 of 50

1

Which of the following is TRUE about a hypomanic manic episode?

Select one of the following:

  • It always causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning

  • It needs only last 2 days to "qualify" as an official episode

  • It is not actually involved in the diagnosis of a specific mood disorder

  • It is not necessarily problematic

Explanation

Question 17 of 50

1

In very severe cases of major depressive disorder where the symptoms last for ___ years or longer, approximately 38% of patients can be expected to eventually recover.

Select one of the following:

  • 5

  • 10

  • 2

  • 7

Explanation

Question 18 of 50

1

Suicide associated with bipolar disorder is most likely to occur when the symptoms

Select one of the following:

  • are of the rapid-cycling type

  • fit the pattern of bipolar II disorder

  • fit the pattern for cyclothymia

  • are not of the rapid-cycling type

Explanation

Question 19 of 50

1

Of the two forms of unipolar depression (major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder), the lifetime prevalence for both combined is about ___ percent of the general population.

Select one of the following:

  • 6.2

  • 8.6

  • 1

  • 3.5

Explanation

Question 20 of 50

1

Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "________" hypothesis, which states that when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.

Select one of the following:

  • lock-and-key

  • pathoneurosis

  • incompatibility

  • permissive

Explanation

Question 21 of 50

1

________ theory that people become anxious and depressed because they believe that they have no control over the stress in their lives is called the learned helplessness theory.

Select one of the following:

  • Aaron Beck's

  • Carl Rogers'

  • Martin Seligman's

  • Albert Ellis'

Explanation

Question 22 of 50

1

Professor Davidson conducts his Social Philosophy class during the fall semester, and at the end of the term he is reviewing the evaluations he received from his students. Of the 30 students in his class two of them gave him negative evaluations, three of them gave neutral assessments, and 25 of them raved about how wonderful the class was. Professor Davidson completely disregards the 25 good and 3 neutral reports, and focuses only on the 2 negative ones. When he is done is feeling very unhappy and is sure that the class would be considered a failure. According to Aaron Beck, Professor Davidson is engaging in a cognitive error called ________.

Select one of the following:

  • catastrophizing

  • overgeneralization

  • sublimation

  • arbitrary inference

Explanation

Question 23 of 50

1

The antidepressant medications known as tricyclics include all but which of the following drugs?

Select one of the following:

  • Imipramine

  • Zoloft

  • Elavil

  • Trofanil

Explanation

Question 24 of 50

1

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) focuses on resolving problems in existing relationships and learning to form new interpersonal relationships. It is highly structured and rarely takes more than ______ sessions.

Select one of the following:

  • 10 to 12

  • 5 to 7

  • 25 to 30

  • 15 to 20

Explanation

Question 25 of 50

1

Why is suicide such a significant problem in Native Americans as opposed to other racial/ethnic groups?

Select one of the following:

  • Because the connection Native Americans have to their spiritual past makes suicide a more socially acceptable option

  • Because Native Americans place a high premium on their honor, and suicide is seen as a necessary action when a family's honor has been lost

  • Because Native Americans believe that self-inflicted death is viewed as preferable to death due to illness or disease, and is regarded as an admirable act

  • Because of the high rate of depression in Native Americans

Explanation

Question 26 of 50

1

A condition called Korsakoff syndrome is sometime seen in those who suffer from chronic alcoholism, and involves confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech. It is caused by a deficiency in which vitamin?

Select one of the following:

  • riboflavin

  • B-12

  • thiamine

  • calcium

Explanation

Question 27 of 50

1

A research study of 6,000 lifetime drinkers (DeWitt, et al., 2000) found that drinking at an early age of ________ was predictive of later alcohol-related disorders.

Select one of the following:

  • 6-9

  • 9-11

  • 14-16

  • 11-14

Explanation

Question 28 of 50

1

Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a barbiturate?

Select one of the following:

  • Seconal

  • Amytal

  • Nembutal

  • Ativan

Explanation

Question 29 of 50

1

Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a barbiturate?

Select one of the following:

  • Glutamates

  • Beta-endorphins

  • Dynorphins

  • Enkaphalins

Explanation

Question 30 of 50

1

Of the following drugs, one is not considered to be an amphetamine that is on a small but feared growing list of similar substances. Which one is it?

Select one of the following:

  • Eve (MDEA)

  • Ecstasy (MDMA)

  • Nexus (BDMEA)

  • Ketamine (Special K or Cat Valium)

Explanation

Question 31 of 50

1

Victor has suffered from a substance-related disorder for many years, and has finally decided to seek treatment to kick his habit. As part of his counseling, Victor and his therapist select the behaviors that are unhealthy and need to change, and decide on what rewards Victor will earn by making those changes. Their plan is very clear and very simple, and there is no room for misinterpretation. Victor and his counselor are employing ________ as part of his treatment.

Select one of the following:

  • relapse prevention

  • contingency management

  • systematic desensitization

  • aversive counterconditioning

Explanation

Question 32 of 50

1

Of the following individuals, which would be the most likely to score low on the openness to experience factor in the five-factor model of personality?

Select one of the following:

  • A man from the Netherlands

  • A man from Austria

  • A man from Malaysia

  • A man from Switzerland

Explanation

Question 33 of 50

1

Which of the following is true about psychopaths?

Select one of the following:

  • Their behavioral problems usually do not emerge until late adolescence or early adulthood

  • Contrary to popular belief, those with psychopathy are actually less likely to have a parent with psychopathic tendencies

  • Most folks with psychopathy have a very difficult time functioning in society and they rarely have high-status occupations

  • Psychopaths with a higher IQ are less likely to develop more serious problem, or at least are less likely to get caught for delinquent behavior

Explanation

Question 34 of 50

1

According to your authors, the genetic contribution to the development of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder appears to be

Select one of the following:

  • moderate

  • weak

  • strong

  • nonexistent

Explanation

Question 35 of 50

1

Which of the following individuals coined the term dementia praecox, which meant "premature loss of mind?"

Select one of the following:

  • Phillipe Pinel

  • Eugen Bleuler

  • Emil Kraepelin

  • Sigmund Freud

Explanation

Question 36 of 50

1

Patrice believes that although she is speaking and is aware of herself, she is really dead. She is not able to explain how she continues to exist even though she is deceased, but she maintains this belief even in the face of tremendous evidence that she is wrong. Patrice is experiencing _______________ syndrome.

Select one of the following:

  • Barlow's

  • Durand's

  • Capgras

  • Cotard's

Explanation

Question 37 of 50

1

Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia involves mimicking another person's speech?

Select one of the following:

  • clang associations

  • selective mutism

  • echolalia

  • echopraxia

Explanation

Question 38 of 50

1

Which of the following statements regarding schizophrenia is accurate?

Select one of the following:

  • Women with schizophrenia have a poorer prognosis than men with schizophrenia

  • The lifetime prevalence rate of schizophrenia worldwide is 3%

  • The frequency of early life schizophrenia is higher for women, while the frequency of later life onset of symptoms is higher for men

  • Life expectancy is less than average due to suicides and accidents

Explanation

Question 39 of 50

1

In regard to cultural differences in "expressed emotion," which is thought to be positively correlated with schizophrenia, research has found that _________ families have the lowest percentage of expressed emotion.

Select one of the following:

  • Anglo-American

  • British

  • Indian

  • Mexican

Explanation

Question 40 of 50

1

Which of the following side-effects of antipsychotic medications involves involuntary chewing, puffing of the cheeks, and a protruding tongue?

Select one of the following:

  • Tardive dyskinesia

  • Neurofibromatosis

  • Apophenia

  • Arganulocytosis

Explanation

Question 41 of 50

1

With regard to different geographic regions and the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which of the following is an accurate statement?

Select one of the following:

  • The prevalence of ADHD in children is about 5.2% across all regions of the world

  • Contrary to popular belief, the rate of diagnosis of ADHD in children is highest in Japan and China, where any inattentiveness of impulsivity is regarded as pathological

  • In the United States ADHD is seen more in boys than in girls, but in virtually every other society examined it is seen more in girls than in boys

  • ADHD is seen almost exclusively in North America, including the United States and Canada. For that reason it is considered a "cultural" (or culture-bound) syndrome

Explanation

Question 42 of 50

1

Research into neurological underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has focused on the amygdalae. Which of the following is one suggestion of how the amygdala might be involved in the development of ASD?

Select one of the following:

  • The surface of the amygdala is shriveled and contoured in those with autism spectrum disorder in a way that is not seen in those without ASD

  • The amygdala is separated from the hypothalamus in a pathological way, and thus the response of fear cannot be appropriately connected to the endocrine system

  • The amygdala is shrunken in those with autism spectrum disorder, resulting in an absence of ability to properly process threatening and/or foreign stimuli

  • The amygdala is enlarged causing excessive anxiety and fear and this contributes to the social withdrawal that typifies autism spectrum disorder

Explanation

Question 43 of 50

1

________ communication strategies may include the use of picture books and computer assisted devices that help people with expressive difficulties overcome the frustration of being unable to communicate their thoughts, feelings, and desire to other people.

Select one of the following:

  • Componential

  • Augmentative

  • Adjunctive

  • Prospective

Explanation

Question 44 of 50

1

Which of the following statements about neurocognitive disorder is TRUE?

Select one of the following:

  • The rate of new cases doubles with every 5 years of age after age 75

  • More than 90% of the cases are of the Alzheimer's type

  • Worldwide, the cost of neurocognitive disorder is about $315 trillion per year

  • Globally, one new case of neurocognitive disorder is identified every 30 seconds

Explanation

Question 45 of 50

1

Which of the following statements is FALSE about vascular neurocognitive disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • The prevalence rate is 25% for those over age 80

  • The outcome is similar to that of Alzheimer's disease

  • The prevalence in those between 70 and 75 years of age is about 1.5%

  • The risk for men is slightly higher than women

Explanation

Question 46 of 50

1

The condition called chronic traumatic encephalopathy used to be called ________.

Select one of the following:

  • Korsakoff's syndrome

  • pseudologica fantastica

  • dementia pugilistica

  • Asperger's disorder

Explanation

Question 47 of 50

1

Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease is rarely used due to it's potential to damage the patient's liver?

Select one of the following:

  • Cognex

  • Exelon

  • Aricept

  • Reminyl

Explanation

Question 48 of 50

1

The mental health of caregivers of people with neurocognitive is a topic that warrants very serious investigation. Research finds that approximately ____ percent of such caregivers suffer from clinical depression.

Select one of the following:

  • 40

  • 25

  • 10

  • 70

Explanation

Question 49 of 50

1

Michael has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease after exhibiting several different symptoms. One of them, called ________, involves a slowing down of body movements.

Select one of the following:

  • ischemia

  • catatonic frenzy

  • bradycardia

  • bradykinesia

Explanation

Question 50 of 50

1

Why was the DSM-IV diagnosis of amnestic disorder removed from the DSM-5?

Select one of the following:

  • because it was diagnosed so infrequently that it was not considered a "valid" diagnosis

  • because PET-scan imaging found that the memories that appeared to have been lost were, in fact, still in-tact, and thus amnesia had not occurred

  • it was not distinct from mild neurocognitive disorder, and was "folded into" that diagnosis

  • because it was determined that all such cases are dissociative in nature, and thus were better categorized as dissociative amnesia

Explanation

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