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MMI 133 Quiz on MMI Module Exam Unit 3 and 4, created by jamiec2119 on 01/10/2014.

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MMI Module Exam Unit 3 and 4

Question 1 of 29

1

Which ones are DNA- Containing Viruses?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Herpes simplex

  • Smallpox

  • Adenoviridae

  • HPV

  • Parvoviridae (B-19)

  • Hepatitis B virus

  • Hepatitis A virus

  • Rubella

  • Ebola Virus

  • HIV

Explanation

Question 2 of 29

1

Viruses are living cells

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 29

1

Which of the following statements are correct?

Select one of the following:

  • Viruses can be transferred by mucosal droplets, water, bugs and through the air.

  • They are living cells

  • Viruses are bigger than bacteria

  • They contain special organelles that allow them to self replicate with little to no energy source

Explanation

Question 4 of 29

1

Which attributes do viruses have?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Smaller than bacteria

  • Larger than bacteria

  • Contains DNA or RNA, never both

  • Contains DNA and RNA

  • Few enzymes

  • Contains many ribosomes

  • No ribosomes or enzymes for metabolizing nutrients

  • Contains ribosomes or enzymes for metabolizing nutrients

Explanation

Question 5 of 29

1

A virus floats until it finds a suitable host cell. When it does, it unloads "cargo", machinery that allows the virus to take over the host cell 's resources. The virus then uses the resources to produce identical copies of itself. The clones then leave and look for another host cell.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 29

1

What is a virion?

Select one of the following:

  • An infectious viral particle with nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat

  • A protein that is essential for the virus to replicate itself.

  • Another term for a virus

  • A virus prion

Explanation

Question 7 of 29

1

Capsids are _____ that are made of _____ also known as _____

Select one of the following:

  • Protein coats; capsomeres; protein molecule

  • Protein coats; virions; protein molecules

  • Protein coats; capsomeres; protein chains

  • Outer coat; capsomeres; virions

Explanation

Question 8 of 29

1

What are inserted in envelopes or capsids?

Select one of the following:

  • Glycoproteins or spikes

  • Glyoproteins or glycolipids

  • Virions or spikes

  • Virions or glycoproteins

Explanation

Question 9 of 29

1

What is a Nucleocapsid?

Select one of the following:

  • The complete capsid of a virus.

  • A capsid that is a part of the nucleus

  • An incomplete capsid membrane that surrounds the Nucleic acid

  • They are the complete capsid of a virus made out of nucleic acids

Explanation

Question 10 of 29

1

A bacteriophage is a bacterial macrophage, so it eats good cells and digests its nutrients.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 29

1

HIV is single stranded

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 29

1

If the virus did not take a piece of the original host phospholipid membrane and use that as the membrane, it may form a lipid envelope from the host cells of other cells it has infected

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 29

1

Which of the following statements are not true about bacteriophages?

Select one of the following:

  • They are viruses that infect bacterial cells and can transfer new genes from one bacteria to another

  • They can be used as a tool for genetic engineering

  • They can transfer genes for the production of a toxin

  • They have a host range of animal bacteria.

Explanation

Question 14 of 29

1

What are the events that occur in viral infections?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1) The viral particles' membrane either fuses with the membrane, leaving the capsid to carry the virus into the cytoplasm of the host cell or the viral particle can cross the host cell membrane by pinocytosis

  • 1) The viral particles' membrane can fuse with the membrane due to its affinity for the viral particles receptors, or it can cross it by binding to the sites due to the tropism (cells affinity) for the viral receptors and then being pinocytosed by the host cell

  • 2) DNA Virus: The virus DNA uses the host cells DNA polymerase to replicate itself in the host cell nucleus. Then is uses DNA-dependent DNA polymerase to replicate its genome DNA->DNA then uses reverse transcriptase DNA->RNA->DNA
    RNA Virus: Uses its own RNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase. So it uses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for replication RNA->RNA and then uses reverse transcriptase RNA->DNA

  • 2) DNA Virus: The virus DNA uses the host cells DNA polymerase to replicate itself in the host cell nucleus. Then is uses DNA-dependent DNA polymerase to replicate its genome DNA->DNA then uses reverse transcriptase DNA->RNA->DNA
    RNA Virus: Uses its own RNA polymerase and uses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for replication RNA->RNA and then uses reverse transcriptase RNA->DNA->RNA

  • 3) Association of newly replicated RNA or DNA with newly made viral proteins results in new nucleocapsids. If envelope components are produced and inserted into the host cell plasa membrane, the viral particle then attaches to the plasma membrane and buds through, thus forming an enveloped virus.

  • 3) Newly made viral proteins and newly replicated DNA or RNA nucleic acid form new capsids. An enveloped virus can form if a virus forms all of its viral components, then detaches itself from the host cell and looks for a new host cell to infect. When it successfully finds and infects a new host cell, it takes portions of its plasma membrane to form the envelop for the virus.

Explanation

Question 15 of 29

1

Which description is not a Host-virus interaction?

Select one of the following:

  • Acute or Productive Infection - virus replicates, and produces many virions, the host cell is often killed (lytic infection)

  • Latent Infection - viral genome persists in host cell but does not replicate "provirus"

  • Chronic Infection - Virus replicates without causing host cell lysis (cell rupture) and can persist for long periods of time

  • Persistent Infections - release of viruses does not usually harm the host cell resulting in the host cell producing the virus for long periods of time

Explanation

Question 16 of 29

1

What is the difference between chickenpox (acute) and shingles (latent)?

Select one of the following:

  • Chickenpox has lesions at different stages while shingles has lesions at the same stages

  • Chickenpox has lesions at the same stages while shingles has lesions at different stages

  • Chickenpox has smaller lesions than Shingles

  • Chickenpox has bigger lesions than Shingles

Explanation

Question 17 of 29

1

When viruses "transform" normal host cells to cancer cells these cancer cells are called___

Select one of the following:

  • oncogenic viruses

  • malicious tumour viruses

  • benign tumour viruses

  • transformative viruses

Explanation

Question 18 of 29

1

Patient specimens added to cultured cells and after a period for growth, observed for cytopathic (CPE) effects on the host cells

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 29

1

Syncytia is a CPE that takes the cells in a tissue and a causes them to fuse together so that the membrane becomes high with multiple nuclei. The virus then takes over and uses all the resources and then the cell dies. A giant hole is left where the cell would've been.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 29

1

Identify the incorrect description of prions

Select one of the following:

  • Can cause protein misfolding disease

  • Prions are misfolded proteins that act as infectious agents in susceptible animals

  • Examples: Scrapies, Mad cow disease

  • Examples: Rabies, SARS

Explanation

Question 21 of 29

1

What are the 3 types of parasites?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Protozoa

  • Metazoa

  • Ectoparasites

  • Amoeba

  • Lymphocytes

  • Mesazoa

Explanation

Question 22 of 29

1

Which statement of protozoans are incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Some have a "cyst form". In order to protect itself from inhospitable environments., it forms a thicker outer layer or a "cyst"

  • The growing form in many species called "trophozoite"

  • Cyst form may also be called an "oocyst" in same types of protozoa

  • It is a multicellular organisms

Explanation

Question 23 of 29

1

Which one is not a protozoan

Select one or more of the following:

  • Entamoeba histolytica

  • Giardia lamblia

  • Trichomonas vaginalis

  • Acanthamoeba

  • Cryptosporidium

  • Toxoplasma gondii

  • Trypanosoma

  • Leishmania

  • Plasmodium

  • Enterobius vermicularis

Explanation

Question 24 of 29

1

Nosocomial means it is a hospital acquired infection

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 29

1

Which protozoan has cysts that have a high degree of resistance to chlorine?

Select one of the following:

  • Entamoeba histolytica

  • Giardia lamblia

  • Acanthamoeba

  • Trichomonas vaginalis

Explanation

Question 26 of 29

1

Which protozoan causes high amounts of flatulence, and cysts that are hardy and have high resistance to chlorine?

Select one of the following:

  • Giardia Lamblia

  • Toxoplasma gondii

  • Trypanosoma

  • Schistosoma

Explanation

Question 27 of 29

1

Choose the correct statement about Trichomonas vaginalis.

Select one of the following:

  • There is no cyst stage, it infects person to person through sexual transmission. It is found in the vagina and male urethra and causes intense itching, inflammation of tissues

  • They are roundworms with complete digestive system (this includes a mouth, intestine and anus). There are two categories/types; eggs as the infective stage, larva as the infective stage.

  • It causes malaria and has no current vaccine. There are 4 main types that are transmitted by the mosquito and it carries the sporozoite in the saliva which then enters the blood stream and targets the liver.

  • It is found in domestic cats' feces as oocysts. If another mammal ingests this protozoan, tissue cysts can form. A human can get it from undercooked meat (tissue cysts) or from contact with cat feces (oocysts)

Explanation

Question 28 of 29

1

What are the characteristics of Acanthamoeba sp

Select one or more of the following:

  • Grows in water, exists as cyst form in dust

  • Often found in the eye (important for contact lens wearers)

  • Eye loss outcome of infection

  • Cyst and trophozoite stage in humans

  • Obligate intracellular parasite

  • Immunocompromised people can have severe chronic diarrhea while immune-competent people can have serious diarrhea.

  • high resistance to chlorine

  • About 20 different species cause this disease, all of which are transmitted by sand flies

  • No good treatment

  • Visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous syndromes - caused by different species

Explanation

Question 29 of 29

1

What is the Growing form in a Protozoan called?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Trophozoite

  • Oocyst

  • Cyst

  • Ulcer

Explanation

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