The Brain and the Nervous System

neuron

dendrites

cell body

axon

efferent neurons

afferent neurons

interneurons

glia

myelin

action potential

resting potential

excitation threshold

refractory period

depolarize

propagation

How does the action potential look as it travels along the axon? (Illustration)

all-or-none law

synapse

neurotransmitters

What does "snyaptic transmission" look like? (Illustation)

synaptic reuptake

Dopamine (DA)

Norepinephrine (NE)

Glutamate

Gamma-amino butyric acid
(GABA)

Serotonin

Acetylcholine (ACh)

"Lock-and-key" model of synaptic transmission

agonists

antagonists

What do AGONISTS do? (Illustration)

What do ANTAGONISTS do? (Illustration

blood-brain barrier

endocrine system

hormone

transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS)

electroencephalogram (EEG)

event-related potential (ERP)

CT (computerized tomography) scan

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

PET (positron emission tomography) scan

functional MRI (fMRI) scan

central nervous system (CNS)

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

somatic nervous system (SNS)

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

sympathetic branch

parasympathetic branch

brain stem

cerebellum

cerebral cortex

cerebral hemisphere

frontal lobe

parietal lobe

temporal lobe

occipital lobe

hypothalamus

limbic system

amygdala

hippocampus

lateralization

corpus callosum

projection areas

contralateral control

apraxia

visual agnosia

neglect syndrome

aphasia

prefrontal area

executive control

perseveration

brain plasticity