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Matthew Coulson
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Hydrocephalus lecture given by Dr Ibrahim

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Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson over 6 years ago
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Hydrocephalus

Question 1 of 26 Question 1 of 26

1

What is the mean CSF pressure?

Select one of the following:

  • 5 mmHg

  • 10 mmHg

  • 15 mmHg

Explanation

Question 2 of 26 Question 2 of 26

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

A CSF pressure of greater than ( 15, 20, 10 )mmHg represents an abnormally high pressure.

Explanation

Question 3 of 26 Question 3 of 26

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Most of the CSF in the brain is produced by plexuses

Explanation

Question 4 of 26 Question 4 of 26

1

CSF is for the most part absorbed into the subarachnoid space via

Select one of the following:

  • Dura pillars

  • Arachnoid pillars

  • Dura granulations

  • Arachnoid granulations

  • Dura pillars

Explanation

Question 5 of 26 Question 5 of 26

1

The main role of the CSF in supporting the brain is to reduce its effective ...?

Select one of the following:

  • Weight

  • Size

  • Shape

Explanation

Question 6 of 26 Question 6 of 26

1

A baby with Hydrocephalus may present with which of the following clinical signs? (4 answers)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Bulging eyes

  • Bulging fontanelle

  • Unusually large head

  • Unusually small head

  • Downward looking eyes

  • Thin, shiny scalp with easily visible veins

  • Upward looking eyes

Explanation

Question 7 of 26 Question 7 of 26

1

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Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition of the foetus whereby the ( lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, 4th ventricle, 3rd & 4th ventricles ) become dilated.

Explanation

Question 8 of 26 Question 8 of 26

1

When performing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to drain a hydrocephalus, there is a risk of infection. What should be used within the shunt to prevent this?

Select one of the following:

  • Benzalkonium Chloride

  • Chlorine

  • Triclocarban

  • Iodine

Explanation

Question 9 of 26 Question 9 of 26

1

In children, Hydrocephalus causes the eyes to become fixed in which direction?

Select one of the following:

  • Gazing downwards

  • Gazing upwards

  • Cross eyed

  • Gazing left

  • Gazing right

Explanation

Question 10 of 26 Question 10 of 26

1

What are the three main symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in adults?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Headaches

  • Incontinence

  • Memory decline

  • Ataxia

  • Vomiting

  • Ear ache

Explanation

Question 11 of 26 Question 11 of 26

1

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Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus usually occurs in those ( over 60, under 60 ) and is one of the potentially reversible causes of ( Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease )

Explanation

Question 12 of 26 Question 12 of 26

1

The ataxia associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually related to the ...

Select one of the following:

  • head & necl

  • legs

  • arms

Explanation

Question 13 of 26 Question 13 of 26

1

Of the symptoms associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus, which tends to present first?

Select one of the following:

  • Memory dysfunction

  • Ataxia

  • Urinary incontinence

Explanation

Question 14 of 26 Question 14 of 26

1

For normal pressure hydrocephalus, what is the most widely used method of treatment?

Select one of the following:

  • Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

  • Endoscopic ventriculostomy

  • Lumboperitoneal shunt

Explanation

Question 15 of 26 Question 15 of 26

1

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A 47 year old woman presents to her GP complaining of visual field constriction and headaches. She has a BMI of 31 and a PMH of hypothyroidism. It is likely that she is suffering from ( Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, AIDS )

Explanation

Question 16 of 26 Question 16 of 26

1

A 67 year old woman presents with her daughter, who describes her mother as having had increasing problems with her memory over the past year. She has also developed a urinary incontinence. What condition may be causing her memory problems?

Select one of the following:

  • Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Explanation

Question 17 of 26 Question 17 of 26

1

Which of the following signs would you expect to find on fundoscopy of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

Select one of the following:

  • Papilloedema

  • Micro-haemorrhages

  • Corneal injection

  • Venous engorgement

  • Exudates

Explanation

Question 18 of 26 Question 18 of 26

1

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The standard diagnostic investigation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a measurement of the lumbar pressure. If a lumbar puncture finds the CSF pressure to be over ( 25, 15, 20 )cm CSF, then the condition is very likely.

Explanation

Question 19 of 26 Question 19 of 26

1

Both CT and MRI scans are normal in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and therefore these modes of investigation are not diagnostically useful.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 26 Question 20 of 26

1

In most cases, the main treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is ...

Select one of the following:

  • Diuretics

  • Weight loss

  • Lumbar puncture

  • Venous stenting

Explanation

Question 21 of 26 Question 21 of 26

1

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Orthostatic headache is a medical condition in which a person develops a headache while ( vertical, horizontal ) and the headache is relieved when ( horizontal, vertical )

Explanation

Question 22 of 26 Question 22 of 26

1

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An orthostatic headache is the main symptom of a condition of negative CSF pressure within the brain cavity. This condition is called .

Explanation

Question 23 of 26 Question 23 of 26

1

: Headache relieved by lying horizontally
: Headache exacerbated by lying horizontally

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Meningitis
    Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
    Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
    Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

Explanation

Question 24 of 26 Question 24 of 26

1

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What would the following investigations show in a patient with spontaneous intracranial hypotension?
Lumbar puncture: ( Low CSF pressure, High CSF pressure, Normal CSF pressure )
MRI Head: ( Meningeal enhancement, Ventricular enhancement )

Explanation

Question 25 of 26 Question 25 of 26

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Name the condition: A generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord

Explanation

Question 26 of 26 Question 26 of 26

1

One of the early signs of Syringomyelia is the development of hyperhidrosis. What is this?

Select one of the following:

  • Excessive sweating

  • Excessive urination

  • Excessive saliva production

  • Excessive CSF production

Explanation

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