Matthew Coulson
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Spinal Cord and Root Dysfunction given on 20/09/2018

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Matthew Coulson
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Spinal Cord and Root Dysfunction

Question 1 of 16

1

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Pain/paraesthesia affecting only the legs is likely to have a ( lumbar, cervical, thoracic ) origin
Pain/paraesthesia affecting only the arms is likely to have a ( cervical, lumbar, thoracic ) origin

Explanation

Question 2 of 16

1

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How are reflexes affected by Upper & Lower Motor Neuron Lesions?
Upper Motor Neuron Lesions cause ( brisk, decreased or absent ) reflexes
Lower Motor Neuron Lesions cause ( decreased or absent, brisk ) reflexes

Explanation

Question 3 of 16

1

Clonus is a series of involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions and relaxations. In which type of motor neuron lesions are these present?

Select one of the following:

  • Upper Motor Neuron Lesions

  • Lower Motor Neuron Lesions

Explanation

Question 4 of 16

1

Upper Motor Neuron Lesions cause decreased tone
Lower Motor Neuron Lesions cause increased tone

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 16

1

= Compression, or 'pinching', of the nerve as it leaves the spinal cord
= Compression of the spinal cord itself

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Radiculopathy
    Myelopathy

Explanation

Question 6 of 16

1

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Back pain in the ( Thoracic, Cervical, Lumbar ) area is extremely rare as it is supported by the ( ribcage, sacrum, clavicles ). Therefore, pain in this area is a red flag as it tends to indicate myelopathy.

Explanation

Question 7 of 16

1

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Lumbar ( spinal stenosis, ankylosing spondylitis, disc herniation ) tends to cause claudication which is exacerbated by ( mobilisation, rest ) and relieved by ( bending forwards/walking uphill, ensuring good posture/walking downhill, bending backwards/walking downhill ). Patients with neurogenic claudication tend to feel pain/paraesthesia down the ( back of their thighs, back of their calves ).

Explanation

Question 8 of 16

1

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The presence or absence of which cardiovascular features of the body helps to differentiate neurogenic claudication from vascular claudication?

The presence or absence of the

Explanation

Question 9 of 16

1

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A woman is brought into A&E by her husband complaining of shooting pains in her back and both of her legs. Upon further questioning she admits to being incontinent of urine for the past half day and has had a feeling of numbness between the legs when sitting on the toilet.

This woman likely has Syndrome
This condition warrants an emergency scan

Explanation

Question 10 of 16

1

What are the 4 main red flags for Cauda Equina Syndrome?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Saddle anaesthesia

  • Bilateral leg pain

  • Loss of bowel/bladder function

  • Severe lumbosacral back pain

  • Loss of reflexes

  • Erectile dysfunction

  • Numbness of the outer thighs

  • Severe mid-thoracic back pain

Explanation

Question 11 of 16

1

In terms of back pain, age is only considered a red flag when the patient is under 20 years of age.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 16

1

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A 27 year old woman presents complaining of progressive tingling & numbness in both of her hands that is now causing her to occasionally drop items around the house and at work. She is concerned as this is affecting her work.

This woman is likely to be suffering from a ( Cervical, Lumbar, Thoracic ) ( Myelopathy, Radiculopathy )

Explanation

Question 13 of 16

1

Is cervical myelopathy considered an upper or lower motor neuron lesion?

Select one of the following:

  • Upper motor neuron lesion

  • Lower motor neuron lesion

Explanation

Question 14 of 16

1

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Name the test for Cervical Myelopathy described below:

This test involved the doctor holding the middle finger steady before quickly forcing its flexion at the DIP joint. If, by forcing this motion, the index finger and thumb then also involuntarily flex, there is a positive sign and cervical myelopathy is not ruled out.

This test is called test.

Explanation

Question 15 of 16

1

Cervical Myelopathy can also be indicated by Lhermitte's sign, but what is this?

Select one of the following:

  • Sudden transient electric-like shocks extending down the spine triggered by flexing the head forwards

  • Sudden transient electric-like shocks extending down the spine triggered by extending the head backwards

  • Sudden transient electric-like shocks extending down the spine triggered by rotating the head

Explanation

Question 16 of 16

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The condition characterised by chronic pain following back surgeries is known as syndrome

Explanation

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