Kyle Stefanski
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Biology Quiz on Bio 121 - Chapter Eight, created by Kyle Stefanski on 16/10/2018.

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Kyle Stefanski
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Bio 121 - Chapter Eight

Question 1 of 41

1

__________ provides the raw material for adaptation to local conditions.

Select one of the following:

  • Cloning

  • Biosphere diversity

  • Biophilia

  • Genetic diversity

Explanation

Question 2 of 41

1

Biodiversity is the diversity of life at what level(s) of biological organization?

Select one of the following:

  • species and ecosystem levels

  • genetic, species, and ecosystem levels

  • genetic, species, ecosystem, and biosphere levels

  • species, ecosystem, and biosphere levels

Explanation

Question 3 of 41

1

Which group of organisms is contributes the most species to global biodiversity?

Select one of the following:

  • insects

  • plants

  • mammals

  • fish

Explanation

Question 4 of 41

1

When a species disappears from an area it once occupied, but the species still exists elsewhere, this is called ____________.

Select one of the following:

  • extirpation

  • extermination

  • genetic diversity

  • biodiversity

Explanation

Question 5 of 41

1

T/F - Populations with very little genetic diversity are vulnerable to environmental change because they may lack the ability to adapt to different conditions.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 41

1

When a species declines in number, it also __________.

Select one of the following:

  • occupies less area than it once did

  • spreads out and occupies more area than it once did

  • increases its biodiversity

  • gets taken off of the Red List

Explanation

Question 7 of 41

1

The Endangered Species Act is often a center of controversy because __________.

Select one of the following:

  • landowners are concerned that federal officials will restrict the use of private land if threatened or endangered species are found on it

  • it has not been successful

  • scientists want to classify all species as endangered

  • there are animals listed that are not worth saving

Explanation

Question 8 of 41

1

Conservation biology is different from other fields of science discussed in the book because __________.

Select one of the following:

  • even when the evidence does not support a hypothesis, conservation biologists continue to test that hypothesis until they find evidence to support it

  • it is based only on computer simulations and ignores real-world data

  • it is an applied and goal-oriented science, with implicit values and ethical standards

  • conservation biologists ignore the scientific method

Explanation

Question 9 of 41

1

How is community-based conservation different from more traditional approaches to conservation?

Select one of the following:

  • In community-based conservation, scientists from a wide range of backgrounds are brought together to focus the efforts of an entire scientific community on the problem.

  • In community-based conservation, local people are involved with protecting the habitat of endangered species, allowing them to still gain benefit from its resources.

  • Community-based conservation focuses on protecting plant and animal communities rather than single species.

  • Community-based conservation requires a large community of guards to patrol preserves and keep people out.

Explanation

Question 10 of 41

1

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) tries to prevent the extinction of species by __________.

Select one of the following:

  • establishing biosphere reserves where people and endangered species live side by side

  • using United Nations' troops to hunt down and arrest poachers

  • asking countries to stop the international trade of body parts of endangered species

  • raising endangered species for sale to cut out the market for wild harvested species

Explanation

Question 11 of 41

1

Protected animals, such as tigers, that need large amounts of land ______________.

Select one of the following:

  • Umbrella species

  • biophillia

  • hotspot

  • extinction

Explanation

Question 12 of 41

1

A population differentiating, over time, into a new species is speciation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 41

1

Differences in DNA composition among individuals within a given species is genetic diversity.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 41

1

The connections that human beings subconsciously seek with the rest of life is biophilia.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 41

1

If a conservation biologist wanted to try to stop the largest cause of species extinction, what should he or she focus on?

Select one of the following:

  • hunting

  • habitat destruction

  • water loss and water pollution

  • introduced species

Explanation

Question 16 of 41

1

Species richness is the __________.

Select one of the following:

  • number of species in an area

  • number of species in a taxonomic group (e.g., phylum)

  • value of a species to humans

  • extent to which species in an area differ in number of individuals

Explanation

Question 17 of 41

1

__________ is the gradual piecemeal degradation of an area by such activities as logging and road building.

Select one of the following:

  • Habitat dismemberment

  • Habitat decimation

  • Habitat fragmentation

  • Overharvesting

Explanation

Question 18 of 41

1

More species have been identified and classified in this group than in any other.

Select one of the following:

  • Bacteria

  • Fishes

  • Plants

  • Insects

  • Mammals

Explanation

Question 19 of 41

1

The sixth mass extinction event __________.

Select one of the following:

  • happened billions of years ago as a result of the sun being further away from Earth

  • has not occurred

  • happened millions of years ago and was caused by an asteroid

  • is ongoing and has been caused by human disturbance

Explanation

Question 20 of 41

1

In captive breeding programs, organisms are bred with the intent to __________.

Select one of the following:

  • release them to non-native ecosystems

  • clone them

  • keep them in zoos

  • release them to the wild

Explanation

Question 21 of 41

1

The primary legislation for protecting biodiversity in the United States is the __________.

Select one of the following:

  • Clean Water Act

  • Clean Air Act

  • Occupational Safety and Hazards Act

  • Endangered Species Act

Explanation

Question 22 of 41

1

Which of the following statements about the importance of organisms in an ecosystem is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Small organisms are always the keystone species in an ecosystem, while larger predators are less important.

  • Small organisms are less important than larger predators for the survival of the ecosystem.

  • "Ecosystem engineers" can be as important as keystone species for the survival of the ecosystem.

  • No one species is more important than another in regard to the survival of an ecosystem.

Explanation

Question 23 of 41

1

__________ provide(s) a benefit to humans free of charge.

Select one of the following:

  • Biophilia

  • Ecosystem resilience

  • Conservation

  • Ecosystem services

Explanation

Question 24 of 41

1

Maria loves to be outdoors. She hikes every day in the woods, near the home that she shares with five pets. Maria's lifestyle provides evidence of __________.

Select one of the following:

  • biophobia

  • nature-deficit disorder

  • resilience

  • biophilia

Explanation

Question 25 of 41

1

Which of the following best describes a biodiversity "hotspot"?

Select one of the following:

  • A hotspot is an area near volcanic vents on the ocean floor where the species diversity is high.

  • A hotspot is a region where large numbers of animals are brought together into an enclosure.

  • A hotspot is a region where species diversity is high but threatened by habitat loss.

  • A hotspot is an area where the rate of species extinction is high.

Explanation

Question 26 of 41

1

Which of the following statements about cloning organisms is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Cloning of mammals tends to produce viable organisms that survive to reproductive age.

  • Cloning mammals is a more viable strategy than habitat protection for increasing the biodiversity of species on the earth.

  • Producing cloned animals and keeping them in zoos does not increase biodiversity of the species.

  • Cloning of mammals is not possible.

Explanation

Question 27 of 41

1

__________ is the term we use when a population disappears from a given area but not globally.

Select one of the following:

  • Mass extinction

  • Intinction

  • Extirpation

  • Extinction

Explanation

Question 28 of 41

1

Which of the following is an example of the single greatest cause of species extinction?

Select one of the following:

  • introducing rats, cats, and snakes to islands

  • habitat fragmentation caused by building a road through a forest

  • overfishing of ocean fish

  • heavy metal runoff from a manufacturing plant

Explanation

Question 29 of 41

1

Which of the following types of species would be most vulnerable to overharvesting by people?

Select one of the following:

  • whales

  • frogs

  • rabbits

  • small freshwater fish

Explanation

Question 30 of 41

1

Why can many different species coexist and thrive in areas close to the equator?

Select one of the following:

  • Glaciation events at the equator promote species diversity.

  • Equatorial climatic conditions provide little energy, so species must work together to share what is available.

  • Stable equatorial climatic conditions discourage any one species from dominating the ecosystem and encourage biodiversity.

  • Equatorial climatic conditions favor generalists.

Explanation

Question 31 of 41

1

Biodiversity enhances human food security because it ________.

Select one of the following:

  • increases the number of available pathogens

  • means that there is genetic uniformity

  • decreases the number of predators

  • is a potential source of new food items or new genetic varieties of existing foods

  • reduces the number of pollinators available to any one plant species

Explanation

Question 32 of 41

1

Paleontologists and ecologists agree that ________.

Select one of the following:

  • biodiversity is evenly spread over the earth's biomes

  • more than 99% of all species alive today have been discovered and described

  • extinction is tied exclusively to human activities

  • 99% of all species that have ever existed are now extinct

  • speciation is a major cause of biodiversity loss

Explanation

Question 33 of 41

1

Wildlife in the Serengeti is currently threatened by ________.

Select one of the following:

  • an invasive fish that has been introduced into the major river that flows through the park

  • plans to build a highway that passes through the park

  • pollution from a nearby coal power plant

  • plans to legalize hunting of most of the large animal species in the park

  • an overabundance of elephants

Explanation

Question 34 of 41

1

__________ is the term we use when a population disappears from a given area but not globally.

Select one of the following:

  • Extirpation

  • Mass extinction

  • intinction

  • extinction

Explanation

Question 35 of 41

1

At the end of the __________ period, close to 90% of all species are thought to have gone extinct.

Select one of the following:

  • triassic

  • cretaceous

  • permian

  • cambrian

Explanation

Question 36 of 41

1

__________ provide(s) a benefit to humans free of charge.

Select one of the following:

  • ecosystem services

  • conservation

  • ecosystem resilience

  • biophilia

Explanation

Question 37 of 41

1

The primary legislation for protecting biodiversity in the United States is the __________.

Select one of the following:

  • Occupational Safety and Hazards Act

  • Clean Water Act

  • Clean Air Act

  • Endangered Species Act

Explanation

Question 38 of 41

1

In captive breeding programs, organisms are bred with the intent to __________.

Select one of the following:

  • release them to the wild

  • keep them in zoos

  • release them to non-native ecosystems

  • clone them

Explanation

Question 39 of 41

1

Which of the following approaches does not help protect entire habitats?

Select one of the following:

  • ecological restoration

  • biodiversity hotspots

  • captive breeding

  • expanding parks

Explanation

Question 40 of 41

1

Which of the following is not an environmental law or treaty protecting species or ecosystems?

Select one of the following:

  • The National Environmental Protection Act

  • Convention on Biological Diversity

  • CITES

  • The Endangered Species Act

Explanation

Question 41 of 41

1

Which of the following is not a major threat to biodiversity today?

Select one of the following:

  • climate change

  • invasive species

  • overharvesting

  • captive breeding

Explanation

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