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With reference to carbohydrates explain the difference between a CONDENSATION reaction and HYDROLYSIS
State whether these carbohydrates are mono-, di- or polysaccharides and give each their role in living organisms. State whether each occurs in plants, animals or both: lactose, cellulose, glucose, glycogen
What is are ISOMERS?
What does POLAR mean?
Name the products formed and the type of bond that is broken when a triglyceride is broken down
Suggest why parts of organisms that move, such as seeds, use lipids as an energy store rather than crabohydrates
What is meant by metabolic water?
What is HYDROPHOBIC?
What is HYDROPHILIC?
State two differences between a triglyceride and a phospholipid
Which end of the phospholipid molecule lies to the outside of the membrane?
State through which part of the membrane each of the following passes in order to enter or leave a cell
1) Sodium ion
2) A lipid soluble molecule
List the four bonds present in the tertiary structure of a protein
Classify the following proteins as fibrous or globular: insulin, collagen, keratin, lysozyme (enzyme)
Why is water described as a polar molecule?
State the properties of water which allow the following:
How are insects able to walk on water?
How are fish able to live in a frozen pond?
Why does sweating keep us cool?
Why are the following properties of water important to living organisms?
1) It is a universal solvent
2) It is transparent
What are the two major components of a virus?
What does EXOCYTOSIS mean?
What does PHAGOCYTOSIS mean?
The following are functions of different organelles. Name the organelle in each case:
1) Protein synthesis
2) Producing glycoproteins
3) Producing ATP
4) Produces ribosomes
Name the organelle in each case that possesses the following structures:
1) Cristae
2) Thylakoids
3) Cisternae
What is a CENTRIOLE?
What is PLASMODESMATA?
List three features present in a plant cell, not found in an animal cell
State which of the following is a cell, tissue or organ
Kidney, Epithelium, Muscle, Sperm
What does BIMOLECULAR mean?
What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic proteins found in the cell membrane?
Glucose is water soluble and vitamin A is fat soluble. They both enter a cell by passing across the membrane. Explain how the properties of the molecules and the structure of the membrane determine the way in which these two substances pass across
State two features of the membrane that increase the rate of diffusion
Explain how an increase in temperature affects the rate of diffusion
How does facilitated diffusion differ from diffusion
State one similarity and one difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport
Name two processes that involve active transport
