Kelly Kinsinger
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Quiz on Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Ten Study Guide, created by Kelly Kinsinger on 30/10/2018.

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Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Ten Study Guide

Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Ten Study Guide

Question 1 of 25

1

There are three main considerations that must be made when deciding if an antimicrobial will be a successful choice to control a pathogenic infection. These include all of the following except

Select one of the following:

  • the animal must tolerate high drug concentrations.

  • the antimicrobial must reach the site of infection at appropriate concentrations.

  • the antimicrobial must not cause any adverse effects.

  • the microbe must be susceptible to the medication.

Explanation

Question 2 of 25

1

A dog is being treated for a Staphylococcal infection with an antibiotic that has a MTD that is lower than the laboratory-determined MIC for this drug-pathogen relationship. Should this antimicrobial be used?

Select one of the following:

  • NO

  • YES

  • MAYBE

  • cannot be determined with this limited information

Explanation

Question 3 of 25

1

Which of the following organizations is the division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that is responsible for tracking how bacterial resistance and sensitivity profiles change over time?

Select one of the following:

  • APHIS

  • USGS

  • WHO

  • NARMS

Explanation

Question 4 of 25

1

A strain of E. coli has been exposed to low levels of an antibiotic. The small number of remaining bacteria after this treatment results in a pathogen population that is more resistant to the antibiotic than prior to the treatment. As these bacteria replicate, they pass this resistance profile to their daughter cells. This type of antibiotic resistance transmission is considered

Select one of the following:

  • horizontal transfer.

  • vertical transfer.

  • spontaneous resistance.

  • transposon mediated transfer

Explanation

Question 5 of 25

1

It is important to understand the potential for drug residues when choosing therapies for specific groups of animals. For which of the following animals would drug withdrawal times need to be known?

Select one of the following:

  • standardbred horses.

  • service dogs.

  • alpacas raised for their hair.

  • laying hens.

  • shelter cats.

Explanation

Question 6 of 25

1

It is not recommended to treat animals with bacteriostatic drugs such as tetracyclines while simultaneously treating with bacteriocidal drugs such as penicillin. Why?

Select one of the following:

  • Penicillin only kills active growing bacteria

  • Tetracyclines form toxic compounds when exposed to penicillin

  • Too many bacteria are killed with this combo therapy

  • Tetracycline use results in beta-lactam resistance

Explanation

Question 7 of 25

1

A bacterial strain was tested at the state veterinary diagnostic laboratory and was shown to be resistant to amoxicillin. Of the following, which would be the best choice to use for treating an infection with this bacterial strain?

Select one of the following:

  • Penicillin

  • Clavamox

  • Ceftiofur

  • Ampicillin

  • Enrofloxacin

Explanation

Question 8 of 25

1

Sulfonamides are very wide spectrum antimicrobials that work via disruption of microbial folic acid synthesis. Which of the following statements regarding sulfonamides is not true?

Select one of the following:

  • Sulfonamides are antimicrobials that have been used for many years

  • Sulfonamides are bacteriocidal drugs unless potentiated

  • Sulfonamides are effective against protozoal diseases

  • Some sulfonamides function as anti-inflammatories

  • Sulfonamides are becoming increasingly less effective because of bacterial resistance

Explanation

Question 9 of 25

1

Which of the following drug-adverse effect pairs is incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Penicillin–hypersensitivity

  • Sulfonamides–dry eye

  • Chloramphenicol–elevated red blood cell production

  • Tetracycline–tooth discoloration

  • Tilmicosin–cardiotoxicity

Explanation

Question 10 of 25

1

What drugs, in addition to anti-inflammatories such as glucocorticoids and antibiotics such as the aminoglycosides, are often included in otic preparations for external ear infections in companion animals?

Select one of the following:

  • Osmotic agents such as mannitol

  • Antifungal drugs such as clotrimazole

  • Antiviral drugs such as interferon

  • Bacteriostatic drugs such as florphenicol

Explanation

Question 11 of 25

1

The lowest concentration of a drug needed to inhibit bacterial growth is called:

Select one of the following:

  • minimum incremental concentration.

  • minimum interfering concentration.

  • minimum inhibitory concentration.

  • minimum inhibitory chemical.

Explanation

Question 12 of 25

1

If a drug’s MIC is > MTD

Select one of the following:

  • The bacteria are considered to be susceptible to the drug

  • The drug concentration needed to inhibit the pathogen will not be safe

  • The drug will not be well tolerated

  • The drug will only inhibit the bacterial cycle

Explanation

Question 13 of 25

1

It has been shown that there is a strong correlation between antibiotic use in food animals and

Select one of the following:

  • NARMS has been established by the CDC to monitor levels.

  • antimicrobial resistance.

  • zoonotic bacterial have been introduce.

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 14 of 25

1

When bacteria make physical contact with another bacterium and transfer a plasmid this is called

Select one of the following:

  • binary fission.

  • horizontal transmission.

  • vertical transmission.

  • antibiotic resistance.

Explanation

Question 15 of 25

1

Residue of a drug that can be found in a food product can be dangerous because

Select one of the following:

  • it can lead to selection for resistant bacteria in the intestinal tract of humans.

  • it can cause allergic reactions in the humans that consume or handle it.

  • A and B

  • None of the above are true

Explanation

Question 16 of 25

1

Drugs that target cell wall synthesis are most active against the bacteria’s.

Select one of the following:

  • Division phase

  • Resting phase

  • Spore phase

  • Hyphal phase

Explanation

Question 17 of 25

1

All of the following are penicillins except

Select one of the following:

  • amoxicillin.

  • ampicillin.

  • cloxacillin.

  • gentocillin.

Explanation

Question 18 of 25

1

Beta-lactams can be a good choice for urinary tract infections because

Select one of the following:

  • they are inactivated in urine.

  • they are heavily metabolized in the liver.

  • they pass unmetabolized by passive diffusion across the glomerulus.

  • they are metabolized by the kidney.

Explanation

Question 19 of 25

1

The addition of ____________ and benzathine to penicillin G delays absorption from IM or SC routes.

Select one of the following:

  • procaine

  • K+

  • Na+

  • aqueous

Explanation

Question 20 of 25

1

Tetracyclines are

Select one of the following:

  • bacteriostatic.

  • bacteriocidal.

  • The same as sulfonamides.

  • hydrophobic.

Explanation

Question 21 of 25

1

Which of the following are not considered primary targets for antimicrobial therapies?

Select one of the following:

  • Ribosomal protein production

  • Nucleic acid replication factors

  • Nucleic acid transcription factors

  • Cell membrane

  • Cell wall

Explanation

Question 22 of 25

1

Which of these medications is the odd drug?

Select one of the following:

  • Gentamicin

  • Tulathromycin

  • Streptomycin

  • Kanamycin

  • Amikacin

Explanation

Question 23 of 25

1

Why isn’t gentamicin used to treat bacterial enteritis localized in the colon?

Select one of the following:

  • Because no infectious agents are located in the colon

  • Because the colon is very anaerobic

  • Most enteric diseases aren’t bacterial but instead viral

  • Gentamicin destroys cell membranes, which worsens the enteritis

  • Gentamicin is not a very effective antibiotic for any disease

Explanation

Question 24 of 25

1

Antibiotics such as kanamycin that function by reaching a relatively high serum level are considered ___________-dependent drugs, while those that need to be in the body continuously are considered ____________-dependent drugs.

Select one of the following:

  • serum, tissue

  • bacterial, viral

  • temperature, pressure

  • concentration, time

Explanation

Question 25 of 25

1

A urinary tract infection (UTI) was cultured in the regional veterinary diagnostic laboratory, and MICs were computed based on serial dilution assay. Penicillin had an MIC double the referenced dosage that can be accomplished in the serum. Regardless, the clinician still decided to use penicillin to treat this infection. Why?

Select one of the following:

  • Penicillins reach high levels in the urine

  • Penicillin is cheap

  • Penicillin is the only drug labelled for treatment of UTI

  • All other drugs are excreted through the bile

Explanation

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