Brynna Nguyenton
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Quiz on Limb Development and Integumentary System , created by Brynna Nguyenton on 21/11/2018.

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Brynna Nguyenton
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Limb Development and Integumentary System

Limb Development and Integumentary System

Question 1 of 43

1

Which of the following embryonic layers contribute to the formation of limbs?

Select one or more of the following:

  • ectoderm

  • endoderm

  • mesoderm

  • neural crest cells

Explanation

Question 2 of 43

1

By the ___th week of development, osteogenesis of the long bones begins.

Select one of the following:

  • 4th

  • 5th

  • 6th

  • 7th

Explanation

Question 3 of 43

1

Which of the following statements is true regarding limb development?

Select one of the following:

  • The upper and lower limbs develop along the same timeline

  • The upper limbs begin to develop before the lower limbs

  • The lower limbs begin to develop before the upper limbs

  • The positions of the limbs do not change as the embryo grows

Explanation

Question 4 of 43

1

Which of the following chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes is associated with polydactyly?

Select one of the following:

  • Monosomy X

  • Trisomy 13

  • Trisomy 18

  • Trisomy 21

Explanation

Question 5 of 43

1

All of the following are true regarding Rickets except?

Select one of the following:

  • It can be due to vitamin D deficiency and hypophosphatemia

  • Affected individuals have dental anomalies including hypomineralization of enamel

  • Affected individuals have abnormal appearing bones/limbs aside from just short stature

  • The only mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive

Explanation

Question 6 of 43

1

The limb defect known as ________, also called lobster-claw deformity or forked hand is associated with a type of congenital ectodermal dysplasia.

Select one of the following:

  • Meromelia

  • Phocomelia

  • Ectrodactyly

  • Adactyly

Explanation

Question 7 of 43

1

All of the following mechanisms are necessary for normal limb development except:

Select one of the following:

  • Apoptosis

  • Inductive interactions and secretions of SHH

  • HOX gene expression

  • Cellular migration of sclerotome from somites

Explanation

Question 8 of 43

1

The most critical period of limb development is between _____ to _____ days; certain teratogen exposures during this time greatly increases the risk for limb defects.

Select one of the following:

  • 24 to 36 (beginning of embryonic period)

  • 38 to 50 (middle of embryonic period)

  • 52 to 63 (end of embryonic period)

Explanation

Question 9 of 43

1

Most visible changes occur during what period of development?

Select one of the following:

  • 10 to 14 weeks

  • 20 to 28 weeks

  • 3 to 8 weeks

  • 15 to 20 weeks

Explanation

Question 10 of 43

1

Each of the following conditions can result in death during the neonatal period except:

Select one of the following:

  • Congenital heart defects

  • Hypertrichosis

  • Ichthyosis

  • Renal agenesis

Explanation

Question 11 of 43

1

All of the following are congenital heart defects that will result in cyanosis except:

Select one of the following:

  • Tetralogy of Fallot

  • Transposition of the Great Arteries

  • Patent Ductus Arteriosis

  • Truncus Arteriosus

Explanation

Question 12 of 43

1

All of the following syndromes involve abnormal tooth development. Which is autosomal dominant?

Select one of the following:

  • Treacher Collins syndrome

  • Rickets

  • Pierre Robin

  • Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Explanation

Question 13 of 43

1

Which of the following describes an abnormality of the digits commonly associated with skeletal dysplasias (especially achondroplasia)?

Select one of the following:

  • Adactyly

  • Brachydactyly

  • Polydactyly

  • Syndactyly

Explanation

Question 14 of 43

1

Which type of skeletal dysplasia is also known as "brittle bone disease"?

Select one of the following:

  • Camptomelic dysplasia

  • Chondrodysplasia punctata

  • Achondroplasia

  • Osteogenesis imperfecta

Explanation

Question 15 of 43

1

Which of the following is a risk factor for limb anomalies?

Select one of the following:

  • Uncontrolled maternal diabetes

  • Thalidomide exposure during embryonic period

  • Chromosomal aneuploidy

  • All of the above are risk factors for limb anomalies

Explanation

Question 16 of 43

1

Limb reduction defects range in severity depending on what embryonic age there was disruption of limb formation. Amelia is the most severe.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 43

1

Most cases of syndactyly are osseous (involving bone) and include functional appendages/digits with bones, nerve and musculature.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 43

1

The recurrence risk for congenital hip dislocation/developmental hip dysplasia is less than 1%.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 43

1

Minor defects of limbs are relatively common and can be corrected surgically.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 43

1

Your skin has both thick and thin components which both contain sweat glands, hair follicles, arrector muscles of hairs, and sebaceous glands.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 43

1

The secretory parts of the eccrine and apocrine sweat glands open into the skin and begin to function shortly after birth.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 43

1

Hair follicles and glands are derived from the epidermis and grow down into the dermis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 43

1

Males and females have lactiferous ducts as part of the mammary gland.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 43

1

Delayed tooth eruption can be a sign of hypothyroidism.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 43

1

Babies that are born very prematurely (i.e. before 26 weeks) are not at increased risk for neurological or developmental problems, however they may have fingernails that have not yet reached the tips of their digits and may have cardiovascular complications, such as patent ductus arteriosis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Explain the concept of incomplete penetrance

Explanation

Question 27 of 43

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The is superficial epithelial tissue derived from surface embryonic ectoderm and the is a deep layer of dense, irregularly arranged connective tissue derived from mesenchyme.

Explanation

Question 28 of 43

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

is a fetal adaptation made from exfoliated peridermal cells and secretions from sebaceous glands. is the fine hairs that cover the surface of fetal skin.

Explanation

Question 29 of 43

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Occulocutaneous albinism is an autosomal condition. There is a lack of pigment due to an underlying defect in tyrosinase production. Two clinical features of this syndrome are and .

Explanation

Question 30 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The hardest tissue in the human body is .

Explanation

Question 31 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is a condition characterized by absence of the pectoralis major muscle that results in hypoplastic fused ribs, unilateral absence of breast, nipple, areola, hemivertebrae, syndactyly, brachydactyly, and in some cases dextrocardia.

Explanation

Question 32 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Name 3 body cavities that make up the Intraembronic Coelom during the 2nd month:

Explanation

Question 33 of 43

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Two "fruity" signs that are ultrasound findings which may be associated with underlying defects of the nervous system are the and signs. Their presence may be associated with other anomalies including congenital clubfoot and clenched fists.

Explanation

Question 34 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A is a type of lymphatic angioma that may be associated with chromosomal aneuploidy and poor pregnancy outcome.

Explanation

Question 35 of 43

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

For each of the following teratogenic substances, list a potential consequence/fetal anomaly.
Primary rubella infection tetracycline exposure high maternal blood sugar levels thalidomide primary zika infection carbamazepin

Explanation

Question 36 of 43

1

A type of lower limb defect known technically as congenital vertical talus is also a feature of trisomy 18

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 37 of 43

1

A type of upper limb defect caused by a defect of the digital rays to form a central digit or digits

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 38 of 43

1

The most common musculoskeletal deformation, also associated with some neural tube defects

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 39 of 43

1

A condition involving a hemifacial hemangioma (port-wine stain) and possibly an underlying angioma in the meninges of the brain that causes seizures

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 40 of 43

1

Enlargement of male breast tissue, often associated with Klinefelter syndrome

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 41 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The karyotype for Klinefelter syndrome

Explanation

Question 42 of 43

1

The term that describes supernumerary nipples

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber syndrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

Question 43 of 43

1

This soft marker is characterized by a dilated renal pelvis easily detectable by prenatal ultrasound. It is seen in about 25% of fetuses that have Down syndrome

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    polythelia
    congenital clubfoot
    gynecomastia
    ectrodactyly
    Sturge-weber sydrome
    polymastia
    rocker bottom foot
    pyelectasis

Explanation

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