Dinosaurs went extinct approximately 70 mya
Birds decended from __________ dinosaurs.
Theropod
Sauropod
Coelurosaur
Maniraptoran
Which of these characteristics did Dinosauria share with modern birds?
gizzards
oviparous
feathers
built nests
scales
sharp teeth
__________ is the only known dinosaur to have asymmetrical flight feathers, which are necessary for powered flight
Archiopteryx
Velociraptor
Pterodactyl
Anchiornis
Archeaopteryx is considered the transitional fossil between primitive reptiles and birds
The earliest feathers were probably cartilaginous bristles
The evolution of birds was characterized by...
a reduction in body size
the development of feathers
the development of the gizzard
all of these answers are correct
Check all that apply to modern Aves
karatinized beak
scales on legs
bones honeycombed
gizzard for grinding food
very small teeth
3-chambered heart
Check the common navigation cues for avian migration.
position of sun and stars
polarized light
geomagnetic field
geoelectrical field
❌: premigratory fattening ❌: migratory mood -- undertakes and maintains migratory flight ❌: migratory restlessness (captive birds)
Monogamy is common in birds, and couples may synchonize internal rhythms to time their migration together.
Most marine birds breed in dense sparse( dense, sparse ) colonies.
Which of these are adaptations of marine birds?
webbed or lobed feat
modification of wing to use as a flipper
salt-permeable skin
salt glands in head
Check all that apply to Order Sphenisciformes
penguins
southern hemisphere
bones secondarily solid
huddling behavior
ppelicans, shoebills, etc.
fully webbed feet
northern hemisphere
Check all that apply to Order Pelecaniformes
pelicans, herons, shoebills, etc.
fully webbed feat
gular patch
dysfunctional nostril slits
Check all that applies to Palatalea ajaja
Roseate Spoonbill
Family Threskiornithidae
feed by holding bill open in water and moving head from side to side
diet-derived pink coloration
Flamingo
Family Ardeidae
Feed by gliding and diving for food
Check all that apply to Order Phaethoniformes
Tropicbirds
pelagic sea birds
elongated tail feathers
white plumage
large bills
flattened spoon-shaped bill
Check all that apply to Suliformes
boobies, gannets, frigatebirds, etc.
pectinate edge to mid claw
elongated tail
blue feet
bills large
Check all that apply to Order procellariiformes
petrels
exclusively pelagicm cosmopolitan distribution
colonial nesters
one of the most endagered bird taxa
one of the most abundant bird taxa
Check all that apply to Order Anseriformes
waterfowl
bill shape & modified tounge to feed by sucking in & expelling water
soft, fluffy, insulating feathers
fine filter plates, lamellae, to trap small particles to then be swollowed
ibis and spoonbills
Check all that apply to Order Charadriiformes
gulls, terns, auks, jaegers/skua
Family Laridae (gulls, terns, and skimmers)
350 species, most live near water
exclusively pelagic, cosmopolitan distribution
one of most endagered bird taxa
Order Phoenicopteriformes
Flamingos
specialized beak: hooked downward with lamellae to filter feed
diet-induced pink coloration
flat beak for filter feeding
Label the simplified phylogeny of Avialae