Somatosensory System

Question 1 of 48

1

❌ is the transduction of ❌ energy into neuronal activity patterns. It ❌ processes.

❌ results in a conscious ❌ of stimulus properties after cognitive processing in the brain.

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percept

Perception

Sensory Transduction

physical

electrical

chemical

may involve active

only involves passive

only involves active

Explanation

Question 2 of 48

1

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The type of stimulus that requires least energy to procure a sensation is called the of a sensory receptor.

The somatosensory system converts m, t and p stimuli.

Explanation

Question 3 of 48

1

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Sensory receptors and sensory neurons must encode four types of information about a stimulus:

- M
- L
- I
- D

Explanation

Question 4 of 48

1

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According to the modality is encoded by a discrete pathway from the sensory cell to a modality specific integrating center in the brain.
Exceptions are receptors.

Location can also be encoded in this way or by projections and maps within the brain.

Explanation

Question 5 of 48

1

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The field is the region of the surface that causes a response when stimulated.
In the somatosensory system receptive fields are regions of the or of internal .

Explanation

Question 6 of 48

1

Leads to improved stimulus loclization:
- ❌
- ❌

Leads to worse stimulus localization:
- ❌

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Increased sensor density

Lateral inhibition

Bigger receptive field

Polymodality of sensory neurons

A bigger surround of the receptive field

Explanation

Question 7 of 48

1

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The dynamic range of a neuron is bounded by its
(a) of detection
(b)

Explanation

Question 8 of 48

1

A large dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection.

A narrow dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection.

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poor

high

weak

good

Explanation

Question 9 of 48

1

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The trade-off between dynamic range and discrimination of stimuli can be improved by

Explanation

Question 10 of 48

1

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Phasic and tonic receptors.

Explanation

Question 11 of 48

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Do phasic or tonic receptors adapt to a maintained stimulus?

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Tonic receptors

Phasic receptors

Both

Neither

Explanation

Question 12 of 48

1

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Mechanoreceptors sense physical deformation of . In mammals these are of sensory neurons.

Explanation

Question 13 of 48

1

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Proprioceptors sense ( internal, external, internal and external ) mechanical signals.

Explanation

Question 14 of 48

1

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Different types of mechanoreceptors

Explanation

Question 15 of 48

1

What kind of receptors?

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Slowly adapting receptor

Rapidly adapting receptor

Explanation

Question 16 of 48

1

Different kind of mechanoreceptors

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Meissner corpuscle

Merkel cell

Pacinian corpuscle

Ruffini ending

Explanation

Question 17 of 48

1

The receptive field of mechanoreceptors are ❌ for deep layers (Ruffini ending, Pacinian corpuscle).

They are ❌ for superficial layers (Merkel cell, Meissner corpuscle).

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fuzzier

very precise

Explanation

Question 18 of 48

1

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Different proprioceptors:

The provides information about changes in muscle length.
The provides information about changes in muscle tension.

Explanation

Question 19 of 48

1

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Feedback inhibition makes a signal more ( phasic, tonic ).

Together with lateral inhibition it leads to ( more contrast but also fake contrast, more contrast, less contrast, less contrast but also less fake contras ).

Explanation

Question 20 of 48

1

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The two point limen is a measure of the .

It is determined by the density of and the mechanism (e.g. inhibition).

Explanation

Question 21 of 48

1

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Neurons can be sensitive to the of an object and its of movement.
In the latter case multiple receptors are needed.

Explanation

Question 22 of 48

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The cell bodies of sensory neurons known as first-order neurons are located in the .

Explanation

Question 23 of 48

1

A_alpha fibers are ❌ and myelinated. They have a higher conduction velocity than A_delta fibers which are ❌ and ❌.

C fibers are ❌ and thin. Their conduction velocity is very ❌ and they are responsible for the encoding of strong pain.

C fibers have a ❌ activation threshold than A fibers.

A fibers: ❌ touch, vibration
C fibers: pain, ❌

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thick

thin

not myelinated

myelinated

low

higher

high

pressure

temperature

Explanation

Question 24 of 48

1

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The pathway for pain crosses to the contralateral site ( directly in the spinal cord, in the cortex, in the thalamus ).

The receptive fields of these sensory neurons is ( very fuzzy, very percise, variable ).

There is a simple reflex path to motor neurons which goes from the sensory neurons through the ( dorsal, ventral, medial, lateral ) root (( afferent, efferent )) and via the ( ventral, dorsal, lateral, medial ) root (( efferent, afferent )) to the motor neuron.

Explanation

Question 25 of 48

1

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The pathway for touch, proprioception, vibration is called pathway.

The pathway for pain, temperature is called tract.

Explanation

Question 26 of 48

1

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The topographic projection of the whisker pad is maintained throughout all processing stages:

- nuclei
- nuclei
- Primary

Explanation

Question 27 of 48

1

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In the ( thalamus, brain stem, primary somatosensory cortex ) there are topographic AND non-topographic projections of the whisker field.

Explanation

Question 28 of 48

1

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In the vibrissal pathway there is a ( non-topographic, topographic ) ( inhibition, excitation ) from the ( cortex, thalamus ) to the ( thalamus, brain stem ).
This leads to an unspecific wake-up call upon the first stimulus and very specific interpretation afterwards.

Explanation

Question 29 of 48

1

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Each whisker is represented by a barrel-like structure in the nucleus of the brain stem.

Explanation

Question 30 of 48

1

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What are the thalamic relay nuclei of the somatosensory system?
- nucleus (VPM)
- nucleus (VPL)
- complex (PoM)

Explanation

Question 31 of 48

1

In area 3b columns of the postcentral gyrus rapidly adapting receptors of the skin surface (Meissner corpuscle) are located next to

Select one of the following:

slowly adapting receptors of the skin surface (Merkel cells)
rapidly adapting receptors of deep tissue (Pacinian corpuscle)

Explanation

Question 32 of 48

1

The topographic projection of braille letters for example can be found

Select one of the following:

only in the dorsal root ganglia and the brain stem.
also in the thalamus.
even in the cortex.

Explanation

Question 33 of 48

1

The receptive fields of different neurons

Select one of the following:

can have different dynamics (excitation only, center-surround, inhibition replacing excitation).
have the same dynamics if the neurons use the same receptors.
cannot overlap.
can be different but always have a center-surround structure.

Explanation

Question 34 of 48

1

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The projection fields of sensory neurons go further than the specialized region.

This leads to of brain regions.

If a finger is lost for example, in the corresponding cortical region there is no inhibition anymore towards neurons that correspond to other fingers. These will then grow more .

Explanation

Question 35 of 48

1

In which layer of their somatosensory cortex have rats their whisker-barrels?

Select one of the following:

1
2
3
4
5

Explanation

Question 36 of 48

1

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Rats sense actively by moving their whiskers in an ellipsoidal pathway with a frequency of ( 7 - 12, 2-7, 12-17, 17-22 ) Hz.

Explanation

Question 37 of 48

1

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sensory neurons are sensitive to the timing of whisker deflections with sub-millisecond precision. They can also be phasic or tonic.

Explanation

Question 38 of 48

1

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Sensing with whiskers has an active and a passive component.
It is cyclical and repetitive with an active ( forward, backward ) motion.
It involves an active motor aspect and a ( forward, inverse ) model to interact with the sensation.

Explanation

Question 39 of 48

1

For the same whisker

Select one of the following:

there can be different responses in different layers of the somatosensory cortex.
there is the same response in all layers of the somatosensory cortex.

Explanation

Question 40 of 48

1

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Receptive fields in the somatosensory cortex of the rat are defined based on:
- whiskers (PW): the one eliciting the response with the shortest latency
- whiskers (AW): smaller responses with longer latencies

Explanation

Question 41 of 48

1

The receptive field in the somatosensory cortex of rats

Select one of the following:

do not only depend on space but also on time. The primary whisker (PW) can change over time.
do only depend on space. Each receptive field has its fixed primary whisker (PW).

Explanation

Question 42 of 48

1

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The direction sensitive neurons in the somatosensory cortex of rats are located in layer ( 2/3, 1/2, 3/4, 4/5 ).
They sit ( between, above, in both of ) the barrels of the whiskers that are compared.

Explanation

Question 43 of 48

1

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The term describes the phenomenon that even a precise stimulus does not excite a single mechanoreceptor but several adjacent mechanoreceptors as well.

is need for a precise stimulus loclization.

Explanation

Question 44 of 48

1

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A is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Explanation

Question 45 of 48

1

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Topological representations of the whisker field in

brain stem nuclei:
thalamic nuclei:
primary somatosensory cortex:

Explanation

Question 46 of 48

1

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In rats the nontopographic pathway to the thalamus is called the pathway.

Explanation

Question 47 of 48

1

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The primary somatosensory cortex consists of Brodman Areas , and .

Brodman Area is also involved in the somatosensory system.

In total there are (write out) somatosensory fields for the whole body that code different information (superficial or deep touch, complex touch, active touch).

Explanation

Question 48 of 48

1

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In rodents, the is the first part of the pathway from the whiskers to the brain.

These sensory neurons are sensitive to the timing of whisker deflections with sub-millisecond precision.

	Created by Lukas Paulun over 5 years ago

Master Neuroscience (From Membrane to Brain [Lecture]) Quiz on Somatosensory System, created by Lukas Paulun on 29/11/2018.

Somatosensory System

Somatosensory System

Question 1 of 48

❌ is the transduction of ❌ energy into neuronal activity patterns. It ❌ processes. ❌ results in a conscious ❌ of stimulus properties after cognitive processing in the brain.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 2 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The type of stimulus that requires least energy to procure a sensation is called the of a sensory receptor. The somatosensory system converts m, t and p stimuli.

Explanation

Question 3 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Sensory receptors and sensory neurons must encode four types of information about a stimulus: - M - L - I - D

Explanation

Question 4 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

According to the modality is encoded by a discrete pathway from the sensory cell to a modality specific integrating center in the brain. Exceptions are receptors. Location can also be encoded in this way or by projections and maps within the brain.

Explanation

Question 5 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The field is the region of the surface that causes a response when stimulated. In the somatosensory system receptive fields are regions of the or of internal .

Explanation

Question 6 of 48

Leads to improved stimulus loclization: - ❌ - ❌ Leads to worse stimulus localization: - ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 7 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The dynamic range of a neuron is bounded by its (a) of detection (b)

Explanation

Question 8 of 48

A large dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection. A narrow dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 9 of 48

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

The trade-off between dynamic range and discrimination of stimuli can be improved by

Explanation

Question 10 of 48

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Phasic and tonic receptors.

Explanation

Question 11 of 48

Do phasic or tonic receptors adapt to a maintained stimulus?

Drag the answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 12 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Mechanoreceptors sense physical deformation of . In mammals these are of sensory neurons.

Explanation

Question 13 of 48

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Proprioceptors sense internal external internal and external( internal, external, internal and external ) mechanical signals.

Explanation

Question 14 of 48

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Different types of mechanoreceptors

Explanation

Question 15 of 48

What kind of receptors?

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 16 of 48

Different kind of mechanoreceptors

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 17 of 48

The receptive field of mechanoreceptors are ❌ for deep layers (Ruffini ending, Pacinian corpuscle). They are ❌ for superficial layers (Merkel cell, Meissner corpuscle).

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 18 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Different proprioceptors: The provides information about changes in muscle length. The provides information about changes in muscle tension.

Explanation

Question 19 of 48

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 20 of 48

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

❌ is the transduction of ❌ energy into neuronal activity patterns. It ❌ processes.

❌ results in a conscious ❌ of stimulus properties after cognitive processing in the brain.

The type of stimulus that requires least energy to procure a sensation is called the of a sensory receptor.

The somatosensory system converts m, t and p stimuli.

Sensory receptors and sensory neurons must encode four types of information about a stimulus:

- M
- L
- I
- D

According to the modality is encoded by a discrete pathway from the sensory cell to a modality specific integrating center in the brain.
Exceptions are receptors.

Location can also be encoded in this way or by projections and maps within the brain.

The field is the region of the surface that causes a response when stimulated.
In the somatosensory system receptive fields are regions of the or of internal .

Leads to improved stimulus loclization:
- ❌
- ❌

Leads to worse stimulus localization:
- ❌

The dynamic range of a neuron is bounded by its
(a) of detection
(b)

A large dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection.

A narrow dynamic range means ❌ sensory discrimination and a ❌ onset detection.

Proprioceptors sense ( internal, external, internal and external ) mechanical signals.

The receptive field of mechanoreceptors are ❌ for deep layers (Ruffini ending, Pacinian corpuscle).

They are ❌ for superficial layers (Merkel cell, Meissner corpuscle).

Different proprioceptors:

The provides information about changes in muscle length.
The provides information about changes in muscle tension.

The two point limen is a measure of the .

It is determined by the density of and the mechanism (e.g. inhibition).

Neurons can be sensitive to the of an object and its of movement.
In the latter case multiple receptors are needed.

The pathway for touch, proprioception, vibration is called pathway.

The pathway for pain, temperature is called tract.

The topographic projection of the whisker pad is maintained throughout all processing stages:

- nuclei
- nuclei
- Primary

In the ( thalamus, brain stem, primary somatosensory cortex ) there are topographic AND non-topographic projections of the whisker field.

What are the thalamic relay nuclei of the somatosensory system?
- nucleus (VPM)
- nucleus (VPL)
- complex (PoM)

The projection fields of sensory neurons go further than the specialized region.

This leads to of brain regions.

If a finger is lost for example, in the corresponding cortical region there is no inhibition anymore towards neurons that correspond to other fingers. These will then grow more .

Rats sense actively by moving their whiskers in an ellipsoidal pathway with a frequency of ( 7 - 12, 2-7, 12-17, 17-22 ) Hz.