Matthew Coulson
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Breast pathology I lecture given on 07/01/2019

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Matthew Coulson
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Breast Pathology I

Breast Pathology I

Question 1 of 43

1

Match the biopsy techniques to their field:
Fine Needle Aspiration =
Core Needle Biopsy =

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Histology
    Cytopathology

Explanation

Question 2 of 43

1

Which is most commonly utilised mode of biopsy in terms of retrieving breast tissue?

Select one of the following:

  • Fine Needle Aspiration

  • Core Needle Biopsy

Explanation

Question 3 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Histological, Cytological ) biopsy techniques allow a clinician to assess whether a malignant cancer is in situ or invasive.
This is not available when utilising a ( Cytological, Histological ) technique of biopsy.

Explanation

Question 4 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Excessive growth of the breasts during puberty is known as juvenile breast

Explanation

Question 5 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Enlargement of a man's breasts, usually due to hormone imbalance or hormone therapy is known as

Explanation

Question 6 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Gynaecomastia involves ductal growth within the breast ( without, with ) associated lobular development

Explanation

Question 7 of 43

1

Excessive cannabis use is a known cause of gynaecomastia

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Having ( liver, kidney, heart, crohn's ) disease is a risk factor for developing gynaecomastia

Explanation

Question 9 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Women between the ages of 20-50 (majority 40-50) commonly develop benign breast lumps due to fibrous tissue aggregates in an area of the breast.
What is this known as?

Explanation

Question 10 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Fibrocystic change occurs in around ( one third, a half, one quarter, three quarters ) of women at some point in their lifetime (typically 40-50)

Explanation

Question 11 of 43

1

Fibrocystic changes in women typically subside or reduce following menopause.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 43

1

Fibrocystic changes are usually painless.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 43

1

What is the difference between cytology and histology?
= Study of individual cells
= Study of tissues

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Histology
    Cytology

Explanation

Question 14 of 43

1

Which two of the following are known risk factors for breast cancer development?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Early menarche (periods starting early, under age 12)

  • Late menarche (periods starting late)

  • Early menopause

  • Late menopause

Explanation

Question 15 of 43

1

Despite being associated with breast cancer, early menarche and late menopause are also associated with fibrocystic changes.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Which, if any, of the following conditions is painful?
Fibrocystic Change: ( Painful, Painless )
Fibroadenoma: ( Painless, Painful )

Explanation

Question 17 of 43

1

Fibrocystic change usually occurs as development of a single solitary mass.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 43

1

What is the typical management of fibrocystic change?

Select one of the following:

  • Exclude malignancy and reassure patient

  • Immediate excision

  • Topical steroid to reduce the mass

Explanation

Question 19 of 43

1

Fibrocystic changes are known to commonly develop into breast cancer

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Name the condition:
"A circumscribed benign lesion composed of tissues normal to the breast (adipose, glandular and connective) but organised in an abnormal proportion or distribution"

Explanation

Question 21 of 43

1

Fibroadenomas typically occur as a single solitary lesion.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Occurs as multiple lesions: ( Fibrocystic Change, Fibroadenoma )
Occurs as single lesion: ( Fibroadenoma, Fibrocystic Change )
Typically painless: ( Fibroadenoma, Fibrocystic Change )
Typically painful: ( Fibrocystic Change, Fibroadenoma )

Explanation

Question 23 of 43

1

Fibroadenoma is more common in women of asian origin.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Fibroadenomas most commonly present in a woman's ( 30s, 20s, 40s )

Explanation

Question 25 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Fibroadenomas are typically ( mobile, immobile ) lesions

Explanation

Question 26 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

When seeing woman with suspicious breast lesions, their age defines which type of scan they should have:
A woman under the age of ( 40, 30, 50 ) should have ( an Ultrasound Scan, a Mammogram )
A woman over the age of ( 40, 30, 50 ) should have ( a Mammogram, an Ultrasound Scan )

Explanation

Question 27 of 43

1

How are fibroadenomas typically managed?

Select one of the following:

  • Exclude malignancy and reassure patient

  • Immediate excision once diagnosis is made

  • Topical steroid to reduce the mass

Explanation

Question 28 of 43

1

Malignant breast cancers are typically solid and fixed within the breast.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 29 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is a benign proliferative condition of the terminal duct lobular units characterised by an increased number of acini and their glands. This may cause a mass or calcification within the breast which can be mistaken for a breast cancer.

Explanation

Question 30 of 43

1

Sclerosing Adenosis should be excised as soon as possible following diagnosis due to the risk that it may undergo malignant change.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A complex sclerosing lesion of the breast is a benign breast lesion that can radiologically mimic malignancy. Clinically, this is known as a scar

Explanation

Question 32 of 43

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

A ( Radial Scar, Sclerosing Adenosis ) is more serious as it can progress to invasive carcinoma. It should therefore the excised or at least extensively sampled.

Explanation

Question 33 of 43

1

Which two of the following biopsy techniques are typically utilised in the diagnosis of a radial scar?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Core Needle Biopsy

  • Vacuum Needle Biopsy

  • Fine Needle Aspiration

Explanation

Question 34 of 43

1

Which of the following conditions most commonly occurs due to local trauma, for example a seat belt injury?

Select one of the following:

  • Fat necrosis

  • Duct ectasia

  • Acute mastitis

Explanation

Question 35 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Which anticoagulant drug is also known to cause fat necrosis of the breast?

Explanation

Question 36 of 43

1

Which of the following conditions is very highly associated with a long smoking history?

Select one of the following:

  • Fat necrosis

  • Duct ectasia

  • Acute mastitis

Explanation

Question 37 of 43

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Which inflammatory breast condition is associated with smoking and causes fistulas to open up around the nipple?

Explanation

Question 38 of 43

1

Duct ectasia is typically very painful and produces bloody and/or purulent discharge

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 43

1

Which 3 of the following features typically occur as part of duct ectasia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Bloody/purulent discharge

  • Pain

  • Nipple retraction

  • Eczema of the nipple

  • Lactational discharge

Explanation

Question 40 of 43

1

Which three of the following are common interventions for duct ectasia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Treat any underlying infection

  • Referral to smoking cessation service

  • Excise the affected subareolar ducts

  • Apply topical steroid to suppress the inflammation - fistulas will close with time and positive lifestyle choices

  • Mastectomy

Explanation

Question 41 of 43

1

Which 2 of the following bacteria are typically involved in mastitis due to breast-feeding?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Staph Aureus

  • Strep Pyogenes

  • Strep Viridans

  • Staph Epidermidis

  • Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Explanation

Question 42 of 43

1

Phyllodes Tumours are, in the most part, benign tumours although they can become malignant.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 43 of 43

1

Phyllodes Tumours are typically removed via a laparoscopic operation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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