A2 Biology-Photosynthesis and Respiration

Write a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADP

Which properties of ATP make it a suitable source of energy in biological processes?

Why is it necessary for humans to synthesise such large amounts of ATP?

Where does glycolysis take place?

Where does the link reaction take place?

Where does the Krebs cycle take place?

Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?

What substances would there be a net movement into the mitochondrion?

Why is it an advantage the the mitochondria in muscles contain many cristae?

In what stage is a 6 carbon compound broken down into two 3 carbon compounds? What are the compounds?

What is the stage where a 5 carbon compound is combined with a 1 carbon compound? What are the compounds?

What is the stage where 3 carbon compounds are combined to form a 6 carbon compound? What are the compounds?

What substance combines with carbon dioxide in a chloroplast?

In anaerobic respiration, what is the net yield of ATP molecules per molecule glucose?

How is NAD regenerated in anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?

When sufficient oxygen is available, pyruvate is fully broken down. What substances are formed from the pyruvate?

Why do muscles become fatigued when insufficient oxygen is available?

What is an advantage of the lactate being oxidised in the muscles?

Why is ATP useful in many biological processes?

Why is it important to produce ATP during respiration in addition to during photosynthesis?

In which steps is carbon dioxide produced?

If a pond freezes over during the winter, goldfish can remain alive in the water under the ice. Explain why they use the carbohydrate stores in their bodies much faster in these conditions.

What is the main difference between the production of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis?

Under anaerobic conditions, the oxidised form of NAD is regenerated.
Explain why this is essential.

What happens to the energy which is not transferred to ATP?

Explain why ATP is better than glucose as an immediate energy source for cell metabolism.

Describe how reduced NADP is involved in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis

ATP is sometimes described as an immediate source of energy. Explain why.

Plants produce ATP in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis. Explain why plants cannot use this as their only source of ATP.

During glycolysis, NAD is reduced. Explain
what happens to this reduced NAD when the cell is respiring anaerobically.