Ageing Block

Question 1 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

There is a decreased absorption of ( acidic, alkaline ) drugs such as phenytoin, aspirin and penicillins in elderly patients due to an increasingly ( alkaline, acidic ) gastric pH

Explanation

Question 2 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Elderly people have a ( higher, lower ) volume of distribution of lipophilic drugs than the general population.

Explanation

Question 3 of 38

1

Grapefruit Juice, in theory, causes myalgia in patients who take which of the following medication types?

Select one of the following:

Statins
Antimuscarinics
Calcium Channel Blockers
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors

Explanation

Question 4 of 38

1

Cranberry juice is known to lower a patient's INR, thus making thromboembolism more likely.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 5 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The end of a human chromosome, which progressively shortens within each cell replication, is called the

Explanation

Question 6 of 38

1

In humans, a telomere consists of multiple repeats of which single motif:

Select one of the following:

TTAGGG
AATCCC
CCGTTT
GCCAAA

Explanation

Question 7 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Relating to telomeres, the limit is the number of times a normal human cell population will divide before cell division stops

Explanation

Question 8 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Sepsis in elderly patients usually presents with ( a decreased, an increased ) temperature

Explanation

Question 9 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Delirium typically has a ( fluctuating, progressive ) course

Explanation

Question 10 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Hypoactive, hyperactive ) delirium has twice the mortality rate of ( hyperactive, hypoactive ) delirium

Explanation

Question 11 of 38

1

In terms of the 4AT score:
In terms of Alertness, a patient who has mild sleepiness for <10s after waking then is normal receives which score?

Select one of the following:

0
1
2
3
4

Explanation

Question 12 of 38

1

In terms of the 4AT score:
A patient whose alertness is judged to be 'clearly abnormal' would receive a score of ...

Select one of the following:

1
2
3
4

Explanation

Question 13 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

In terms of the 4AT score:
After Alertness, the second part of the 4AT score assesses AMT4, which involves the patient stating their age, DOB, where they are and the current year.
No mistakes warrants a score of ( 0, 1, 2 )
1 mistake warrants a score of ( 1, 2, 3 )
2 or more mistakes warrants a score of ( 2, 1, 3, 4 )

Explanation

Question 14 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

In terms of the 4AT score:
After assessing 4AT, the patient has their attention span assessed. In order to do this, the patient is asked to name the months of the year backwards from December.
Achieves 7 months or more correctly = ( 0, 1, 2 )
Starts but scores <7 months/refuses to start = ( 1, 0, 2, 3 )
Untestable (too unwell, too drowsy, etc) = ( 2, 4, 3 )

Explanation

Question 15 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

In terms of the 4AT score:
After testing attention, the last parameter which is tested is the presence of an acute or fluctuating course (i.e. evidence of significant change or fluctuation in alertness, cognition, etc)
A fluctuating course warrants a score of ( 4, 1, 2, 3 )

Explanation

Question 16 of 38

1

The maximum score a patient can get for the 4AT is

Select one of the following:

12
8
10
6
16

Explanation

Question 17 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

In delirious patients, which medication is first line for sedation if it is needed (e.g. if patient is psychotic or refusing to stay in bed)?

Explanation

Question 18 of 38

1

For sedation of delirious patients, Haloperidol should be given intramuscularly.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 19 of 38

1

Delirium is a risk factor for developing dementia

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 20 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Age related loss of muscle mass and function is called

Explanation

Question 21 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Muscle mass starts to decline as of age ( 30, 25, 35, 40 )

Explanation

Question 22 of 38

1

The suggested target for physical activity in the elderly population (65+) is the same as it is for the adult population (18-64)

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 23 of 38

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Weekly Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults (18-64) and Elderly (65+):
minutes of moderate intensity activity
OR
minutes of vigorous intensity activity
Strength and balance work should also be included at least times per week

Explanation

Question 24 of 38

1

Which of the following has been shown to increase muscle function associated with sarcopenia in elderly patients?

Select one of the following:

Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
Dopamine Agonists
Levothyroxine

Explanation

Question 25 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

When stepping up a patient from codeine to morphine for analgesia, the following must be considered:
10mg of Codeine is equivalent to mg of morphine.

Explanation

Question 26 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

In order to convert the dosage of MST Morphine to the equivalent dosage of Oramorph, you divide the former by ( 6, 5, 4 ).

For example, a patient on 60mg of MST would take ( 10, 12, 15 )mg of Oramorph to have the same effect.

Explanation

Question 27 of 38

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Smoothest delivery of medicines in palliative care patients is via a continuous subcutaneous infusion using a driver

Explanation

Question 28 of 38

1

In terms of using Syringe Drivers to administer medications in the elderly, how many different medicines can be mixed together in one syringe?

Select one of the following:

Only 1
2
3

Explanation

Question 29 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Morphine is ( two times, three times, half ) as potent when given subcutaneously (as opposed to oral administration)

Explanation

Question 30 of 38

1

Arrange the steps of pharmacokinetics in order starting with the point the drug enters the body.
❌
❌
❌
❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Absorption

Metabolism

Excretion

Distribution

Explanation

Question 31 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Elderly people typically have a ( decreased, increased ) small bowel surface area

Explanation

Question 32 of 38

1

Protein binding of drugs:
❌ binds to Acidic Drugs
❌ binds to Alkaline Drugs

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein

Apolipoprotein

Alpha-1 Proteinase Inhibitor

Albumin

Explanation

Question 33 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Elderly patients typically have ( decreased, increased ) albumin levels and ( increased, decreased ) alpha-1 acid glycoprotein levels

Explanation

Question 34 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Elderly patients typically have a ( decreased, increased ) body water level.

Explanation

Question 35 of 38

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Very importantly, the Volume of Distribution of Hydrophilic drugs (lithium, digoxin, etc) in elderly patients is ( decreased, increased ).

Explanation

Question 36 of 38

1

It is generally accepted that higher doses of medications are needed to achieve the same effects in the elderly population.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 37 of 38

1

Which of the following minerals interferes with levothyroxine

Select one of the following:

Calcium
Potassium
Sodium

Explanation

Question 38 of 38

1

Verapamil (CCB) should never been given with which drug type, for fear of causing symptomatic heart block?

Select one of the following:

Beta Blocker
Statins
Anticonvulsants
Thiazide Diuretics

	Created by Matthew Coulson over 5 years ago

Questions from the 1 week Ageing block. Thought I'd just put them all into one quiz cause it's easier.

Ageing Block

Ageing Block

Question 1 of 38

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

There is a decreased absorption of acidic alkaline( acidic, alkaline ) drugs such as phenytoin, aspirin and penicillins in elderly patients due to an increasingly alkaline acidic( alkaline, acidic ) gastric pH

Explanation

Question 2 of 38

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Elderly people have a higher lower( higher, lower ) volume of distribution of lipophilic drugs than the general population.

Explanation

Question 3 of 38

Grapefruit Juice, in theory, causes myalgia in patients who take which of the following medication types?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 38

Cranberry juice is known to lower a patient's INR, thus making thromboembolism more likely.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 38

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The end of a human chromosome, which progressively shortens within each cell replication, is called the

Explanation

Question 6 of 38

In humans, a telomere consists of multiple repeats of which single motif:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 38

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Relating to telomeres, the limit is the number of times a normal human cell population will divide before cell division stops

Explanation

Question 8 of 38

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Sepsis in elderly patients usually presents with a decreased an increased( a decreased, an increased ) temperature

Explanation

Question 9 of 38

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Delirium typically has a fluctuating progressive( fluctuating, progressive ) course

Explanation

Question 10 of 38

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Hypoactive hyperactive( Hypoactive, hyperactive ) delirium has twice the mortality rate of hyperactive hypoactive( hyperactive, hypoactive ) delirium

Explanation

Question 11 of 38

In terms of the 4AT score: In terms of Alertness, a patient who has mild sleepiness for <10s after waking then is normal receives which score?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 38

In terms of the 4AT score: A patient whose alertness is judged to be 'clearly abnormal' would receive a score of ...

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 38

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 14 of 38

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 15 of 38

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

In terms of the 4AT score: After testing attention, the last parameter which is tested is the presence of an acute or fluctuating course (i.e. evidence of significant change or fluctuation in alertness, cognition, etc) A fluctuating course warrants a score of 4 1 2 3( 4, 1, 2, 3 )

Explanation

Question 16 of 38

The maximum score a patient can get for the 4AT is

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 38

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

In delirious patients, which medication is first line for sedation if it is needed (e.g. if patient is psychotic or refusing to stay in bed)?

Explanation

Question 18 of 38

For sedation of delirious patients, Haloperidol should be given intramuscularly.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 38

Delirium is a risk factor for developing dementia

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 38

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Age related loss of muscle mass and function is called

There is a decreased absorption of ( acidic, alkaline ) drugs such as phenytoin, aspirin and penicillins in elderly patients due to an increasingly ( alkaline, acidic ) gastric pH

Elderly people have a ( higher, lower ) volume of distribution of lipophilic drugs than the general population.

Sepsis in elderly patients usually presents with ( a decreased, an increased ) temperature

Delirium typically has a ( fluctuating, progressive ) course

( Hypoactive, hyperactive ) delirium has twice the mortality rate of ( hyperactive, hypoactive ) delirium

In terms of the 4AT score:
In terms of Alertness, a patient who has mild sleepiness for <10s after waking then is normal receives which score?

In terms of the 4AT score:
A patient whose alertness is judged to be 'clearly abnormal' would receive a score of ...

In terms of the 4AT score:
After testing attention, the last parameter which is tested is the presence of an acute or fluctuating course (i.e. evidence of significant change or fluctuation in alertness, cognition, etc)
A fluctuating course warrants a score of ( 4, 1, 2, 3 )

Muscle mass starts to decline as of age ( 30, 25, 35, 40 )

Weekly Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults (18-64) and Elderly (65+):
minutes of moderate intensity activity
OR
minutes of vigorous intensity activity
Strength and balance work should also be included at least times per week

When stepping up a patient from codeine to morphine for analgesia, the following must be considered:
10mg of Codeine is equivalent to mg of morphine.

In order to convert the dosage of MST Morphine to the equivalent dosage of Oramorph, you divide the former by ( 6, 5, 4 ).

For example, a patient on 60mg of MST would take ( 10, 12, 15 )mg of Oramorph to have the same effect.

Morphine is ( two times, three times, half ) as potent when given subcutaneously (as opposed to oral administration)

Arrange the steps of pharmacokinetics in order starting with the point the drug enters the body.
❌
❌
❌
❌

Elderly people typically have a ( decreased, increased ) small bowel surface area

Protein binding of drugs:
❌ binds to Acidic Drugs
❌ binds to Alkaline Drugs

Elderly patients typically have ( decreased, increased ) albumin levels and ( increased, decreased ) alpha-1 acid glycoprotein levels

Elderly patients typically have a ( decreased, increased ) body water level.

Very importantly, the Volume of Distribution of Hydrophilic drugs (lithium, digoxin, etc) in elderly patients is ( decreased, increased ).