Deana Heitkamp
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Chapter 4 and 5

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Deana Heitkamp
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Exam 2

Exam 2

Question 1 of 50

1

What happens to the membrane portion of a vesicle after it fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents during exocytosis?

Select one of the following:

  • it becomes part of the plasma membrane

  • it is ejected from the cell

  • it is transported to another cell

  • it is digested by lysosomes

Explanation

Question 2 of 50

1

Osmosis is the movement of water

Select one of the following:

  • across extracellular space

  • from a large volume to a small volume

  • throughout the cytoplasm

  • from a compartment with a high concentration of water to one with low concentration of water

  • from a region with a low concentration of water to one with a high concentration of water

Explanation

Question 3 of 50

1

Which of the following is/are directly involved in the movement of flagella and cilia?

Select one of the following:

  • molecular motors

  • microtubules

  • ribosomes

  • molecular motors and microtubules

  • motors, microtubules, and ribosomes

Explanation

Question 4 of 50

1

Which of the following links the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton?

Select one of the following:

  • cholesterol molecules

  • transport proteins

  • actin filaments

  • microtubules

  • integrin proteins

Explanation

Question 5 of 50

1

Which of the following would most likely affect the rate of simple diffusion?

Select one of the following:

  • temperature

  • hydroxide ion concentration

  • isomerization

  • pH

Explanation

Question 6 of 50

1

Biological membranes are composed of

Select one of the following:

  • Phospholipids

  • protein

  • nucleic acid

  • phopholipids and proteins

  • phopholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Explanation

Question 7 of 50

1

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will

Select one of the following:

  • change color

  • move to a isotonic solution by diffusion

  • expand and possibly explode

  • stay the same shape

  • shrivel up

Explanation

Question 8 of 50

1

Nucelar pores are functionally important because they facilitate

Select one of the following:

  • endocytosis

  • protein synthesis

  • transcription of mRNA

  • the movement of mRNA molecules form the nucleus into the cytoplasm

  • exocytosis

Explanation

Question 9 of 50

1

Membrane ion channels are an example of

Select one of the following:

  • co-transport

  • active transport

  • ion exchangers

  • facilitated diffusion

  • carrier transport

Explanation

Question 10 of 50

1

Which of the following allow for the exchange of various molecules between plant cells?

Select one of the following:

  • xylem

  • gap junctions

  • tight junctions

  • plasmodesmata

  • desmosomes

Explanation

Question 11 of 50

1

Which of the following are found within both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Select one of the following:

  • DNA

  • ribosomes

  • centrosomes

  • DNA and ribosomes

  • DNA, ribosomes, and centrosomes

Explanation

Question 12 of 50

1

The release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse is an example of

Select one of the following:

  • phagocytosis

  • exocytosis

  • receptor-mediated endocytosis

  • pinocytosis

  • endocytosis

Explanation

Question 13 of 50

1

The energy for active transport comes from

Select one of the following:

  • cytoskeleton

  • ATP

  • pH

  • heat

Explanation

Question 14 of 50

1

Which transport mechanism is capable of bringing an entire cell into another, and most likely larger, cell?

Select one of the following:

  • receptor-mediated endocytosis

  • phagocytosis

  • co-transport

  • pinocytosis

Explanation

Question 15 of 50

1

Plasma membrane integral proteins may be anchored in place by

Select one of the following:

  • cytoskeletal proteins

  • unsaturated phospholipids

  • cholesterol molecules

  • saturated phospholipids

  • glycoproteins

Explanation

Question 16 of 50

1

When a plant cell is exposed to an extracellular solution that is hypotonic, what part of the cell keeps it from rupturing?

Select one of the following:

  • chloroplasts

  • cell wall

  • plasma membrane

  • mitochondria

  • central vacuole

Explanation

Question 17 of 50

1

Water cannot flow across phospholipid bilayers by simple diffusion because

Select one of the following:

  • phosphate groups within the core of the membrane repel water molecules

  • fatty acids are too viscous

  • the concentration of water is always the same inside and outside of a cell

  • the fatty tails within the core of the membrane is hydrophobic

  • water molecules are attracted and bind to the polar head groups

Explanation

Question 18 of 50

1

A white blood cell can ingest a bacterial cell by the process of

Select one of the following:

  • receptor mediated hydrolysis

  • halitosis

  • exocytosis

  • pinocytosis

  • phagocytosis

Explanation

Question 19 of 50

1

Microtubules are important for

Select one of the following:

  • the structure of flagella and cilia

  • centriole structure

  • the movement of ions across the plasma membrane

  • structure of flagella and cilia and centriole

  • structure of flagella and cilia and centriole and movement of ions

Explanation

Question 20 of 50

1

A co-transporter membrane protein, for example the sodium-glucose transporter, typically uses which of the following to move molecules across the plasma membrane?

Select one of the following:

  • molecular motors

  • hydrolysis

  • glycosylation

  • ion gradients

Explanation

Question 21 of 50

1

A major function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is

Select one of the following:

  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion

  • synthesize soluble proteins

  • sequestration and release of calcium ions

  • synthesize integral membrane proteins

  • protein modification

Explanation

Question 22 of 50

1

The major function of the mitochondria is to synthesize

Select one of the following:

  • ATP

  • proteins

  • nucleic acids

  • organic compounds

  • glucose

Explanation

Question 23 of 50

1

Which of the following directly require ATP hydrolysis to function?

Select one of the following:

  • Na/K ATPase

  • molecular motors

  • ion channels

  • Na/K ATPase and molecular motors

  • all

Explanation

Question 24 of 50

1

The sodium/potassium ATPase is considered electrogenic because

Select one of the following:

  • it produces an electrical potential across the plamsa membrane

  • hydrolysis of ATP results in the release of negatively charged inorganic phosphate molecules

  • it requires the presence of a membrane potential for its normal function

  • an electrical potential is required for ATP synthesis

Explanation

Question 25 of 50

1

Which of the following allows for the exchange of ions between animal cells?

Select one of the following:

  • tight junctions

  • plasmodesmata

  • xylem

  • gap junctions

  • desmosomes

Explanation

Question 26 of 50

1

Which characteristic of phospholipids contributes to the fluidity of the membrane?

Select one of the following:

  • the size of the polar head group

  • the type of extracellular sugar molecules attached to the protein

  • the number of peptide bonds

  • the relative composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

  • pH

Explanation

Question 27 of 50

1

In what way does receptor-mediated endocytosis differ from phagocytosis?

Select one of the following:

  • it does not invovle vesicle formation

  • in transports only fluid

  • phagocytosis can also expel substances from a cell

  • it brings into the cell only specifically targeted substances

Explanation

Question 28 of 50

1

The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is to

Select one of the following:

  • synthesize soluble proteins

  • synthesize integral membrane proteins

  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion

  • synthesize integral membrane proteins and proteins destined for secretion

  • synthesize soluble, integral membrane, and secretion proteins

Explanation

Question 29 of 50

1

Tight junctions

Select one of the following:

  • allow for the transfer of water and ions between animal cells

  • facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of animal cells

  • facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of plant cells

  • prevent solution/fluid from moving between the plasma membranes of two animal cells

Explanation

Question 30 of 50

1

The plant cell wall is mostly composed of

Select one of the following:

  • glycagon

  • amylose

  • cellulose

  • glycogen

  • amylopectin

Explanation

Question 31 of 50

1

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?

Select one of the following:

  • Smooth ER

  • lysosome

  • Golgi apparatus

  • Rough ER

  • mitochondria

Explanation

Question 32 of 50

1

Chromatin within the nucleus of a cell contains

Select one of the following:

  • DNA

  • histone proteins

  • RNA

  • DNA and histone proteins

  • DNA, histone proteins, and RNA

Explanation

Question 33 of 50

1

Which of the following is/are examples of "bulk transport"?

Select one of the following:

  • pinocytosis

  • phagocytosis

  • receptor-mediated endocytosis

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 34 of 50

1

Portions of an integral membrane protein that typically pass through biological membranes are in the form of

Select one of the following:

  • a 9+2 microtubule arrangement

  • alpha helices with polar side chains

  • alpha helices with mostly non-polar side chains

  • beta-pleated sheets with polar side chains

  • complex, three dimensional shapes

Explanation

Question 35 of 50

1

How do gasses move through plasma membranes?

Select one of the following:

  • co-transport

  • aquaporins

  • ion channels

  • simple diffusion

Explanation

Question 36 of 50

1

The core of a phospholipid bilayer is

Select one of the following:

  • anthropomorhpic

  • polarized

  • hydrophilic

  • amphipathic

  • hydrophobic

Explanation

Question 37 of 50

1

Proteins are transported between the cistern of the Golgi apparatus by

Select one of the following:

  • intermediate filaments attached to the cis face

  • vesicles

  • microfilaments

  • microtubules

  • molecular motors

Explanation

Question 38 of 50

1

Free ribosomes within the cytoplasm

Select one of the following:

  • synthesize soluble mRNA molecules

  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion

  • synthesize integral membrane proteins

  • synthesize soluble proteins

Explanation

Question 39 of 50

1

The nuclear envelope is notable because it

Select one of the following:

  • lacks phospholipids

  • is constructed with DNA

  • lacks integral membrane proteins

  • is a double membrane

Explanation

Question 40 of 50

1

How does the sodium/potassium ATPase make the inside of a cell negatively charged?

Select one of the following:

  • by pumping more sodium ions out of the cell than pumping potassium ions into the cell

  • by pumping into the cell a large number of anions

  • by pumping an equal number of ions in and out of the cell

  • by pumping out anions

Explanation

Question 41 of 50

1

Simple diffusion is best characterized by

Select one of the following:

  • the passive movement of a particle from a region of high concentration to low concentration

  • the active transfer of a particle from a region of low concentration to high

  • the passive movement of a particle from a region of low concentration to high

  • the equilibrium state occurring between two compartments of equal concentration

Explanation

Question 42 of 50

1

Photosynthesis is performed in which of the following organelles?

Select one of the following:

  • mitochondria

  • Rough ER

  • christae

  • Golgi apparatus

  • chloroplasts

Explanation

Question 43 of 50

1

Which of the following intracellular structures most likely contributes to the mechanisms of endocytosis and exocytosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Golgi apparatus

  • nucleolus

  • ribosomes

  • chloroplasts

  • cytoskeleton

Explanation

Question 44 of 50

1

Phosphorylation of the sodium/potassium pump by ATP hydrolysis

Select one of the following:

  • underlies the pumping of Na and K ions by electrostatic repulsion

  • activates molecular motors

  • changes the shape/confirmation of the protein, permitting the pumping cycle to move forward

  • increases the viscosity of the local phospholipid bilayer

  • attracts Na and k ions to their respective binding sites

Explanation

Question 45 of 50

1

Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?

Select one of the following:

  • Rough ER

  • plasma membrane

  • nucleus

  • cholorplast

  • Golgi apparatus

Explanation

Question 46 of 50

1

Sheets of animal cells are held together by

Select one of the following:

  • gap junctions

  • desmosomes

  • fibronectin

  • plasmodesmata

  • integrins

Explanation

Question 47 of 50

1

Where in a eukaryotic cell would polysaccharides most likely be added to a newly synthesized protein?

Select one of the following:

  • mitochondria

  • Smooth ER

  • Rough ER

  • ribosomes

  • Golgi apparatus

Explanation

Question 48 of 50

1

Which of the following are found in a typical bacterial cell?

Select one of the following:

  • ribosomes

  • mitochondria

  • cell wall

  • ribosomes and cell wall

  • ribosomes, mitochondria, and cell wall

Explanation

Question 49 of 50

1

Active transport of sodium and potassium ions out of and into a cell, respectively, requires

Select one of the following:

  • hydrolysis of ATP

  • movement of phospholipids across the plasma membrane

  • phosphorylation of ATP

  • ATP synthesis

  • the presence of a membrane potential

Explanation

Question 50 of 50

1

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Select one of the following:

  • transfer of gases from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm

  • movement of carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane

  • efflux of sodium and the influx of potassium by the Na/K ATPase

  • carrier transport of glucose

  • proton pump extrusion of hydrogen ions

Explanation

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