Forensics Final

1

Two similar but separate optical microscopes for observation by both eyes simultaneously for low to medium magnification in the range of 4 to 40x describes which of the following?

1

Which of the following microscopes permits viewing of samples at much greater magnification and resolution that is possible by light microscopes. Magnification is possible in the range of 10 to 100,000.

1

Regarding broken glass, these are fractures that appear to circle around the point of impact.

1

Hairs cannot be distinguished as to racial origin.

1

The layer of scales covering the shaft of the hair is known as which of the following?

1

The center portion of the hair is known as which of the following?

1

Which of the following types of hair can be analyzed side by side under a microscope?

1

The make, model, year, and color of a vehicle can possibly be determined by the finding of a paint chip at the scene of a hit and run

1

Which of the following is NOT a base element contained in gunshot residue?

1

Only important photographs depicting evidence should be included in a photograph log.

1

What is the correct order for photographing a crime scene?

1

The device that allows light to pass through to the imaging system for a specified period of time.

1

ISO numbers indicate the level of _____________________ of the camera to light.

1

What is the most important factor in digital imaging?

1

Depth of field can be increased by making the aperture number smaller.

1

Objects of interest and evidence should be shot at ____________ degrees.

1

Which of the following is not one of the options available on most digital single lens reflex cameras?

1

Regarding the aperture of the camera, the smaller the number, the smaller the opening in the lens.

1

The main advantage of using digital cameras at crime scenes is that a photograph may be deleted if not useable for the case.

1

The device that uses a high voltage to transfer a dry origin dust or residue impression to a black film is known as a(n):

1

The approximate amount of dental stone to be used to cast one standard size shoe impression is:

1

Three dimensional impressions should be cast with _____________________.

1

Lighting that is cast across an object at an angle almost parallel to that object is known as ________________ lighting.

1

When a vehicle is turning, the rear tires will track to the inside of the front tires.

1

Protein staining dyes such as amido black and Coomassie Blue R250 are used mainly to enhance prints in ___________________ .

1

The minimum time it takes a dental stone cast to harden enough to lift is:

1

The raised rubber design on a tire are called:

1

The relative dimensions between two or more tires of the same vehicle is/are known as ___________________________.

1

Impressions made on non-giving surfaces such as tile, linoleum, wood flooring and also including paper, plastics, doors, carpeting, broken glass, etc. are known as:

1

Adobe Photoshop can be used to enhance shoe and tire impressions.

1

When taking examination quality photographs of shoe impressions the camera should be handheld directly above the impression.

1

A print that requires additional processing to be rendered visible and suitable for comparison is known as a(n) ____________________ print.

1

Which of the following statements is true regarding examination quality photographs?

1

Which of the following is a method of developing and/or lifting two dimensional shoe impressions?

1

Gait characteristics can be used to positively identify a suspect.

1

Which agency maintains the footwear database?

1

The tread wear indicator must appear at least _________ times on a tire.

1

The following is a photograph of which type of microscope?

1

Who submitted an affidavit of his examination of bloodstain evidence and findings in the case of State of Ohio v. Samuel Sheppard in 1955, which became a significant milestone in the recognition of bloodstain evidence by the American legal system?

1

Defined as the force that pulls the surface molecules of a liquid toward its interior, decreasing the surface area and causing the liquid to resist penetration?

1

In the drawing below, which of the bullet holes in the glass was fired first?

1

What are areas or patterns that result from the absence of bloodstains in otherwise continuous patters of staining?

1

Luminol is best used in what kind of environment?

1

What is the range of the total volume of blood in healthy individuals?

1

What is determined by examining the edge characteristics of individual stains?

1

What degree of impact is associated with blood that has a circular shape?

1

The misting effect is a pattern associated mostly with what action?

1

What bloodstain patterns have a linear directionality associated with them?

1

What bloodstaining includes transfer, flow patterns, saturation stains, and stains from dripping blood?

1

The nuclei of the red blood cells are the sources of DNA in the blood.

1

What type of target surface a drop of blood strikes will create little if any spatter?

1

Who was the coroner replaced by in1977in Massachusetts?

1

How do coroners obtain their positions?

1

Who is the physician that specializes in pathology and the diagnosis of disease and sub specializes in the area between law and medicine?

1

What is defined as the disease or injury that initiated the lethal chain of events that led to death?

1

The acronym NASH is a breakdown of the four what?

1

What change(s) are used to estimate time of death?

1

What technique is customary in the United States for autopsy examination?

1

What specimens are usually collected to determine the presence of common drugs of abuse?

1

What trauma occurs when applied physical force exceeds the tensile strength of the tissue to which the force is applied?

1

What type of object produces lacerations rather than incised wounds?

1

What color do carboxymyoglibin and carboxyhemoglobin appear as?

1

What term is used to describe the pattern of unburned powder that penetrates the skin?

1

What causes entrance wounds to be round and/or elliptical?

1

What drug is most commonly seen in forensic practice but rarely kills directly and is a contributory factor in approximately 50% of traumatic death?

1

What is the mechanism of death generally associated with thermal burns?

1

What combination of current and voltage produces ventricular fibrillation?

1

The size of a sharp object can be precisely determined from examination of the characteristics of the wound.

1

Where was the pivotal article on examining skeletal remains written by W.M. Krogman in 1939 published?

1

Approximately how many bones does the adult human skeleton have?

1

What animal’s paws are notoriously similar to human hands and feet?

1

Insects colonize humans differently than they colonize dead animals.

1

Which of the following generally develops earlier?

1

How many teeth do most human adults have?

1

When does tooth development begin?

1

Prior to what do most anthropologists not attempt to assign sex?

1

What skeletal feature do many methods use for forensic ancestry attribution?

1

Scientific certainty is generally restricted to what percent levels?

1

When recovering remains the scene is destroyed as the evidence and remains are removed.

1

What is one of the most important factors that impact insect development?

1

What term is defined as the study of insects?

1

After how many hours are most of the biological changes, typically used to estimate time of death, completed?

1

What insect’s predictable development is used in estimating elapsed time since death?

1

What are the first insects usually attracted to remains?

1

How is a fly quickly attracted to a dead body?

1

What location on the body do flies prefer to lay their eggs to increase the chance of success of the offspring?

1

Blowflies are nocturnal

1

The infestation of living human or other vertebrate animals with dipteran larvae is termed what?

1

What is considered court approved information that is used to determine a defendant’s guilt or innocence?

1

Admissibility or inadmissibility of trial information is determined by the application of what?

1

What must admissible evidence be?

1

What jurisdiction(s) do the Federal Rules of Evidence apply to?

1

What name did the Daubert decision refer to the judge as?

1

What kind of evidence is forensic evidence considered?

1

What type of evidence comes into court and does not reference a particular suspect?

1

The federal rules of evidence are inclusionary in nature, meaning they serve to include all information presented by either side.

1

The forensic part of forensic evidence refers to the scientific process through which facts are generated and the evidence part refers to a distinct set of procedures that are unique to the litigation process.

1

The criminalist’s responsible to report conclusions in a timely and consistent manner and determine guilt.

1

What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered due to the fact that they worked in many forensic disciplines?

1

Who is responsible for developing probability models ,showing that fingerprints were unique?

1

Who is credited with developing the first classification system for fingerprints?

1

Who is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms in the United States?

1

What was Edmund Locard’s main interest in forensic science?

1

What term describes when a laboratory has agreed to operate according to a professional or industry standard and has proven that it can and does operate this way?

1

How is an expert’s qualification to testify established?

1

Anthropometry remained widely used into the early 1900’s when fingerprints began to replace it.

1

The difference of opinion between two experts indicates that one of the experts is unethical.

1

Linkage of persons, scenes or objects is based on what?

1

Duties of the First Responder consist of which of the following?

1

There are two basic types of sketches as part of crime scene investigation: Rough and what other?

1

What is the process of determining or eliminating the events that could have occurred at the crime scene by the analysis of the crime scene appearance, location and position of physical evidence, and the forensic laboratory examination of the physical evidence?

1

A crime scenes boundaries are permanent and cannot change once defined.

1

The six patterns of searching a crime scene are: link, line or strip, grid, zone, wheel, and spiral methods?

1

Which of the following is not a technique for obtaining measurements for the crime scene sketch?

1

Which of the following is not a component of crime scene documentation?

1

How many pairs of chromosomes, including the gender chromosome, do humans have?

1

How many loci have been selected as the standard in the United States?

1

Who is mitochondrial DNA inherited from?

1

What does the acronym CODIS stand for?

1

The first DNA tests developed by Sir Alec Jeffreys were known as Replication Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) tests.

1

The replication of DNA for analysis is a process known as:

1

Attacks against the science of DNA are now rare in court.

1

Which of the following is not a possible outcome of a DNA analysis?

1

The name of the provider of the DNA sample is included in a CODIS DNA profile.

1

Current DNA tests examine genes for information on eye color, height, and hair color.

1

When did the concept of drugs being legal or illegal come about in the United States?

1

The Controlled Substances Act classifies drugs into how many schedules?

1

What type of examination identifies physical characteristics specific to plants that are considered controlled substances?

1

What is the chemical color test to confirm the presence of cannabinoids and THC?

1

What is the component of the peyote button that produces hallucinogenic effects?

1

Schedule V drugs have the highest potential for abuse and have no accepted medicinal uses.

1

The possession of mushrooms is technically legal.

1

Which of the following is an example of a Schedule I drug?

1

Which of the following is required in a criminal prosecution of possession of a controlled substance?

1

There are two crucial aspects to the investigation of arson. The first is the determination of the cause of the fire. The second is:

1

The rapid oxidation process with the evolution of heat and light is the definition of:

1

Any substance that will burn or support combustion is known as:

1

Which of the following is not acceptable as an evidence container for suspected arson evidence?

1

What is the primary cause of death in fatal fires?

1

Normal atmospheric air contains what percentage oxygen?

1

The transfer of heat by a circulating medium, usually air or liquid, is known as:

1

This type of heat moves in invisible waves and travels the same speed as visible light:

1

Which of the following is not an element of the fire tetrahedron?

1

Fuel can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. Each of these three states can be volatized and consumed.

1

The temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture at it’s surface is known as the:

1

Which of the following is not a basic method of heat production?

1

Fires will generally extend horizontally and vertically from the point of origin and follow the path of least resistance.

1

Fire intensity doubles for every __________ degrees Fahrenheit rise in temperature.

1

Which of the following is not a classification of fire cause?

1

Motor vehicles usually only have two sources of ignition in fires. The first is electrical. The second is:

1

The flash point of gasoline is 45 degrees Fahrenheit.

1

There are two characteristics of fingerprints that makes them capable of being used as a means of personal identification. The first is that fingerprints are unique. The second is that:

1

At what point in life do fingerprints form?

1

It has been shown that identical twins can have identical fingerprints.

1

Which of the following is not an area in which friction ridge skin exists on the body?

1

Which of the following is not a fingerprint pattern?

1

Which of the following is not minutiae used to identify fingerprints?

1

This fingerprint pioneer published the book Finger Prints that is still regarded as a classic in the field of fingerprint identification.

1

The following graphic is usually referred to as a(n):

1

AFIS is the Automatic Fingerprint identification System.

1

The national criminal database maintained by the FBI is:

1

A plastic print is an evidentiary print that is invisible at a crime scene.

1

Evidentiary fingerprints are composed of approximately ________ % water.

1

Which of the following is not a physical method for developing latent prints?

1

A method used to develop latent prints on wet surfaces is known as:

1

Iodine fuming will ruin documents on which it is applied.

1

Ninhydrin reacts with what substance left in fingerprints?

1

Amido black and Coomassie Blue R250 are chemicals used to enhance impressions made in:

1

Which of the following is used for processing the adhesive side of tape?

1

Obtaining latent prints from human bodies has proven to be very successful.

1

When processing an item of evidence for the presence of latent prints, always start with the least destructive methods.

1

The acronym ACE-V is:

1

What type of gun holds cartridges in a firing chamber in a rotating cylinder?

1

What is the term used to describe the diameter of a circle that is tangent with the top of the lands of the rifling?

1

What part of a shotgun is a constriction in the muzzle that serves to concentrate the shot pattern?

1

What is the term used to describe the number of spherical lead balls having the diameter of the interior of the barrel that weigh one pound?

1

What is the most common type of projectile for a shotgun?

1

Which of the following is considered a class characteristic of rifling?

1

What network was developed to facilitate linking firearms evidence in cases in different jurisdictions?

1

Which of the following is a category of tool mark?

1

Firearms examiners should always place an identification mark on the side of a projectile.

1

The first step in tool mark analysis is to fit the suspect tool into the tool mark.

1

Which of the following is the best way to remove a bullet from a wall?

1

Shotgun wads or shot cups can act as secondary projectiles entering the body at close range.

1

Cartridges can be rimfire or centerfire based on the location of the:

1

The bullet shape seen in the below photograph is a:

1

Hollow point bullets are more likely to ricochet than full metal jacketed bullets

1

As a general rule, shotgun pellets spread one inch laterally for every _______________ downrange.

1

Quiz on Forensics Final, created by Cynthia Briest on 17/12/2014.

Forensics Final

Two similar but separate optical microscopes for observation by both eyes simultaneously for low to medium magnification in the range of 4 to 40x describes which of the following?

Which of the following microscopes permits viewing of samples at much greater magnification and resolution that is possible by light microscopes. Magnification is possible in the range of 10 to 100,000.

Regarding broken glass, these are fractures that appear to circle around the point of impact.

Hairs cannot be distinguished as to racial origin.

The layer of scales covering the shaft of the hair is known as which of the following?

The center portion of the hair is known as which of the following?

Which of the following types of hair can be analyzed side by side under a microscope?

The make, model, year, and color of a vehicle can possibly be determined by the finding of a paint chip at the scene of a hit and run

Which of the following is NOT a base element contained in gunshot residue?

Only important photographs depicting evidence should be included in a photograph log.

What is the correct order for photographing a crime scene?

The device that allows light to pass through to the imaging system for a specified period of time.

ISO numbers indicate the level of _____________________ of the camera to light.

What is the most important factor in digital imaging?

Depth of field can be increased by making the aperture number smaller.

Objects of interest and evidence should be shot at ____________ degrees.

Which of the following is not one of the options available on most digital single lens reflex cameras?

Regarding the aperture of the camera, the smaller the number, the smaller the opening in the lens.

The main advantage of using digital cameras at crime scenes is that a photograph may be deleted if not useable for the case.

The device that uses a high voltage to transfer a dry origin dust or residue impression to a black film is known as a(n):