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Quiz on Molecular Biology Techniques , created by MPusey on 29/12/2014.

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Molecular Biology Techniques

Question 1 of 32

1

What monomer units make up the DNA molecule?

Select one of the following:

  • Nucleotides

  • Monosaccharides

  • Amino acids

  • Phospholipids

Explanation

Question 2 of 32

1

Which of the four nucleotide bases are purine bases?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Adenine

  • Guanine

  • Cytosine

  • Thymine

Explanation

Question 3 of 32

1

How many carbon rings do purine bases have?

Select one of the following:

  • One

  • Two

Explanation

Question 4 of 32

1

Which of the four bases are pyramidine bases?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Adenine

  • Guanine

  • Cytosine

  • Thymine

Explanation

Question 5 of 32

1

How many carbon rings do pyramidine bases have?

Select one of the following:

  • One

  • Two

Explanation

Question 6 of 32

1

In which direction do the nucleotide chains run in?

Select one of the following:

  • 5' to 3'

  • 3' to 5'

Explanation

Question 7 of 32

1

What type of sequences do restriction enzymes recognize?

Select one of the following:

  • Palindromic sequences

  • Repetitive sequences

  • Sequences that only occur once in the whole of our genome

Explanation

Question 8 of 32

1

All restriction enzymes recognize the same sequence. True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 32

1

Restriction enzymes that cut in the middle of the palindrome leave....

Select one of the following:

  • Blunt ends

  • Sticky ends

Explanation

Question 10 of 32

1

Restriction enzymes that cut at the end of the palindrome leave......

Select one of the following:

  • Sticky ends

  • Blunt ends

Explanation

Question 11 of 32

1

What enzyme could be considered the opposite to a restriction enzyme?

Select one of the following:

  • RNA polymerase

  • DNA ligase

  • DNA polymerase

Explanation

Question 12 of 32

1

How do restriction enzymes cut DNA?

Select one of the following:

  • They hydrolyse the phosphdiester backbone

  • They perform a condensation reaction on the phosphodiester backbone

  • They hydrolyse the hydrogen bonds between DNA bases

Explanation

Question 13 of 32

1

What type of bonds does DNA ligase form in DNA?

Select one of the following:

  • Phosphodiester bonds

  • Hydrogen bonds

  • Peptide bonds

  • Triple carbon bonds

Explanation

Question 14 of 32

1

What is the main piece of equipment required for gel electrophoresis?

Select one of the following:

  • Agrose gel plate

  • Test tube

  • Restriction enzyme

  • DNA primers

  • Free nucleotides

Explanation

Question 15 of 32

1

What is gel electrophoresis used for?

Select one of the following:

  • To determine the size of DNA fragments

  • To map out plasmids

  • To replicate large amounts of DNA

Explanation

Question 16 of 32

1

Are DNA fragments positively or negatively charged?

Select one of the following:

  • Positively

  • Negatively

Explanation

Question 17 of 32

1

Which end of the agrose gel plate will the DNA samples move towards?

Select one of the following:

  • The positive end

  • The negative end

Explanation

Question 18 of 32

1

Which fragments will move further during gel electrophoresis?

Select one of the following:

  • Smaller ones

  • Larger ones

Explanation

Question 19 of 32

1

What are restriction maps used for?

Select one of the following:

  • To map out plasmids

  • To determine the size of fragments of DNA

  • To replicate large amounts of DNA

  • To discover new restriction enzymes

  • To isolate restriction enzymes for later use

Explanation

Question 20 of 32

1

If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in one place only, how many fragments of the plasmid will there be in total?

Select one of the following:

  • One

  • Two

  • Three

  • Not enough information

Explanation

Question 21 of 32

1

If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in two places only, how many plasmid fragments will there be?

Select one of the following:

  • One

  • Two

  • Three

  • Not enough information

Explanation

Question 22 of 32

1

What is Polyermerase Chain Reaction (PCR) used for?

Select one of the following:

  • Replicating known sequences of DNA

  • Replicating unknown sequences of DNA

  • Mapping out DNA sequence on a plasmid

  • Cutting DNA at a particular sequence

Explanation

Question 23 of 32

1

What is missing from this list of what is required to complete PCR? Template, 2 primers, free nucleotides, buffer.

Select one of the following:

  • DNA polymerase

  • RNA polymerase

  • More primers

  • DNA ligase

Explanation

Question 24 of 32

1

What are the three stages of PCR?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Denaturation

  • Annealing

  • Extension

  • Replication

  • Repetition

Explanation

Question 25 of 32

1

What temperature should denauration take place at in PCR?

Select one of the following:

  • 95 degrees

  • 50-65 degrees

  • 72 degrees

Explanation

Question 26 of 32

1

At what temperature should the annealing stage of PCR take place at?

Select one of the following:

  • 95 degrees

  • 50-65 degrees

  • 72 degrees

Explanation

Question 27 of 32

1

At what temperature should the extension stage of PCR taken place at?

Select one of the following:

  • 90 degrees

  • 50-65 degrees

  • 72 degrees

Explanation

Question 28 of 32

1

If there were four strands of DNA in the PCR before one cycle, how many would there be after the cycle has completed?

Select one of the following:

  • Four

  • Eight

  • Sixteen

Explanation

Question 29 of 32

1

What is the purpose of the denaturation stage of PCR?

Select one of the following:

  • To separate the strands of DNA

  • To damage the DNA so that it cannot replicate as it would do in the cell

  • To heat the DNA until it is no longer able to code for specific proteins

Explanation

Question 30 of 32

1

What enzyme extends the DNA strand during the extension phase of PCR?

Select one of the following:

  • DNA polymerase

  • RNA polymerase

  • DNA ligase

Explanation

Question 31 of 32

1

When would you use cloning instead of PCR to replicate DNA?

Select one or more of the following:

  • When there are more than 1000 base pairs in the sequence

  • When the base sequence is unknown

  • When the base sequence in known

  • When the base sequence contains too many repetitions

Explanation

Question 32 of 32

1

Why is E. coli often used in the cloning process?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Because it grows rapidly in cheap material

  • Because it is the easiest bacteria to make safe for human use

  • Because it is easy to extract the DNA from

  • Because it is easy to re-insert the plasmid into

  • Because it is a very common bacteria

  • Because it has no cell membranes

Explanation

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