Shoulder and elbow anatomy, pathologies, diagnoses, exams, treatments.

Where does the clavicle fracture the easiest?

Which ligamenr prevents upward displacement of humeral head?

Locate the two bands of the coracoclavicular ligament.

Which ligament covers the superior aspect of the AC joint?

Which ligamentous structures prevent the anterior translation of the humerus of the GH joint?

What does the coracohumeral ligament prevent?

During the first 90 deg of shoulder abduction, how much does the clavicle elevat?

How many degrees of backward rotation is required for full scapular upward rotation?

Which two muscles cause upward scapular rotation during arm elevation?

A wood chopper has to purposefully extend his arm and hence requires downward rotation of his scapulae. Which muscles need to be strong to help him?

Muscles for scapular protraction

Muscles for scapular retraction

Muscles for elevation of scapulae.

Muscles for scapular depression

'carrying angle' in women and men.

Arthrokinematic coupling at the ulnohumeral joint during
1. elbow extension
2. elbow flexion
3. supination and pronation

Which two structures stabilize the middle radioulnar joint?

Muscles contributing to elbow flexion.

Which muscle flexes the elbow despite elbow and shoulder positions?

When lifting weights >2lb, which muscle flexes the elbow during supination?

Which elbow flexor muscle stabilizes the elbow in supination/pronation during strong resistance?

Mian extensor of the elbow and assisting muscle.

Which muscle provides elbow stability during pronation and supination?

Which muscle assists elbow extension during push-ups?

Which muscle supinates the elbow when it is flexed to 90 deg?

Which muscle pronates the elbow during low loads?

Action of the pronator teres

Name the special tests for shoulder impingement.

Name the special tests for rotator cuff injury

Name the special tests for shoulder instability

Tests for AC joint

Special tests for labrum.

Special test for the cubital tunnel:

Verbalize the moving valgus stress test.

At which angle is the painful arc positive for subacromial impingement?

Direction of pressure during the Paxino's test.

Which position should pain be provoked is the patient has a SLAP lesion?

Starting position of the Yergason test. Resistance and positive result.

What is a specific test for the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow?

Which neuromuscular structure does the pinch grip test assess?

Which position should the patient hold during the elbow flexion test?

What is the capsular pattern for the GH joint?

Capsular pattern for sternoclavicular joint.

T/F: AC joint capsular pattern is same as SC joint.

Capsular pattern for humeroulnar joint.

Capsular pattern for humeroradial joint.

What is the common capsular pattern for both proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

List the following for upper trap
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for pec major and minor
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for Serratus anterior
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for Levator scapulae
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for rhomboids
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for supraspinatus
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for infraspinatus
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for lats, teres major and subscapularis
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for the deltoids
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for teres minor
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for bceps brachii
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for choracobrachialis
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for brachialis
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for pronator teres and quadratus
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for brachoiradialis
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for triceps brachii and anconeus
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

List the following for supinator
1. Action
2. Peripheral nerve
3. Cord segmentation

For the apprehension relocation tests, which group has greater apprehension and which group has greater pain?

How long should the athlete avoid the apprehension position (90/90 abduction) after glenoid labrum repair?

Which structures are compressed if the patient has a thoracic outlet syndrome?

Special tests for TOS?

Provide the degrees of AC separation.

If a patient has positive painful arc, they should avoid ____________ during the acute stage post subacromial decompression.

T/F: If the patient has adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, they should have pain to palpation.

Shoulder ROM:
1. flexion
2. extension
3. abduction
4. adduction
5. ER
6. IR
7. horizontal abduction
8. horizontal adduction

Patient is unable to abduct arm beyond 90 deg, which peripheral nerve might be affected?

Patient is unable to flex fully extended arm, and demonstrates scapular winging at 90 deg shoulder flexion. Which peripheral nerve might be involved?

Patient had pain during forward shoulder flexion and is very weak with shoulder movements. Her pain increases when she turns her head towards the unaffected side. Which peripheral nerve might be affected?

Patient is unable to adduct his arm in a neutral rotation. Which peripheral nerve might be affected?

If a patient has elbow contracture due to capsule tightness, which motion is restricted the most?

Which conditions may case loss of elbow ROM in non-capsular pattern?

Most affected tendon in tennis elbow. (lateral epicondylopathy)

Movements that load the ECRB the most?

Competing DDx for lateral epicondylopathy?

Structures affected the most in golfer's elbow (medial epicondylopathy)

Sports that are closely associated with golfer's elbow.

Osteochondrosis of humeral capitellum occurs mostly in adolescents between ________. It is caused by repetitive compressive force between ______ and ______, resulting in osteochondral bone fragment forming loose body in the joint.

T/F: If a child is under 10 and has pain and crepitus in elbow joint, without any repetitive MOI, he/she is still highly possible to have osteochondrosis of humeral capitellum.

Which structures may cause ulnar nerve entrapment?

Which structures may cause median nerve entrapment?

[Adhesive capsulitis CPG] (examprep pg 63):
Demographics?

[Adhesive capsulitis CPG] (examprep pg 63):
Common co-morbidities?

What is the strongly recommended treatment for adhesive capsulitis?[Adhesive capsulitis CPG] (examprep pg 63)

Resting position for humeroulnar joint

Close-packed position for humeroulnar joint

Loose pack for humeroradial joint.

Close pack position for humeroradial joint.

Loose pack for proximal radioulnar joint

Close pack position for proximal radioulnar joint

Loose pack for distal radioulnar joint

Close pack for distal radioulnar joint

2 differences between ULTT1 an 2

Patient comes in with severe, disabling palin in deltoid region without any relief with rest, swelling UE and painful arc from 90 - 120, no red flags. What do you suspect?

Following a humerus fracture, you palpated a painful mass around the brachialis muscle. What do you suspect?

Which artery is affected in Volkmann's contracture?

Which muscles go into contracture most often in Volkmann's contracture?