Lilly Coleman
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Chapter 3,12,14

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Lilly Coleman
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FINAL

Question 1 of 85

1

Transthoracic echocardiogram is a

Select one of the following:

  • Ultrasound of the heart

  • Non-invasive study that allows us to examine the heart, valves, and great vessels

  • Relatively quick and reliable

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 85

1

Ultrasound is a sound wave with a frequency greater than ____

Select one of the following:

  • 20 hertz

  • 200 hertz

  • 2,000 hertz

  • 20,000 hertz

Explanation

Question 3 of 85

1

In order to achieve real-time, continuous movement, ____

Select one of the following:

  • Decrease depth

  • Do not utilize the zoom feature

  • Utilize the largest field of vision possible

  • Utilize the lowest frame rate possible

Explanation

Question 4 of 85

1

The ____ transmits and receives ultrasound pulses that collide with structures, such as the heart walls and valves.

Select one of the following:

  • Transducer

  • Matching layer

  • Near field

  • Ultrasound unit monitor

Explanation

Question 5 of 85

1

When the beam reaches half of its original diameter, the focus is reached; and then beyond that, the far field offers the best resolution.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 85

1

The pediatric transducer typically utilized a ___ frequency transducer that provides excellent resolution, while adult transducer utilizes a ___ frequency transducer that provides better depth penetration.

Select one of the following:

  • High/low

  • Low/high

Explanation

Question 7 of 85

1

If the transducer is place too high during the apical views, ___ may result.

Select one of the following:

  • False positive mitral Valve prolapse

  • Foreshortening

  • Oblong images of the heart

  • Pericardial effusion

Explanation

Question 8 of 85

1

The best 2D image is produced when the transducer is parallel to the structure being examined.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 85

1

Echo windows are determined by the patients physique and sometimes the sonographer needs to practice flexibility and patience in order to find the proper window.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 85

1

2D Echo allows us to visualize the relationship between the heart structures in real time.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 85

1

The indicators that travel down the side of the 2D image represent ___ and each indicator is equal to ___ centimeters.

Select one of the following:

  • Depth/ one

  • Gray scale/ one

  • Heart structures/ one

  • Time/ one

Explanation

Question 12 of 85

1

M-mode produces an icepick image of the heart and displays it in the form of a time/depth graph.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 85

1

M-mode is utilized for timing events of the cardiac cycle.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 85

1

M-mode produces a two-dimensional graph of the heart.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 85

1

The ASE recommends M-mode dimensions, not 2D dimensions.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 85

1

Doppler Echo utilizes ultrasound to record the velocity and direction of the blood flow.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 85

1

The CFD appearance is based on ___

Select one of the following:

  • 2D image quality

  • Blood flow velocity

  • Color map

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 18 of 85

1

In most labs, flow traveling toward the transducer is ___, and flow traveling away from the transducer is ___.

Select one of the following:

  • Blue/ Red

  • Red/ Blue

Explanation

Question 19 of 85

1

____ Doppler is used to measure blood flow from a specific site that is < 2 m/s

Select one of the following:

  • Continuous wave

  • High-pulsed repetition frequency

  • Non-imaging continuous wave

  • Pulsed Wave

Explanation

Question 20 of 85

1

___ Doppler is superimposed, steerable, and measures any velocity making it ideal for performing valve calculations.

Select one of the following:

  • Continuous wave

  • High-pulsed repetition frequency

  • PEDOF

  • Pulsed wave

Explanation

Question 21 of 85

1

Continuous wave Doppler detects flow from a specific sample volume.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 85

1

Aliasing occurs when the velocity is > 2 m/s while using ___ Doppler.

Select one of the following:

  • Continuous wave

  • PEDOF

  • pulsed

  • spectral

Explanation

Question 23 of 85

1

What similarities do PWD and CWD share?

Select one of the following:

  • Both are steerable and superimposed on the 2D image

  • Both have range ambiguity and aliasing when the velocity is > 2 m/s

  • Both use a focus and measure any velocity flow

  • Both use a gate and measure high velocity flow

Explanation

Question 24 of 85

1

The PEDOF probe is a non-imaging probe; therefore, the sonographer must rely on the ___

Select one of the following:

  • Placement of the cursor on the 2D image

  • Position & angle of the probe and waveform in comparison to the EKG

  • Size of the Doppler gate

  • Image on the screen

Explanation

Question 25 of 85

1

According to the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC), the non-imaging CWD probe must be utilized in the assessment of AS or suspected AS from multiple locations, to include the apex, suprasternal notch, and right parasternal border.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 85

1

What is your most important responsibility during exercise electrocardiography?

Select one of the following:

  • Providing for safety

  • Applying the leads

  • Monitoring the ECG tracing

  • Taking the patients blood pressure

Explanation

Question 27 of 85

1

Which of the following conditions would be a reason that a patient should not perform exercise electrocardiography?

Select one of the following:

  • Coronary vascular disease

  • Previous heart attack

  • Congestive heart failure

  • Previous symptoms of angina

Explanation

Question 28 of 85

1

What type of test would be performed on a patient who is unable to stand or exercise?

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical (pharmacologic) stress test

  • Blood pressure test

  • Treadmill stress test

  • Stress electrocardiogram

Explanation

Question 29 of 85

1

During exercise electrocardiography, your patient appears to be short of breath. After informing the physician of your suspicions, what would you do?

Select one of the following:

  • Continue the test

  • Take the patient’s blood pressure

  • Ask the patient to stop exercise portion of the test

  • Discretely count the respiratory rate and compare to the previous rate

Explanation

Question 30 of 85

1

Mr. Jones is on several medications and is scheduled for an exercise electrocardiography test tomorrow. What should you do first to determine if he should take his medications prior to the test.

Select one of the following:

  • Check the chart order

  • Ask the physician

  • Instruct the patient not to take his beta blocker medications

  • Mr. jones should take all of his medications because they are necessary for his treatment

Explanation

Question 31 of 85

1

A beta blocker is

Select one of the following:

  • A protocol for exercise electrocardiography

  • A medication for hypertension

  • Necessary when performing exercise electrocardiography

  • A type of ultrasound

Explanation

Question 32 of 85

1

Which of the following is measured during exercise electrocardiography?

Select one of the following:

  • Blood pressure and temperature

  • Blood pressure and weight

  • 12-lead ECG and weight

  • 12-Lead ECG and blood pressure

Explanation

Question 33 of 85

1

When educating the female patient for exercise electrocardiography, you should instruct her not to wear

Select one of the following:

  • Shorts

  • Tennis shoes

  • An underwire bra

  • Comfortable clothing

Explanation

Question 34 of 85

1

Patients should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to exercise electrocardiography

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 85

1

Patients should be encouraged to report any symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, or fatigue during exercise electrocardiography.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 36 of 85

1

After exercise electrocardiography, the patient should not take a hot bath or shower for at least 2 hours

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 37 of 85

1

You should discuss the results of the exercise electrocardiography with the patient as soon as the results are available.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 85

1

Patients should wear comfortable, casual clothing on the day of the test, including tennis shoes and loose-fitting pants.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 85

1

You should attach the leads to the chest at the same sites as you would for an ambulatory monitor.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 85

1

Emergency equipment should be available in the room or nearby during exercise electrocardiography

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A is an exercise electrocardiography that is invasive because of injection of a substance to view the vessels around the heart

Explanation

Question 42 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The middle layer of the heart, composed of muscle tissue is the

Explanation

Question 43 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A is a medication used to treat hypertension

Explanation

Question 44 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Another name for high blood pressure is

Explanation

Question 45 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A stress test in which radioactive tracers are injected to trace the path of blood through the heart is a

Explanation

Question 46 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow is

Explanation

Question 47 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Abnormal cardiac rhythm is called

Explanation

Question 48 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A is a physician who specializes in the study of the heart

Explanation

Question 49 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissue is

Explanation

Question 50 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Accumulation of plaque and fatty deposits in the coronary arteries that results in reduced blood flow and oxygenation of the heart is

Explanation

Question 51 of 85

1

An echocardiogram is a non invasive diagnostics test that uses ultrasound waves to provide images of the heart and blood vessels

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 52 of 85

1

A false positive is a diagnostic test result that indicates that disease is present when in reality no disease is present

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 53 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is calculated by subtracting the patient’s age from 220, then multiplying that number by a percentage between 60 and 85 as directed by the physician

Explanation

Question 54 of 85

1

A noninvasive procedure requires entrance into a body cavity, tissue, or blood vessel.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 55 of 85

1

A Naughton protocol is most commonly utilized for a stress test

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 56 of 85

1

A modified Bruce protocol is most often used during a stress test for patients with an exercise capacity limited by cardiac disease.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 57 of 85

1

A 12-Lead ECG is obtained toward the beginning of each stage of exercise electrocardiography

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 58 of 85

1

After a stress test, the patient should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 3 hours

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 59 of 85

1

A patient should take all of his prescribed medications on the day of his stress test unless the physician directs otherwise.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 60 of 85

1

All chest pain is cardiac in origin

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 61 of 85

1

Angina is the heart’s way of complaining it needs more oxygen

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 62 of 85

1

All acute myocardial infarctions present with ST segment elevation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 63 of 85

1

The A in SAMPLE refers to allergies

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 64 of 85

1

Patients must sign a consent for procedures before receiving narcotics.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 65 of 85

1

Fibrinolytic agents may be used on any patient

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 66 of 85

1

Beta blockers decrease heart rate and blood pressure

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 67 of 85

1

The circumflex artery supplies blood to the right atrium and ventricle

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 68 of 85

1

What is the name of the innermost layer of an artery?

Select one of the following:

  • Tunica media

  • Tunica adventitia

  • Tunica os

  • Tunica intima

Explanation

Question 69 of 85

1

Which major coronary artery and vessel supplies blood to both ventricles?

Select one of the following:

  • Circumflex artery

  • Left anterior descending artery

  • Right descending artery

  • Right main and marginal arteries

Explanation

Question 70 of 85

1

Which of the following complaints may be cardiac in origin?

Select one of the following:

  • Jaw pain

  • Nausea

  • Indigestion

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 71 of 85

1

Symptoms of unstable angina include which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Chest pain that lasts longer than 20 minutes

  • More frequent or severe chest pain

  • Chest pain that occurs with less exertion

  • All of the answers are correct

Explanation

Question 72 of 85

1

Which three groups of patients often present with atypical symptoms of MI?

Select one of the following:

  • Women, infants, and children

  • Women, elderly patients, and patients with diabetes

  • Men, women, and children with diabetes

  • All of the answers are correct

Explanation

Question 73 of 85

1

Due to damage to blood vessels, patients with diabetes are ____ as likely as a non diabetic individual to experience a stroke or heart attack

Select one of the following:

  • 10 times

  • 5 times

  • Twice

  • Not

Explanation

Question 74 of 85

1

Which of the following are included when referring to acute coronary syndrome?

Select one of the following:

  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina

  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and stable angina

  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and diabetes

  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and CVA

Explanation

Question 75 of 85

1

What percentage of patients may present with STEMI?

Select one of the following:

  • 20-40

  • 40-45

  • 75-80

  • 100

Explanation

Question 76 of 85

1

What percentage of patients may present with NSTEMI?

Select one of the following:

  • 20-25

  • 40-45

  • 75-80

  • 100

Explanation

Question 77 of 85

1

Heart failure is simply defined as ___

Select one of the following:

  • Pulmonary edema

  • Hyperlipidemia

  • Pulmonary failure

  • Pump failure

Explanation

Question 78 of 85

1

Which type of heart failure causes fluid to back up in the lungs, causing pulmonary edema?

Select one of the following:

  • Right atrial

  • Right ventricular

  • Left atrial

  • Left ventricular

Explanation

Question 79 of 85

1

Mnemonic devices are commonly used in medicine to ____

Select one of the following:

  • Create a complex tool for specialists only

  • Decrease communication and efficiency of patient care

  • Increase the amount of time before the patient receives care

  • Increase efficiency and present a more logical flow to patient care

Explanation

Question 80 of 85

1

Which of the following would not be done during patient assessment and initial treatment of a cardiac patient ?

Select one of the following:

  • Obtain a 12-Lead ECG

  • Start oxygen

  • Obtain the vital signs

  • Obtain a urine specimen

Explanation

Question 81 of 85

1

Nitroglycerin causes blood vessels to ___ and blood pressure to ___.

Select one of the following:

  • Constrict, increase

  • Relax, increase

  • Constrict, decrease

  • Relax, decrease

Explanation

Question 82 of 85

1

Which procedure allows visualization of the coronary arteries and placement of a stent?

Select one of the following:

  • Coronary artery bypass

  • Echocardiography

  • Cardiac catheterization

  • Enhanced external counter pulsation

Explanation

Question 83 of 85

1

Coumadin is used to ____

Select one of the following:

  • Increase heart rate

  • Increase clot formation in blood

  • Decrease heart rate

  • Decrease clot formation in blood

Explanation

Question 84 of 85

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Occlusion of the proximal left coronary artery is often referred to as the

Explanation

Question 85 of 85

1

What should be done in the first 10 minutes of cardiac patients arrival?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Assess pain level

  • 12-Lead ECG

  • Start oxygen

  • Get urine sample

  • Check vitals

Explanation

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