Created by Alice Kimpton
over 4 years ago
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- Envelope:
- Envelope flows:
- Internal flows:
- Natural ventilation:
- Prupose-provided openings:
- Advantaous openings:
- Infiltration:
- Exflitartion:
List the hierarchy of ventilation systems:
What should you you do before using mechanical solutions?
Advantages of natural ventilation:
Disadvantages of natural ventilation:
Design process diagram
Feasibility points:
Climate:
- Steady state conditions
- Transient weather file
Climate:
Data sources?
Climate:
What has to be done for climate weather data?
Climate:
Modified wind speed
Climate:
Modified wind speed equation
Internal heat gains:
Preventing over heating strategies
Internal heat gains:
Why are occupants important?
Building geometry and environment:
What creates pressure distribution around a building?
Building geometry and environment:
What is Pgauge equal to?
Building geometry and environment:
- What is the wind pressure coefficient?
- How can wind pressure babe measured?
- Alternatively?
- What about for simulations?
Building geometry and environment:
Diagram of regional boundary layers?
Diagram of isolated roughness flow?
What is a bu8ilding of isolated roughness effected by?
Building geometry and environment:
Diagram of building wakes
What can wakes do?
Building plan and layout:
Wakes induced by different forms.
The first is:
Building plan and layout:
Wakes induced by different forms.
The second is:
Building plan and layout:
Effect of incidence angle of internal flow (1 of 2):
Building plan and layout:
Augmenting positive pressure and internal air velocity using Wingwalls diagram
Building plan and layout:
- In deep plan buildings, what are the issues and how can they be resolved?
Building plan and layout:
Side sided room diagram
Building plan and layout:
Single sided double opening layout
Building plan and layout:
Cross ventilation room diagram
Building plan and layout:
Clerestory room diagram
Building plan and layout:
Stack
Building plan and layout:
Can high rises be naturally ventilated? How?
Building envelope:
Why is it one of the most important factors?
Building envelope:
What is adventitious leakage?
Building envelope:
What else occurs through the envelope apart from adventitious leakage?
Thermal storage:
Requirements
Thermal storage:
Diagram of thermal mass on peak indoor temperature
Control:
- By design
- By mechanical devices
Control:
- Other options
What does the term strategy refer to?
What are the 2 basic categories of internal space?
Isolated spaces - What are the 2 basic types?
Connected spaces: single cell building:
- Atrium/tower
Connected spaces: single cell building:
- Chimney
- Duct walls
- Wind catcher
Connected spaces: single cell building:
- Top down ventilation
Descriptions of Mechanisms:
Ventilation of a building can be considered as comprising two processes :–
Descriptions of Mechanisms:
What are the 3 cases?
Diagram of buoyancy alone (no wind)
Buoyancy alone (no wind):
- Envelope flow
- Internal air motion
Wind alone (uniform density) diagram
Wind alone (uniform density):
- Envelope flow
- Internal air motion
Wind and buoyancy combined:
- Graph
- In general...
Airflow through openings:
- Equation for discharge coeffiecnt
- Fundamental problems
3 basic mathematical models?
Sizing of openings:
What is the aim for a chosen strategy?
Why would we use the envelope flow model?
Sizing of openings:
Basic procedure
Design conditions:
- Climate with 2 seasons
- What does the explicit method determine?
Design conditions:
In winter what must we ensure?
What is the basic procedure?
Design conditions:
In winter, what is the 'worst case'?
Design conditions:
In winter, using the explicit method (iii) what must we use? Why not windows?
Design conditions:
In summer, what must be prevented?
What is the basic procedure?
Design conditions:
Rate of internal heat gains equation
Later design processes:
- What conditions are used?
- What types of tools are available?
Computational fluid dynamics:
Diagram
Computational fluid dynamics:
What are the most versatile design tools?
What are the uncertainities with CDF (computioanl fluid mechanics)?
Combined thermal and airflow models:
- What is a major difficulty in design?
- Are combinations available?
Combined thermal and airflow models:
- Do you use 2 models together?
- What is a more simple way?
- What is an issue?
What can you conclude from this topic?