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Biological Anthropology Quiz on Chapter 8, created by heather kuebler on 16/11/2019.

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Chapter 8

Question 1 of 22

1

Which burial environment would best promote fossilization

Select one of the following:

  • burial soon after death by sediments or volcanic ash

  • burial after defleshing of the bones by scavengers and insects

  • burial in groundwater or acidic soils

  • burial in a geologically active area with high ground pressure

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

1

Relative methods of dating can tell us

Select one of the following:

  • the approximate numerical age of a fossil

  • the exact numerical age of a fossil

  • whether a fossil is older or younger than another fossil or artifact

  • the amount of organic material remaining in a fossil

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

1

Radiometric and non-radiometric absolute dating methods both

Select one of the following:

  • provide only a relative date

  • provide a numerical date

  • measure the radioactive decay of an unstable isotope

  • determine past climate history through stable isotope analysis

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

1

What must be considered when choosing a radiometric dating method

Select one of the following:

  • the half-life of an isotope limits its usefulness to a certain date range

  • no radiometric dating methods can date organic materials

  • no radiometric dating methods can date nonorganic materials

  • fossils must be associated with another fossil to give a relative date

Explanation

Question 5 of 22

1

Stable isotope analysis of carbon in a fossilized tooth would be most useful for determining the

Select one of the following:

  • relative age of the tooth compared to another fossil

  • absolute age of the tooth

  • temperature of the animal's environment

  • types of plants consumed by the animal during life

Explanation

Question 6 of 22

1

The molecular clock has been useful to determine the phylogenetic relationships of species based on the assumption that

Select one of the following:

  • a species lineage accumulates genetic differences over time at a constant rate.

  • only some species are genetically related.

  • DNA is preserved unchanged over long periods of time.

  • species adapt at specific rates.

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

1

Igneous rock can be dated with which of the following methods?

Select one of the following:

  • radiopotassium dating

  • dendrochronology

  • radiocarbon dating

  • fluorine dating

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

1

Paleontologists find a fossil ape with long arms. What type of environment can they infer it inhabited?

Select one of the following:

  • savanna

  • woodland

  • grassland

  • swamp

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

1

Studies of temperatures during the Cenozoic era suggest that temperatures have ________ over time.

Select one of the following:

  • steadily increased

  • steadily decreased

  • fluctuated, sometimes greatly,

  • stayed basically the same

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

1

The continent that existed about 200 mya, from which the modern continents ultimately emerged, is called

Select one of the following:

  • Eurasia.

  • Afrinesia.

  • Australasia.

  • Pangaea.

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

1

A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. Which of the following methods could be used to date the tomb MOST accurately?

Select one of the following:

  • superposition

  • electron spin resonance

  • thermoluminescence

  • dendrochronology

Explanation

Question 12 of 22

1

Which era saw the proliferation of mammals?

Select one of the following:

  • Holocene

  • Cenozoic

  • Jurassic

  • Mesozoic

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

1

A mummy is discovered whose tomb includes cloth, food, and other organic remains. What dating method would MOST likely be used to date the tomb?

Select one of the following:

  • biostratigraphy

  • carbon 14

  • dendrochronology

  • electron spin resonance

Explanation

Question 14 of 22

1

Crucial to creating a fossil record of a species is

Select one of the following:

  • a living form of the fossil species.

  • a good representation in the fossil record.

  • the preservation of soft tissue such as muscle.

  • the lack of dating; knowing the age of the fossil introduces biases.

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

1

A hearth is discovered with bone fragments in it. What method might be used to date the bone?

Select one of the following:

  • dendrochronology

  • electron spin resonance

  • fission track

  • amino acid

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

1

1. A stratigraphic layer in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer hundreds of kilometers away. Biostratigraphic dating method cannot be used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 22

1

Temperature estimated using any of several methods is not the most important variable in reconstructing ancient climate

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

1

Experts reconstruct the appearance of early hominids during life using known relationships between bone and tissue in living animals: layers of clay are built up until finally we can see the ancient face staring at us.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

1

Taxonomy is the study of the processes that affect an organism’s remains after death.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

1

The three eras that make up Earth history are: Pleistocene, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 22

1

Most of the early hominin fossils discovered in Africa come from the eastern and southern parts of the continent because they didn't live anywhere else

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 22

1

William Smith was the English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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