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Infectious Diseases Test 2- 5th Year PMU

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Infectious Diseases Test 2- 5th Year PMU

Infectious Diseases Test 2- 5th Year PMU

Question 1 of 40

1

Viral hepatitis A (VHA) and E (VHE) are transmitted by

Select one of the following:

  • fecal-oral mechanism

  • by parenteral mechanism

  • sexual mechanism

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

1

The median (most common) incubation period at VHA is

Select one of the following:

  • 30 days

  • 90 days

  • 45 days

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

1

A rash and syndrome of arthralgia in preicterical period of acute viral hepatitis is characteristic for

Select one of the following:

  • Viral hepatitis B (VHB)

  • VHA

  • VHE

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

1

The most severe course with possible liver failure is seen in

Select one of the following:

  • VHE

  • Acute VHB + VHD (co)

  • VHA

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

1

In risk of acute VHC are

Select one of the following:

  • IDUs

  • Newborns in poor sanitary conditions

  • Travellers to tropical countries

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

1

The values of aminotransferases (ALT and AST) in acute viral hepatitis are

Select one of the following:

  • 100 to 300 U/I

  • to 100 U/I

  • > 1000 U/l

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

1

In acute viral hepatitis hyperbilirubinacmia has the following characteristics

Select one of the following:

  • elevated are both fractions, but prevails the direct bilirubin

  • increased are both fractions, but more is elevated indirect bilirubin

  • the type of hyperbilirubinaemia has no diagnostic significance

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

1

Which of the following for hepatitis B is true

Select one of the following:

  • the greater is the frequency of HBV infection among men who have sex with men and sex workers

  • usual interval between exposure and clinical manifestations of acute hepatitis B is 1-3 weeks

  • about 25% of adults infected with HBV, remain chronic carriers of HbsAg

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

1

Choose the correct answer for laboratory tests of liver function

Select one of the following:

  • Prothrombin time and albumin reflects synthetic liver function

  • AST is more specific than ALT as a marker of damage of the liver

  • High LDH is specific to hepatocyte damage

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

1

Most early and secure evidence of acute VHC is possible by:

Select one of the following:

  • ELISA for anti HCV

  • PCR for the RNA of the hepatitis C virus

  • RSC of specific antibodies

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

1

The most common symptoms In the preicteric period of acute viral hepatitis are

Select one of the following:

  • fatigue, anorexia

  • abdominal pain and vomiting

  • fever and convulsions

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

1

The change in urine color (dark) and faeces (light) appears

Select one of the following:

  • in incubation period

  • in the end of the preicteric period

  • in the reconvalescent period

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

1

23 year old intravenous drug user, HIV-positive, on HART (antiretroviral) treatment as hospitalised in infectious department with jaundice. When taking blood for blood chemistries and hepatic markers, despite of the use of gloves nurse pricks herself with needles before disposing, together with a syringe,
What's the first thing she should do?

Select one of the following:

  • Flash with water AND QUICK stop bleeding

  • Flush with water without stopping bleeding

  • Flush with water treated with a disinfectant

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

1

The results of tests made before 2 months, provided by patient are: CD4 - 451μ/L, (N 500-1300 μ/L), HIV PCR - (-). The results of blood received after 2 days are following
Anti HAV IgM (+). HBsAg (-), anti HCV (+), HCV PCR (-).

What is the risk to the nurse and what should be done?

Select one of the following:

  • The patient has acute hepatitis A, without much risk, controlled HIF infection, no risk of transmission

  • The patient has acute hepatitis A. without much risk. controlled HIF infection but the nurse held a 28-day course with HART, insignificant risk of hepatitis C

  • The patient has acute hepatitis A, without much risk, controlled HIF infection but the nurse held a 28-day course with HART, nevertheless monitoring tor HCV and HIF in the next six months

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

1

Existing flu-like syndrome in preicteric period is the most characteristic for:

Select one of the following:

  • acute viral hepatitis A (VHA)

  • acute viral hepatitis B (VHB)

  • acute viral hepatitis C (VHC)

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

1

Most often becomes chronic

Select one of the following:

  • VHA

  • VHB

  • VHC

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

1

The jaundice is seen early

Select one of the following:

  • in the sclera

  • in the skin

  • on the palms

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

1

The presence of anti HBs in serum means

Select one of the following:

  • Presence of immunity

  • Acute VHB

  • Has no diagnostic value

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

1

Hepatitis C virus is transmitted by

Select one of the following:

  • parenteral, sexual, vertical (pregnant - Newborn)

  • fecal-oral mechanism

  • by arthropods (vectors)

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

1

Clinical indicators of impending hepatic coma do not include

Select one of the following:

  • mood changes, behaviour and sleep inversion

  • combinative thinking disorders and dyscalculia

  • paresis and paralysis

Explanation

Question 21 of 40

1

Laboratory screening in acute viral hepatitis includes

Select one of the following:

  • ALT, AST, urine

  • ALP, GGT, amylase

  • Leucocytes, PLT, CRP

Explanation

Question 22 of 40

1

Jaundice as clinical manifestations of acute VHC can be found in

Select one of the following:

  • single patients

  • naturally

  • in the half of cases

Explanation

Question 23 of 40

1

Anti HBc IgM is a marker for

Select one of the following:

  • hepatitis C virus infection

  • hepatitis B virus infection

  • an active hepatitis B virus infection

Explanation

Question 24 of 40

1

To prove the VHA is looking for

Select one of the following:

  • viral antigens in fecal samples

  • anti HAV IgM in serum

  • HBsAg in serum

Explanation

Question 25 of 40

1

Serotogical markers of acute viral hepatitis B (VHB) are

Select one of the following:

  • HBsAg + anti HbC IgM

  • HBsAg + anti HbC IgG

  • HBcAg + anti HBc

Explanation

Question 26 of 40

1

Clinical and laboratory indicators of threatening coma are

Select one of the following:

  • reduced haemostatic factors, low fibrinogen

  • leucopenia and high fibrinogen

  • lymphocytosis and accelerated ESR

Explanation

Question 27 of 40

1

Frequently out of the VHA is a

Select one of the following:

  • recovery

  • chronic infection in 50%

  • acute liver failure

Explanation

Question 28 of 40

1

The incubation period of the VHB is

Select one of the following:

  • 10-30 days

  • 40-180 days

  • 3-90 days

Explanation

Question 29 of 40

1

Anti HBc IgM area marker for

Select one of the following:

  • hepatitis C virus infection

  • hepatitis B virus infection

  • an active hepatitis B virus infection

Explanation

Question 30 of 40

1

Clinical indicators of threatening hepatic coma NOT include

Select one of the following:

  • mood changes, behavior and inversion of sleep

  • dyscalculia

  • muscle rigidity and convulsions

Explanation

Question 31 of 40

1

Minimum clinical laboratory investigations for suspected viral hepatitis

Select one of the following:

  • urine (bile pigments). serum (ALT and AST bilirubin)

  • blood test, electrolytes, acid-base metabolism

  • abdominal ultrasound

Explanation

Question 32 of 40

1

The duration of the preicteric period in acute viral hepatitis is

Select one of the following:

  • 30 days

  • 7 days

  • 90 days

Explanation

Question 33 of 40

1

Which of the following statements regarding hepatitis viruses is true

Select one of the following:

  • risk of transmission of HBV from mother to baby is greater than that of HCV

  • the risk of fulminant liver failure is greater for infection with HCV than it is for HBV

  • the chances of an adult becoming a chronic carrier are greater following infection with HBV

Explanation

Question 34 of 40

1

Choose the correct statement about laboratory studies available to test hepatic function

Select one of the following:

  • AST is more specific than ALT as marker of hepatocyte injury

  • Prothrombin time and albumin reflect hepatocyte synthetic function

  • Lactate dehydrogenase elevation is highly specific for hepatocyte function

Explanation

Question 35 of 40

1

The primary mode of transmission of HCV is

Select one of the following:

  • sexual

  • faecal-oral

  • intravenous drug (needles)

Explanation

Question 36 of 40

1

Which of the following viral causes of acute hepatitis is most likely to cause fulminant pregnant woman

Select one of the following:

  • HCV

  • HEV

Explanation

Question 37 of 40

1

Acute HCV hepatitis becomes chronic in

Select one of the following:

  • 50-80%

  • <5%

  • 90%

Explanation

Question 38 of 40

1

Prodroms in acute viral hepatitis usually last

Select one of the following:

  • 30 days

  • 7 days

  • 2-3 months

Explanation

Question 39 of 40

1

The earliest laboratory confirmation test of acute hepatitis C is

Select one of the following:

  • Anti HCV by ELISA

  • HCV RNA by PCR

  • HCVAg by ELISA

Explanation

Question 40 of 40

1

Which hepatitis is NOT vaccine-preventable

Select one of the following:

  • hepatitis B

  • hepatitis A

  • hepatitis C

Explanation

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