Giana Vittoriso
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Psychology Quiz on Psych 315 Final, created by Giana Vittoriso on 11/12/2019.

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Giana Vittoriso
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Psych 315 Final

Question 1 of 87

1

_______ is the process of self-notes and self-reporting

Select one of the following:

  • Introspectionism

  • Behaviorism

  • Cognitive Psychology

  • Self Perception

Explanation

Question 2 of 87

1

______ is only studying what we can observe completely

Select one of the following:

  • Observational Psychology

  • Introspectionism

  • Behaviorism

  • Cognitive Psychology

Explanation

Question 3 of 87

1

___________ uses the experimental methods of psych to study learning how people remember, pay attention, and think.

Select one of the following:

  • Experimental Psychology

  • Cognitive Psychology

  • Behaviorism

  • Introspectionism

Explanation

Question 4 of 87

1

Information Processing Psychology assumes we can explain cognition using the same concepts we use to explain _______

Select one of the following:

  • People

  • The stock market

  • Airplanes

  • Computers

Explanation

Question 5 of 87

1

What concepts from Computer Science have made important contributions to the study of Cognitive Psychology?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Mental Representations

  • Manipulation of Symbols

  • Decisions based on comparisons of represented values.

  • Complex procedures made of sequences of simple operations.

  • Emojis

  • Spontaneous Combustion

Explanation

Question 6 of 87

1

Inputs are received at ______, can be either excitatory (positive) or inhibitory (negative), those from many different synapses on dendrites are combined to determine _____

Select one of the following:

  • dendrites, outputs

  • threshold, inputs

  • Neurotransmitter synapse

  • Dendrites, inputs

Explanation

Question 7 of 87

1

Output
Outputs are all or none: fires only after input reaches ______.
Action potential travels full length of axon without losing strength
When it reaches end of axon, triggers the release of ______

Select one of the following:

  • threshold, neurotransmitters

  • Inputs, outputs

  • threshold, synaptic vesicles

  • potential, neurotransmitters

Explanation

Question 8 of 87

1

______ vesicles contain neurotransmitter
Action potential causes vesicles to fuse with outer membrane and release neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
_______ molecules travel across cleft and attach to receptors on other side.

Select one of the following:

  • Synaptic, Neurotransmitter

  • Input, Output

  • Output, Input

  • Neurotransmitter, Synaptic

Explanation

Question 9 of 87

1

Aphasia is the

Select one of the following:

  • Inability to speak

  • Inability to recognize objects

  • Ignoring of some parts of space

  • inability to perceive color

Explanation

Question 10 of 87

1

Agnosia is the

Select one of the following:

  • Inability to speak

  • Inability to recognize objects

  • Ignoring of some parts of space

  • Inability to perceive color

Explanation

Question 11 of 87

1

Neglect is:

Select one of the following:

  • Inability to speak

  • Inability to recognize objects

  • Ignoring of some parts of space

  • Inability to perceive color

Explanation

Question 12 of 87

1

Achromatopsia is:

Select one of the following:

  • Inability to speak

  • Inability to recognize objects

  • Ignoring of some parts of space

  • Inability to perceive color

Explanation

Question 13 of 87

1

Electroencephalogram (EEG):

Select one of the following:

  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from
    several neurons all combined together

  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function

  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull

Explanation

Question 14 of 87

1

X-ray Computer Tomography (CAT)

Select one of the following:

  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function

  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from several neurons all combined together

  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull

Explanation

Question 15 of 87

1

Single-Cell Recording:

Select one of the following:

  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull

  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from
    several neurons all combined together

  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function

Explanation

Question 16 of 87

1

Positron Emission Tomography (PET):

Select one of the following:

  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution

  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water

  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Explanation

Question 17 of 87

1

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Select one of the following:

  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution

  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water

  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Explanation

Question 18 of 87

1

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Select one of the following:

  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution

  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water

  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Explanation

Question 19 of 87

1

Hindbrain:

Select one of the following:

  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture,
    balance; Cerebellum

  • Coordinating movements, eye
    movements, auditory info

  • Hypothalamus, limbic system,
    thalamus, cortex

Explanation

Question 20 of 87

1

Midbrain

Select one of the following:

  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture,
    balance; Cerebellum

  • Coordinating movements, eye
    movements, auditory info

  • Hypothalamus, limbic system,
    thalamus, cortex

Explanation

Question 21 of 87

1

Forebrain:

Select one of the following:

  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture,
    balance; Cerebellum

  • Coordinating movements, eye
    movements, auditory info

  • Hypothalamus, limbic system,
    thalamus, cortex

Explanation

Question 22 of 87

1

Frontal Lobe:

Select one of the following:

  • Planning, working memory, motor
    control

  • Spatial location, manipulating objects,
    touch

  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory
    processing

  • Early visual processing

Explanation

Question 23 of 87

1

Parietal Lobe

Select one of the following:

  • Planning, working memory, motor
    control

  • Spatial location, manipulating objects,
    touch

  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory
    processing

  • Early visual processing

Explanation

Question 24 of 87

1

Temporal Lobe:

Select one of the following:

  • Planning, working memory, motor
    control

  • Spatial location, manipulating objects,
    touch

  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory
    processing

  • Early visual processing

Explanation

Question 25 of 87

1

Occipital Lobe

Select one of the following:

  • Planning, working memory, motor
    control

  • Spatial location, manipulating objects,
    touch

  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory
    processing

  • Early visual processing

Explanation

Question 26 of 87

1

Cones are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______

Select one of the following:

  • less, three, fovea

  • more, one, periphery

  • more, two, pupil

  • less, five, superior colliculus

Explanation

Question 27 of 87

1

Rods are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______

Select one of the following:

  • less, three, fovea

  • more, one, periphery

  • less, two, pupil

  • more, five, superior colliculus

Explanation

Question 28 of 87

1

Colorblindness is due to:

Select one of the following:

  • Which cones are present

  • Injury

  • Which rods are present

  • Because my mom said so

Explanation

Question 29 of 87

1

Information from one side of the visual field is routed to the _____ side of the brain.

Select one of the following:

  • contralateral

  • lateral

  • retinal

  • both

Explanation

Question 30 of 87

1

The superior colliculus is important for _____ movements

Select one of the following:

  • eye

  • hand

  • head

  • toe

Explanation

Question 31 of 87

1

The axons of the retinal ganglion cells lead from the retina to the________ of the ________

Select one of the following:

  • Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN), thannalmus

  • Primary Visual Cortex, V1 monocular

  • Cones, forebrain

  • Rods, hypothalamus

Explanation

Question 32 of 87

1

WHAT Pathway: Object recognition, receives information about color, orientation, form. Damage can cause visual agnosia; Inferotemporal Cortex

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 87

1

WHERE Pathway: Representing locations of things, includes representation of speed and direction of motion. Damage can cause spatial neglect; Located in the Posterior Parietal Cortex

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The word superiority effect is the data pattern in which research participants are more accurate and more efficient in recognizing letters if the letters appear within ( a word, isolation, nonsense ) than they are in recognizing letters appearing in ( isolation, a word, nonsense ).

Explanation

Question 35 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Repetition priming is a pattern of priming that occurs simply because a stimulus is presented ( a second time, at all, for the first time, in text )

Explanation

Question 36 of 87

1

A problem with object recognition is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Distance

  • Orientation

  • Depth

  • Spelling

  • Color

Explanation

Question 37 of 87

1

Biederman: Recognition-by-Components (RBC) assumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shapes, these simple shapes may be recognizable at different orientations. These shapes, known as _______, make up objects.

Select one of the following:

  • Geons

  • Klingon

  • Leons

  • Neons

Explanation

Question 38 of 87

1

The Feature Integration Theory: (Triesman and Gelade) proposes feature differences can be detected in parallel,_______. Different types of features must be combined using _______.

Select one of the following:

  • Without attention, with attention

  • With attention, without attention

  • With a little attention, with a lot of attention

  • With a lot of attention, with a little attention

Explanation

Question 39 of 87

1

Illusory Conjunctions:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Attention is necessary to combine features from different dimensions

  • If features cannot be correctly “bound” by attention, then they may be combined incorrectly

  • Experiment involving black letters and shapes

  • Assumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shape

  • Word appears for brief second, then “mask” follows at same position to stop processing of stimulus

Explanation

Question 40 of 87

1

According to Shiffrin and Schneider (1977), practice can eliminate interference in some tasks. To examine this, they used two different types of mapping. _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are not alike (i.e. numbers and letters). _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are the same

Select one of the following:

  • Consistent, varied

  • Varied, consistent

  • Consistent, interference

  • Interference, consistent

Explanation

Question 41 of 87

1

Each cognitive task draws on a collection of cognitive resources. When two tasks require the same resources, they:

Select one of the following:

  • Interfere with one another

  • Work together

  • Draw from the same resource with no effect

  • Cause the brain to explode

Explanation

Question 42 of 87

1

Long-term Memory (LTM):

Select one or more of the following:

  • Significantly larger capacity than STM

  • Info can remain in LTM for years

  • Info must be loaded into STM to be recalled

  • One way to get information into Long Term Memory is through rehearsal

  • Significantly smaller capacity than STM

  • Info can remain in LTM forever

  • Info doesn't need the STM to be recalled

Explanation

Question 43 of 87

1

The recency involves the recall of memory. In recalling,

Select one of the following:

  • Words are still in STM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)

  • Words are still in LTM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)

  • More rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a greater effect.

  • Less rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a smaller effect.

Explanation

Question 44 of 87

1

The primacy involves the recall of memory. In recalling,

Select one of the following:

  • Words are still in STM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)

  • Words are still in LTM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)

  • More rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect greater,

  • Less rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect smaller,

Explanation

Question 45 of 87

1

The phonological buffer is used:

Select one of the following:

  • as a passive storage system used for holding a representation of recently heard or self-produced sounds.

  • for storing visual materials such as mental images, in much the same way that the rehearsal loop stores speech-based materials.

  • with the proposal that this term is merely the name for an organized set of activities

  • to set goals, make plans for reaching those goals, and select the steps needed for implementing those plans.

Explanation

Question 46 of 87

1

What sort of symptoms ailed patient H.M.?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Severe anterograde amnesia,

  • Weak retrograde amnesia after surgery

  • No new explicit long term memories

  • Can carry on a normal conversation

  • Cannot carry on a normal conversation

  • Was able to remember everything prior to injury, but new memories are not retained

Explanation

Question 47 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Damage to the ( Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Cerebellum, Cortex ) and related brain structures impairs ability to form new long-term explicit memories, not working memory or implicit memory.

Explanation

Question 48 of 87

1

Subjects are generally faster to identify a word as a word if they have seen it recently. As with tachistoscopic reading, not a direct memory test, demonstrates some type of memory. The priming in this is another demonstration of memory without awareness, or implicit memory

Select one of the following:

  • Lexical Decision Task

  • Famous Names Test

  • Feature Integration Theory

  • Raven's Progressive Matrices

Explanation

Question 49 of 87

1

When identifying famous names, subjects often choose unknown names that they saw
24 hours previously. These names sometimes seem familiar, but without any source memory as to where they were seen. Shows the effect of exposure to a stimulus, without asking for explicit memory of the episode in which the stimulus was seen.

Select one of the following:

  • Famous Names Test

  • Lexical Decision Task

  • Feature Integration Theory

  • Intelligence Tests

Explanation

Question 50 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

According to Collins & Quillian (1969), it takes ( longer, the same amount of time ) to confirm that a canary is an animal than that a canary is a bird. Possibly because it takes ( longer, shorter, the same amount of time ) to reach in the hierarchy .

Explanation

Question 51 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

According to Anderson (1974), it takes ( longer, shorter, the same amount of time ) to build up activation when the nodes involved have ( many, few, no ) connections. This could be due to the Fan Effect: number of connections to a node.

Explanation

Question 52 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

According to Barbara Tversky, performance ( is better, is worse, is no different ) when subjects can tailor their encoding for the specific type of test.

Explanation

Question 53 of 87

1

Episodic memory:

Select one of the following:

  • Recall of event, recall generally requires a source memory

  • Being reminded of the learning context helps retrieval because the context is encoded along with the learned material

  • When a word seems familiar, but you cannot remember specifically learning/hearing it

  • Produce list of items seen before without examples

Explanation

Question 54 of 87

1

Syntax is:

Select one of the following:

  • Our ability to combine words into sentences.

  • Set of syntactic rules that determine whether a sequence of words is a
    grammatical sentence

  • If the structure of a sentence can be described by the phrase structure rules, then it is grammatical.

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 55 of 87

1

Broca's Aphasia

Select one of the following:

  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production

  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.

  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors

  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Explanation

Question 56 of 87

1

Wernicke's Aphasia

Select one of the following:

  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production.

  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.

  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors.

  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech.

Explanation

Question 57 of 87

1

Anomia:

Select one of the following:

  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production

  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.

  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors

  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Explanation

Question 58 of 87

1

Pure Word Deafness

Select one of the following:

  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production

  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.

  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors

  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Explanation

Question 59 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Image scanning done by Stephen Kosslyn found the ( longer, shorter ) the "distance" scanned in the image, the ( longer, lack of change ) the time before the scan is completed.

Explanation

Question 60 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

In tests of mental rotation done by Roger Shepard, reaction time ( increases, decreases, displays no change ) with the amount of rotation from the normal orientation.

Explanation

Question 61 of 87

1

A propositional, or descriptive, representation has:

Select one of the following:

  • a truth value

  • an untrue value

  • a value that cannot be deemed true or false

Explanation

Question 62 of 87

1

Analog (depictive) Representation is something about form of representation that ______ form of thing it represents.

Select one of the following:

  • matches

  • does not match the

  • is a true

  • is an untrue

Explanation

Question 63 of 87

1

According to Kosslyn, what does imagery rely on?

Select one of the following:

  • analog image buffer

  • phonological buffer

  • visual buffer

  • visiospatial buffer

Explanation

Question 64 of 87

1

When Bisiach & Luzzatti (1979) studied a patient from Milan with left neglect, they found:

Select one or more of the following:

  • They only attended to things on the right visual field

  • They only attended to things on the left visual field

  • Describes only buildings to the right

  • Describes only buildings to the left

  • When switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on right, which were the buildings previously ignored

  • When switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on left, which were the buildings previously ignored

Explanation

Question 65 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

( Availability, Representativeness, Frequency ) Heuristic: Strategy for estimating the frequency with which something occurs.

Explanation

Question 66 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

( Representativeness, Availibility, Probability ) Heuristic: Estimate probability that an exemplar belongs in a category by assessing how representative that event is of the appropriate category.

Explanation

Question 67 of 87

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Most people tend to seek ( confirming, disconfirming ) evidence rather than ( disconfirming, confirming ) evidence due to ( confirmation, disconfirmation ) bias.

Explanation

Question 68 of 87

1

In functional fixedness, there is a tendency to be rigid in thinking about an object’s function. The problem set is like a heuristic, which helps to reduce options, but may also eliminate possible solutions. What is the key for solving this problem?

Select one of the following:

  • Creativity

  • Logic

  • Hill-climbing problem solving

  • Means-end problem solving

Explanation

Question 69 of 87

1

Wallas (1926) argued that creative thought proceeds in four stages. What are these four stages?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Preparation

  • Incubation

  • Illumination

  • Verification

  • Intelligence

  • Fluid thinking

Explanation

Question 70 of 87

1

What is general intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • One pervasive measure. Factor analysis: looks for common factors—“ingredients”, reveals a general intelligence factor, or g

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems

  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

Explanation

Question 71 of 87

1

What is specialized intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • Each measure is separate

  • Own's emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems

Explanation

Question 72 of 87

1

What is hierarchical intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • Some aspects are shared across tests

  • Each measure is separate

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Explanation

Question 73 of 87

1

What is fluid intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.

  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Explanation

Question 74 of 87

1

What is crystallized intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings.

  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Explanation

Question 75 of 87

1

What is practical intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems

  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience

Explanation

Question 76 of 87

1

What is emotional intelligence?

Select one of the following:

  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems

  • One pervasive measure

Explanation

Question 77 of 87

1

What are some examples of Multiple Inteligences as proposed by Howard Gardner?

Select one or more of the following:

  • psychometric

  • linguistic

  • spatial

  • musical

  • naturalistic

  • tv fun facts

  • food recipes

Explanation

Question 78 of 87

1

Environment and genetics play the largest role in intelligence.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 79 of 87

1

In the Flynn Effect, intelligence decrease up 3 points per decade and can be genetic

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 80 of 87

1

There are no reliable difference between men and women in their overall IQ scores

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 81 of 87

1

Genetic similarities and economic differences are great for intelligence, leads to stereotype threats.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 82 of 87

1

The word “consciousness” is used to refer to a number of different things such as:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Awareness

  • Thinking

  • Self-consciousness

  • Experience

  • Ability

  • Grades

Explanation

Question 83 of 87

1

Awareness refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others

  • Solving problems, learning, executing

  • Introspection, mental representation of self

  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Explanation

Question 84 of 87

1

Thinking refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others

  • Solving problems, learning, executing

  • Introspection, mental representation of self

  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Explanation

Question 85 of 87

1

Self consciousness refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others.

  • Solving problems, learning, executing

  • Introspection, mental representation of self

  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Explanation

Question 86 of 87

1

Experience refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others.

  • Solving problems, learning, executing

  • Introspection, mental representation of self

  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Explanation

Question 87 of 87

1

A person has damage to primary visual cortex (V1) . Patient claims to be blind in affected area. When forced to guess about visual stimuli, responses more accurate than chance. They have access to visual information that they are unaware of. Even though they are unaware of this information, it can be used to guide their behavior as they avoid obstacles when walking. What does this patient have?

Select one of the following:

  • Broca's aphasia

  • Blindsight

  • Achromatopsia

  • Anomia

Explanation

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