Charlotte Jakes
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Nutrition and Metabolism Quiz on Vitamins, created by Charlotte Jakes on 27/12/2019.

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Charlotte Jakes
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Vitamins

Vitamins

Question 1 of 60

1

Check all the water-soluble vitamins.

Select one or more of the following:

  • B group vitamins

  • Vitamin C

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 2 of 60

1

Check all the fat-soluble vitamins.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin K

  • B group vitamins

  • Vitamin C

Explanation

Question 3 of 60

1

Which class of vitamins is stored, not absorbed/excreted easily and may be toxic in excess?

Select one of the following:

  • Fat soluble

  • Lipid soluble

Explanation

Question 4 of 60

1

Which class of vitamins is not stored, requires regular intake and is generally not toxic in excess?

Select one of the following:

  • Water soluble

  • Fat soluble

Explanation

Question 5 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

vitamin deficiency is caused by insufficient intake.
vitamin deficiency is caused by an underlying disorder such as malabsorption.
vitamin deficiency is caused by medical treatment.

Explanation

Question 6 of 60

1

Which vitamin is ascorbic acid?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin C

  • Vitamin B7

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 7 of 60

1

Vitamin C is an anti-oxidant nutrient.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Vitamin C is classed as an nutrient. This means it inhibits reactions. For example, it facilitates hydroxylation of proline and in formation by maintaining iron in its oxidation state. Vitamin C also reduces dietary Fe() to Fe() in the stomach to make it available for .

Explanation

Question 9 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A well-fed body has a month store of vitamin C. Symptoms of - vitamin C deficiency - begin to present months into a vitamin C deficient diet. The symptoms of scurvy include f, depression, g and impaired wound healing.

Explanation

Question 10 of 60

1

What daily dose of vitamin C can lead to diarrhea, nausea, heartburn and gastritis?

Select one of the following:

  • 2000-3000mg

  • 4000mg

  • 5000-6000mg

  • 200-300mg

Explanation

Question 11 of 60

1

All B group vitamins act as co-enzymes in metabolic pathways.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 60

1

Check the reasons for vitamin B deficiency being common amongst alcoholics.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Adequate energy intake from alcohol leads to anorexia

  • GI tract malfunction

  • Cirrhotic liver affects storage, transport and metabolism of vitamins

  • Alcohol increases appetite leading to increased food consumption

  • Alcohol dissolves vitamin B into different compounds meaning it isnt available to the body

Explanation

Question 13 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Fill in the blanks below to give the common names of each of the B group vitamins.
Vitamin B1 -
Vitamin B2 -
Vitamin B3 -
Vitamin B4 -
Vitamin B6 -
Vitamin B7-
Vitamin B9 -
Vitamin B12 -

Explanation

Question 14 of 60

1

Why does lactate accummulate in the muscles in vitamin B1/thiamin deficiency?

Select one of the following:

  • Thiamin required for glucose metabolism as thiamine pyrophosphate

  • Thiamin required for protein synthesis in the mitochondria

  • Thiamin acts as a cofactor to activate lactate dehydrogenase

  • Thiamin is required for oxygen binding to haemoglobin

Explanation

Question 15 of 60

1

What are thiaminases?

Select one of the following:

  • Enzymes that cleave thiamine to inactivate it

  • Coenzymes that activate thiamine

  • Enzymes that synthesise thiamine found in the intestinal flora

  • Enzymes that facilitate formation of thiamine pyrophosphate

Explanation

Question 16 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

is characterised by shortness of breath during physical activity, rapid heart rate, enlarged heart and oedema in the lower legs.
is characterised by decreased muscle function, tingling in the feet and hands and confusion.
syndrome is characterised by confusion, ataxia causing leg tremors, abnormal eye movements. it is seen mainly in alcoholics.

Explanation

Question 17 of 60

1

Wet/dry beriberi and Wernicke/Korsakoff syndrome are caused by a deficiency of which vitamin?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B1/thiamin

  • Vitamin C/ascorbic acid

  • Vitamin B7/biotin

  • Vitamin B2/riboflavin

Explanation

Question 18 of 60

1

What is vitamin B2/riboflavin a precursor of?

Select one of the following:

  • FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotide)

  • NAD

  • Riboflavin pyrophosphate

  • Dopamine

Explanation

Question 19 of 60

1

Why are diets with inadequate protein intake likely to be inadequate in riboflavin also?

Select one of the following:

  • Riboflavin is protein-bound

  • Riboflavin is only found in red meat

  • Riboflavin is synthesised from proline amino acids

  • Riboflavin requires histidine for activation by deprotonation

Explanation

Question 20 of 60

1

Deficiency of which vitamin results in cheilosis (inflammation of the lips), angular stomatitis (inflammation in the corners of the mouth) and cataracts?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B2/riboflavin

  • Vitamin B5/panthotenic acid

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 21 of 60

1

What name is given to chemical compounds that have a similar molecular structure and will relieve a particular vitamin deficiency?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamers

  • Vitoisomers

  • Deficoisomers

  • Vitamines

Explanation

Question 22 of 60

1

What are the vitamers of vitamin B3/niacin?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Nicotinic acid

  • Nicotinamide

  • Nicotine

  • Nicotinic receptors

Explanation

Question 23 of 60

1

Vitamin B3/niacin is a precursor to both NAD and NADP.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 60

1

Why do high-protein diets have no additional requirement for niacin?

Select one of the following:

  • Niacin can be formed from tryptophan

  • Niacin can be formed from phenylalanine

  • Niacin is protein-bound

  • Amino acids can form precursors to NAD

Explanation

Question 25 of 60

1

What name is given to vitamin B3/niacin deficiency?

Select one of the following:

  • Pellagra

  • Dry beriberi

  • Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

  • Megaloblastic anaemia

Explanation

Question 26 of 60

1

The symptoms of pellagra include the 4 D's. What are they?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Dermatitis

  • Diarrhea

  • Dementia

  • Death

  • Dark urine

  • Dehydration

  • Delirium

  • Decreased appetite

Explanation

Question 27 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Vitamin B5 is also known as . It is used in h and metabolism where it forms a component of .

Explanation

Question 28 of 60

1

A deficiency of which vitamin is characterised by numbing of the hands and feet, headache, irritability and restlessness?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B5/panthotenic acid

  • Vitamin B9/folate

  • Vitamin B12/cobalamin

  • Vitamin E

Explanation

Question 29 of 60

1

Which vitamin is a prosthetic group for carboxylations, for example the formation of malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B12/cobalamin

  • Vitamin B7/biotin

  • Vitamin C

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 30 of 60

1

Vitamin B7 deficiency commonly occurs due to long term antibiotic therapy resulting in sterilisation of the GI tract.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The active form of vitamin B6, or , is . This is requires for transaminations and in amino acid and the synthesis of .

Explanation

Question 32 of 60

1

Deficiency of vitamin B6/pyridoxine is secondary to the presence of antagonists, such as isoniazid in the treatment of TB.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 60

1

Which vitamin can be used in the treatment of seizures, Down's syndrome and autism?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B6/pyridoxine

  • Vitamin B5/panthotenic acid

  • VItamin B3/niacin

  • Vitamin C/ascorbic acid

Explanation

Question 34 of 60

1

Which B group vitamin forms a carrier of 1C units required in purine/pyramidine synthesis, amino acid metabolism etc?

Select one of the following:

  • B9/folate

  • B12/cobalamin

  • B7/biotin

  • B5/panthotenic acid

Explanation

Question 35 of 60

1

Vitamin B9 supplements in pregnancy reduce the risk of what?

Select one of the following:

  • Post-natal haemorrhage

  • Neural tube defects

  • Mutations in foetal haemoglobin

  • Down's syndrome

Explanation

Question 36 of 60

1

VItamin B12/cobalamin is a carrier of methyl groups in metabolism, for example in the metabolism of odd-chain fatty acids.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 37 of 60

1

What is a common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Select one of the following:

  • Lack of intrinsic factor because vitamin B12 requires binding to this for absorption

  • Lack of intestinal mucosa meaning B12 cannot be absorbed

  • Sterilisation of colon meaning gut flora cannot synthesise B12

  • Low protein intake

Explanation

Question 38 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Fill in the blanks below to describe the link between vitamin B9/folate deficiency and vitamin B12/cobalamin deficiency.
Folate is converted to which forms a pool of derivatives, each with carbon. All of these derivatives are except for . is required for the conversion of to . Therefore, both folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies show low levels of .

Explanation

Question 39 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Low levels of result in inadequate synthesis. Haemopoietic cells die i the without completing their . This causes anaemia - the body forms fewer enlarged cells which cannot exit the bone marrow. Symptoms of megaloblastic anaemia include f and shortness of breath.

Explanation

Question 40 of 60

1

Deficiency of which B group vitamin causes myelin impairment due to its involvement in synthesis and maintenance?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B12/cobalamin

  • Vitamin B7/biotin

  • Vitamin B3/niacin

  • Vitamin B2/riboflavin

Explanation

Question 41 of 60

1

Why does vitamin B12 deficiency cause numbness in the arms and hands, loss of position sense, unsteadiness and confusion?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin B12 required for myelin synthesis

  • Vitamin B12 breaks down myelin

  • Vitamin B12 required for acetylcholine synthesis

  • Vitamin B12 breaks down acetylcholine

Explanation

Question 42 of 60

1

Which fat-soluble vitamin is also referred to as retinol?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 43 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

One of the active forms of /retinol is . This is a hormone that binds to specific receptors to affect gene .
Another active form is . This is involved in vision via the conversion of light energy to optical nerve impulses in the .

Explanation

Question 44 of 60

1

Deficiency of which fat-soluble vitamin causes night blindness?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 45 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A deficiency of vitamin A/ can prevent epithelial cells from mucopolysaccharides. This leads to progressive of the cornea (xeropthalmia) followed by clouding and drying of the cornea () which leads to irreversible .

Explanation

Question 46 of 60

1

When is vitamin A toxicity possible?

Select one of the following:

  • Supplementation for acne or colds

  • Supplementation during pregnancy

  • Large intake of whole milk

  • Low intake of egg

Explanation

Question 47 of 60

1

Which vitamin helps to maintain membrane structure and prostaglandin metabolism by preventing oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by free radicals?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin K

Explanation

Question 48 of 60

1

Why does vitamin E deficiency occur in premature, low birth weight infants?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin E doesn't cross placenta easily

  • Infants have inactive enzymes for vitamin E metabolism

  • Infants do not have vitamin E transport proteins

  • Low birth weight infants struggle to digest milk

Explanation

Question 49 of 60

1

Why is vitamin E deficiency characterised by haemolytic anaemia?

Select one of the following:

  • Red blood cell membranes are unstable due to oxidation of PUFA

  • Red blood cell membranes are unstable due to lack of oxidation of PUFA

  • Lack of lymphocyte synthesis

  • Lack of haem synthesis

Explanation

Question 50 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Vitamin D3 or binds to receptors that interact with DNA.
Vitamin D2 or and cholecalciferol maintain correct plasma and phosphate levels. This helps to achieve proper bone .

Explanation

Question 51 of 60

1

Rickets is a reduction of the mineral:matrix bone ratio.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 52 of 60

1

Osteomalacia is a reduction of the mineral:matrix bone ratio.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 53 of 60

1

Osteoporosis is a reduction in the mineral:matrix bone ratio.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 54 of 60

1

What condition caused by vitamin D deficiency results in the bending of long bones, kyphosis (rounding of the upper back due to excessive curvature of the spine) and delayed tooth eruption?

Select one of the following:

  • Rickets

  • Osteomalacia

  • Osteoporosis

  • Scurvy

Explanation

Question 55 of 60

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

High levels of Vitamin D can cause . This causes nausea, v and weakness. It can also cause of the heart, lungs and kidneys.

Explanation

Question 56 of 60

1

UV light acts on cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol precursors in the skin to give their active forms.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 57 of 60

1

Which fat-soluble vitamin is required for blood clotting, bone metabolism and the regulation of blood calcium levels?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin K

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin A

Explanation

Question 58 of 60

1

Vitamin K can be synthesised by the gut flora of the jejunum and ileum.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 59 of 60

1

Why are infants vulnerable to intracranial haemorrhages?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin K does not cross the placenta easily so infants have defective blood clotting

  • Vitamin E does not cross the placenta easily so infants have defective blood clotting

  • Vitamin K does not cross the placenta easily so infants have less fortified skulls

  • Vitamin K does not cross the placenta easily so capillary endothelium is easily damaged in infants

Explanation

Question 60 of 60

1

Toxicity of which fat-soluble vitamin can block oral anticoagulants, cause haemolytic anaemia and hyperbilirubinemia?

Select one of the following:

  • Vitamin K

  • Vitamin E

  • Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

Explanation

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