The Stomach and Spleen

Question 1 of 57

1

In which regions of the abdomen is the stomach located? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Right hypochondrium
Epigastric
Left hypochondrium
Right lumbar
Umbilical
Left lumbar
Right iliac
Supra-pubic
Left iliac

Explanation

Question 2 of 57

1

What is visceroptosis?

Select one of the following:

Prolapse/sinking of the abdominal viscera below their natural position
Pathological shrinking of the abdominal viscera to a smaller size
Pathological enlargement of the abdominal viscera to a larger size
Development of scar tissue on the outer layers of the abdominal viscera causing them to become 'fused' together

Explanation

Question 3 of 57

1

Loss of tone in the stomach can occur due to loss of adequate nervous supply by the vagus nerve.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 4 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to give the names of each stomach shape based on its tone.

Explanation

Question 5 of 57

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the different body types shown here. These body types will have different tones to their stomachs (i.e. skinnier, taller people will have taller, thinner stomachs.)

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Ectomorph

Mesomorph

Endomorph

Explanation

Question 6 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to show the parts of the stomach.

Explanation

Question 7 of 57

1

What do glands in the pylorus secrete?

Select one of the following:

Gastrin
Hydrochloric acid
Mucus
Pepsinogen

Explanation

Question 8 of 57

1

Which of the following substances are secreted by glands in the body of the stomach?

Select one or more of the following:

Hydrochloric acid
Mucus
Pepsinogen
Intrinsic factor
Gastrin
Vitamin B12
Secretin

Explanation

Question 9 of 57

1

What type of epithelium is found in the oesophagus?

Select one of the following:

Non-keratinising stratified squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Keratinising stratified squamous

Explanation

Question 10 of 57

1

What epithelium is found in the cardia?

Select one of the following:

Simple columnar
Simple cuboidal
Keratinising stratified squamous
Non-keratinising stratified squamous

Explanation

Question 11 of 57

1

There is no true sphincter as the gastroesophageal junction.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 12 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Fill in the blanks below to describe the structures surrounding the gastresophageal junction.
There is no lower oesophageal sphincter because the muscular wall of the oseophagus does not at this region. However, at the oseophageal hiatus in the , the muscle of the diaphragm loops around the . This creates a functional sphincter whereby of the diaphragm controls entry into the stomach.

Explanation

Question 13 of 57

1

Where is there a true sphincter in the stomach?

Select one of the following:

Pylorus
Body
Gastroesophageal junction
Incisura angularis
Fundus

Explanation

Question 14 of 57

1

Why is the duodenum located slightly above the pyloric antrum, creating the stomach's J shape?

Select one of the following:

Controls entry of chyme into the duodenum by counteracting gravity
Enhances peristaltic contractions of the stomach
The duodenum moves upwards when the pyloric sphincter contracts
The duodenum's mesentery holds it slightly above the pyloric antrum

Explanation

Question 15 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

An empty stomach contains a minimum of ml of chyme. A full stomach can hold up to l of chyme. Storage occurs in the stomach for around hours before emptying into the duodenum.

Explanation

Question 16 of 57

1

Alcohol and aspirin are absorbed in the stomach.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 17 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This diagram shows the innermost layer of the gut wall - the mucosa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 18 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This image shows the intermediate layer of the gut wall - the submucosa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 19 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This image shows the outermost layer of the gut wall - muscularis externa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 20 of 57

1

Why are there accessory ducts in the mucosal layer of the gut wall?

Select one of the following:

Ducts flow from other abdominal organs (pancreas, liver) into the gut
Allows secretion of hormones
Allows secretion of gastric acid
Allows absorption of nutrients

Explanation

Question 21 of 57

1

What is the submucosal plexus also known as?

Select one of the following:

Meissner's plexus
Auerbach's plexus

Explanation

Question 22 of 57

1

What is the myenteric plexus also known as?

Select one of the following:

Auerbach's plexus
Meissener's plexus

Explanation

Question 23 of 57

1

The gut wall is accessed by blood vessels and nerves via the particular organ's adventitia or serosa.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 24 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

An is a connective tissue surrounding the retroperitoneal organs of the gut.
A is peritoneal membranes wrapping around the intraperitoneal organs of the gut.

Explanation

Question 25 of 57

1

The foregut and midgut receive parasympathetic innervation from what?

Select one of the following:

Vagus nerve
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
T6-T9
Superior hypogastric plexus

Explanation

Question 26 of 57

1

The hindgut receives parasympathetic innervation from what?

Select one of the following:

Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Vagus nerve
T6-T9
Superior hypogastric plexus

Explanation

Question 27 of 57

1

The stomach has an additional inner layer of its muscularis externa known as the oblique muscle.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 28 of 57

1

What name is given to the folds of the mucosal layer of the stomach that allow expansion of the stomach upon addition of chyme?

Select one of the following:

Rugae/gastric folds
Cisternae
Villi
Gastric cristae

Explanation

Question 29 of 57

1

Venous drainage of the stomach drains back to what?

Select one of the following:

Coeliac trunk
Hepatic portal system
Superior mesenteric vein
Inferior mesenteric vein

Explanation

Question 30 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to show the venous drainage of the stomach. It's not as complicated as it looks!

Explanation

Question 31 of 57

1

The venous drainage of the oesophagus occurs mainly via which vein?

Select one of the following:

Azygous vein
Splenic vein
Right gastro-omental vein
Hepatic portal vein

Explanation

Question 32 of 57

1

What will happen to the venous drainage of the stomach of the hepatic portal vein is blocked?

Select one of the following:

Drainage diverted up to the azygous veins causing the anastamoses to swell
Drainage diverted down to the superior mesenteric vein
Drainage stops as it has no alternate route
Drainage diverted down to the inferior mesenteric vein

Explanation

Question 33 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to show the arterial supply to the stomach.

Explanation

Question 34 of 57

1

Ultimately, where do all of the lymphatic nodes of the stomach drain to?

Select one of the following:

Pre-aortic coeliac nodes
Para-aortic coeliac nodes
Left gastric nodes
Pyloric nodes

Explanation

Question 35 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to show the lymph nodes of the stomach.

Explanation

Question 36 of 57

1

Only the gut lymphatics drain to the pre-aortic lymph nodes. Where do the other organ lymphatics drain to?

Select one of the following:

Para-aortic nodes
Coeliac nodes
Para-caval nodes
Pre-caval nodes

Explanation

Question 37 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The sympathetic nerve supply to the stomach arises from the ganglion. Preganglionic sympathetic nerves arise from spinal nerves T-T and synapse in this ganglion. Postganglionic sympathetic nerves synapse at the .
branches of these sympathetic nerves refer pain to the region.
branches of these sympathetic nerves facilitate vaso and inhibit .

Explanation

Question 38 of 57

1

Which branch of the vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the posterior of the stomach?

Select one of the following:

Right vagus
Left vagus

Explanation

Question 39 of 57

1

Which branch of the vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the anterior of the stomach?

Select one of the following:

Left vagus
Right vagus

Explanation

Question 40 of 57

1

The vagus nerve stimulates motor and secretory functions of the stomach.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 41 of 57

1

Between which ribs does the spleen sit?

Select one of the following:

9th and 11th
10th and 12th
9th and 12th
8th and 9th

Explanation

Question 42 of 57

1

The spleen is not normally palpable.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 43 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

To palpate the spleen, we need to lower it by palpation. The on the anterior border of the spleen can be visible through the skin when the spleen is .

Explanation

Question 44 of 57

1

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label the visceral surface of the spleen to show its relations.

Explanation

Question 45 of 57

1

Drag and drop this image to label the internal structure of the stomach.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Longitudinal muscle

Circular muscle

Oblique muscle

Rugae

Pyloric antrum

Pyloric sphincter

Pyloric canal

Pylorus

Explanation

Question 46 of 57

1

When does the common hepatic artery become the proper hepatic artery?

Select one of the following:

When it gives off the gastroduodenal artery
When it gives off the left hepatic artery
When it gives off the cystic artery
When it gives off the left gastric artery

Explanation

Question 47 of 57

1

Which branch off the proper hepatic artery occurs first?

Select one of the following:

Left hepatic artery
Right hepatic artery
Cystic artery

Explanation

Question 48 of 57

1

Where does the right gastric artery branch off of?

Select one of the following:

The proper hepatic artery
The common hepatic artery
The splenic artery
The coeliac trunk

Explanation

Question 49 of 57

1

What do the superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries branch off of?

Select one of the following:

The gastroduodenal artery
The common hepatic artery
The right gastric artery
The left gastric artery

Explanation

Question 50 of 57

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the arterial supply to the stomach.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Coeliac trunk

Common hepatic artery

Proper hepatic artery

Right gastric artery

Gastroduodenal artery

Superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Right gastroepiploic artery

Left gastroepiploic artery

Splenic artery

Short gastric arteries

Oesophageal artery

Left gastric artery

Explanation

Question 51 of 57

1

The coeliac trunk gives rise to which of the following arteries?

Select one or more of the following:

Left gastric artery
Common hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Right gastric artery
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Short gastric artery
Gastroduodenal artery

Explanation

Question 52 of 57

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the branches of the coeliac trunk.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Coeliac trunk

Aorta

Splenic artery

Left gastric artery

Common hepatic artery

Gastroduodenal artery

Supraduodenal artery

Right gastric artery

Proper hepatic artery

Left hepatic artery

Middle hepatic artery

Right hepatic artery

Cystic artery

Explanation

Question 53 of 57

1

The spleen is an intraperitoneal organ.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 54 of 57

1

Where would you find the branches of the vagus nerve on the stomach?

Select one of the following:

Along the lesser curvature
Along the greater curvature
Along the gastroepiploic vessels
Along the splenic vessels

Explanation

Question 55 of 57

1

Where does the spleen develop?

Select one of the following:

The dorsal mesogastrium
The ventral mesogastrium
Outside of the peritoneal cavity
In the greater omentum

Explanation

Question 56 of 57

1

What is derived from the dorsal mesogastrium?

Select one of the following:

The greater omentum
The lesser omentum
The falciform ligament
The hepatoduodenal ligament

Explanation

Question 57 of 57

1

The gastroduodenal artery descends posterior to the first part of the duodenum.

Select one of the following:

True
False

	Created by Charlotte Jakes over 4 years ago

University Functional Anatomy and Embryology Quiz on The Stomach and Spleen, created by Charlotte Jakes on 28/12/2019.

The Stomach and Spleen

Question 1 of 57

In which regions of the abdomen is the stomach located? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 57

What is visceroptosis?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 57

Loss of tone in the stomach can occur due to loss of adequate nervous supply by the vagus nerve.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 57

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to give the names of each stomach shape based on its tone.

Explanation

Question 5 of 57

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the different body types shown here. These body types will have different tones to their stomachs (i.e. skinnier, taller people will have taller, thinner stomachs.)

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 6 of 57

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

Label this image to show the parts of the stomach.

Explanation

Question 7 of 57

What do glands in the pylorus secrete?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 57

Which of the following substances are secreted by glands in the body of the stomach?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 57

What type of epithelium is found in the oesophagus?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 57

What epithelium is found in the cardia?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 57

There is no true sphincter as the gastroesophageal junction.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 57

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 13 of 57

Where is there a true sphincter in the stomach?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 57

Why is the duodenum located slightly above the pyloric antrum, creating the stomach's J shape?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 57

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

An empty stomach contains a minimum of ml of chyme. A full stomach can hold up to l of chyme. Storage occurs in the stomach for around hours before emptying into the duodenum.

Explanation

Question 16 of 57

Alcohol and aspirin are absorbed in the stomach.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 57

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This diagram shows the innermost layer of the gut wall - the mucosa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 18 of 57

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This image shows the intermediate layer of the gut wall - the submucosa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 19 of 57

Click on each orange point and write the correct answer.

This image shows the outermost layer of the gut wall - muscularis externa. Label it.

Explanation

Question 20 of 57

Why are there accessory ducts in the mucosal layer of the gut wall?

Select one of the following:

An is a connective tissue surrounding the retroperitoneal organs of the gut.
A is peritoneal membranes wrapping around the intraperitoneal organs of the gut.