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vikki.hodge
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Medical Microbiology Mind Map on Antibiotic Targets and modes, created by vikki.hodge on 18/09/2013.
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medical microbiology
medical microbiology
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vikki.hodge
over 11 years ago
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216560
mind_map
2016-04-26T00:31:04Z
Antibiotic Targets and
modes
Act on the Cell Wall
relatively inexpensive
Target Ribosomes
Inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Anti-metabolites
non-toxic (can be administered in high doses)
Penicillin
contains bete-Lactam ring.
beta-lactam inhibits the cross link between peptidoglycan
between NAM and NAG in the bacterial cell wall
the bete-lactam ring binds with the enzyme
that produces these linkages
the enzyme that hydrolises
these bonds continue to work
making the cell wall weak, the
osmotic pressure will continue
to rise eventually causing the
cell to burst and die
usually on gram positive as there is a single cell wall
Blocks the division of the bacteria
Sulfonamides
inhibit the production of folic acid an important metabolite
in DNA synthesis therefor cells are unable to divide
humans require folic acid but the get it through diet and
we do not synthesis it therefor this is effective against
organismis that rely on folic acid synthesis
selective toxicity
competitive inhibition of
dihydropterate synthetase (DHPS)
DHPS catalyses tconversion of PABA to
dihydropterate in folate synthesis pathway
inhibits the use of a metabolite which is part of normal metabolism
can have a toxic effect on cells such as halt
growth and cell division (sometimes used in
cancer treatments)
Streptomycin
cannot be administered orally but instead
by regular intramuscular injections
targets protein synthesis
binds to the 30s subunits of the bacterial
ribosome, this misleads the DNA codon
eventually causing inhibition of protein
synthesis
by binding to the 30s subunit it interferes with the 50s subunit whcih associates with
mRNA. as a result an unstable mRNA strand is produced meaning the incorect AA
acids are coded for and therefore the worn proteing are produced causing cell death
can be used on both gran negative
and positive making it a broad
spectrum antibiotic
bacterial ribosomes are different than that of
humans meaning that it has specific toxicity
Qunilones
broad spectrum
prevent DNA from unwinding and duplicating
targets DNA gyrasa (topoisomerase) which causes
the DNA to unwind during DNA replication.
used to treat certain infections (UTIs) caused by gram negative bacteria
enter cells via pores therefore often
used to treat intracellular infections
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216560
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2016-04-26T00:31:04Z
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