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Quiz on Ultrasound Physics, created by genevieve_f94 on 23/09/2013.

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Ultrasound Physics

Question 1 of 24

1

What is the term for an area of the image where there is no returning echoes (black)

Select one of the following:

  • hypoechoic

  • anechoic

  • echogenic

Explanation

Question 2 of 24

1

What are the advantages of ultrasound?

Select one of the following:

  • Good soft tissue information, real time, no ionising radiation and accurate measure of structures

  • Can carry out blood studies, relatively quick and cost effective, highly operator dependant, image interpretation

  • Can carry out blood studies, ionising radiation, real time and accurate measure of structures

  • Highly operator dependant, accurate measure of structures, image interpretation, highly operator dependant

Explanation

Question 3 of 24

1

True or False. The frequency of ultrasound is below the human hearing?

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 24

1

What frequency range is used for ultrasound?

Select one of the following:

  • 20-20,000Hz

  • 1-20MHz

  • 20-40MHz

  • 1-20Hz

Explanation

Question 5 of 24

1

What are the four basic components of ultrasound equipment?

Select one of the following:

  • Transducer, monitor for display, housing with electronics and controls, coupling gel

  • Transducer, timing device, housing with electronics and controls, recording device

  • Transducer, monitor for display, housing with electronics and controls, recording device

  • Transducer, timing device, housing with electronics and controls, coupling gel

Explanation

Question 6 of 24

1

When was the piezoelectric effect discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie?

Select one of the following:

  • 1980

  • 1950

  • 1850

  • 1880

Explanation

Question 7 of 24

1

Name the two basic waves by which energy can be transmitted from one point to another

Select one of the following:

  • electromagnetic and mechanical waves

  • sound and mechanical waves

Explanation

Question 8 of 24

1

True or False? Light and X-rays are electromagnetic waves

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 24

1

What are mechanical waves described as?

Select one of the following:

  • propagation of energy through a medium by cyclic pressure variations

  • distinguished by energy, frequency and wavelength

  • Man-made forces changing the frequency of the wave

  • similar to ocean waves

Explanation

Question 10 of 24

1

Which of the following deformable elastic mediums can be used for propagation?

Select one of the following:

  • Air

  • Water

  • Soft tissue

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 11 of 24

1

What is the frequency of a wave?

Select one of the following:

  • The difference between maximum value and equilibrium value

  • Length of one cycle

  • The number of cycles that occur per second

  • The speed of the soundwave as it passes through the tissue

Explanation

Question 12 of 24

1

True or false? With heavier molecules the sound transmits with faster velocity

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 24

1

True or False? With more compressable materials (eg air) the sound transmits at a lower velocity

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 24

1

What part of the beam affects the strength of the echo?

Select one of the following:

  • intensity

  • transducer

  • shadowing

  • placement

Explanation

Question 15 of 24

1

What is the change in direction of an ultrasound beam when it crosses a boundary at an angle?

Select one of the following:

  • Rarefraction

  • Attenuation

  • Beam angling

  • Focusing

Explanation

Question 16 of 24

1

What do the attenuation processes include?

Select one or more of the following:

  • absorption

  • Divergence

  • Scattering

  • Reflection

Explanation

Question 17 of 24

1

Which of the following has the lowest attenuation coefficient?

Select one of the following:

  • Blood

  • Lung

  • Soft Tissue

  • Brain

Explanation

Question 18 of 24

1

Absorption

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is a result of internal friction forces

  • Is when ultrasound energy is converted into heat

  • Is the change of direction the beam takes when passing through different structures

  • Directly removes energy from the beam

Explanation

Question 19 of 24

1

True or false? Beam divergence cannot occur after refraction of a curved surface

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 24

1

What is Rayleigh scattering?

Select one of the following:

  • When the interface the beam hits is

  • When the interface the beam hits is >1 wavelength, scattering occurs equally in two directions

  • When the interface the beam hits is >1 wavelength, scattering occurs equally in all directions

Explanation

Question 21 of 24

1

Why is scatter a disadvantage?

Select one or more of the following:

  • only a small portion of the beam returns to the transducer

  • It creates radiation dose to the patient

  • scattered waves interact with each other to form back scatter patterns

  • Mentally affects the operator

Explanation

Question 22 of 24

1

Which kind of reflection occurs when a soundwave strikes a large smooth surface?

Select one of the following:

  • non-specular

  • diffuse

  • specular

  • acoustic

Explanation

Question 23 of 24

1

What is acoustic impedance a product of?

Select one of the following:

  • the material's density and velocity of ultrasound in the material

  • the ultrasound's density and the velocity of the material

  • the weight of the transducer and the velocity of ultrasound in the material

  • the interface beam angle and the material density

Explanation

Question 24 of 24

1

True or False? Far gain is the amount of gain applied to the distant echoes

Select one of the following:

  • True

  • False

Explanation

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