jgermaney
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a detailed quiz into every aspect of Russian social, economic, military and political changes and developments through the years 1855 - 1917. Testing your knowledge on specific facts and figures for each topic and strengths and weaknesses of the tsarist regime.

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Tsarist Russia 1855 - 1917 AS Level Unit 1 Quiz

Tsarist Russia 1855 - 1917 AS Level Unit 1 Quiz

Question 1 of 171

1

How vast was Russia

Select one or more of the following:

  • 8 million square miles twice the size of Europe and a sixth of the earths surface.

  • 4 million square miles but smaller than China

Explanation

Question 2 of 171

1

How inhospitable was RUssia in 1855?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Over two thirds

  • Half

Explanation

Question 3 of 171

1

Russia had huge amounts of natural resources why didn't it use them? ( 1855 )

Select one or more of the following:

  • Lack of industrialisation

  • They didn't want to

Explanation

Question 4 of 171

1

What was the population of Russia in 1855?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Around 69 million

  • 67 million

Explanation

Question 5 of 171

1

How many were ethnic Russian of the population of 69 million in 1855?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Less than half

  • 85%

Explanation

Question 6 of 171

1

How much of the population lived in European Russia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 3/4

  • 1/2

Explanation

Question 7 of 171

1

What percentage of the population of 69 million in 1855 were serfs?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 85%

  • 54%

Explanation

Question 8 of 171

1

What percentage of the population in Russia (1855) were literate?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 28%

  • 40%

Explanation

Question 9 of 171

1

Landowners owned the land they were 10% of the total population, how much land did they hold?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 75% of all of Russia

  • 50% of all of Russia

Explanation

Question 10 of 171

1

What political system was Russia under in 1855 - 1917

Select one or more of the following:

  • Constitutional government

  • Tsarist Autocracy

Explanation

Question 11 of 171

1

How big was the army and what was the selection process

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1.5million peasant conscripts

  • 1.6million conscription of all classes from the age of 20

Explanation

Question 12 of 171

1

In the army's promotion of the higher ranks was promoted by?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Birth into higher classes

  • Skill and merit

Explanation

Question 13 of 171

1

In 1855 what was the time a peasant should serve in the army?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 25 years

  • 15 years

Explanation

Question 14 of 171

1

Where did the conscripted serfs stay when in reserves?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Army colonies

  • Military colleges

Explanation

Question 15 of 171

1

In an early attempt to reduce serfdom in 1803 Alexader I had made it legal for landowners to sell their land to serfs

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 171

1

How many people took advantage of Alexander I reform to land ownership in 1803 - 1855?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 100,000

  • 378,000

Explanation

Question 17 of 171

1

Several Baltic States had already abolished serfdom

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 171

1

Nicholas I had convened 10 secret councils to discuss the issue of serfdom and had concluded?

Select one or more of the following:

  • That it was ' an evil palpable to all '

  • That it ' needed to be abolished for the economy to move forward '

Explanation

Question 19 of 171

1

After a series of secret meetings in what years did Alexander II tour the country try making pro emancipation speeches?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1858 - 1859

  • 1856 - 1857

Explanation

Question 20 of 171

1

Who did Alexander II make these speeches to?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Peasants and nobles

  • Nobles

Explanation

Question 21 of 171

1

Alexander II, several months after setting up groups of nobles to draw up plans for emancipation ( unpresidented inclusion of the people in tsarist legislation) what did he do

Select one or more of the following:

  • Set up a commission of 38 led by Nicholas Milyutin that drew up an edict

  • Went for lunch in St. Petersburg with Milyutin brothers

Explanation

Question 22 of 171

1

The edict only initially applied to privately owned serfs and this left 27 million exempt

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 171

1

In the emancipationn serfs were to be released from bondage and become free men with legal rights?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 171

1

Each family of serfs excluding domestic serfs received what?

Select one or more of the following:

  • A cottage and an average 9 acre allotment

  • A Lifetime supply of wood-shaving porridge

Explanation

Question 25 of 171

1

In what way were the nobles compensated for their loss of land?

Select one or more of the following:

  • With money in the form of government bonds

  • With a letter from Alexander saying sorry

Explanation

Question 26 of 171

1

In what method and for how long would serfs pay for their allotted land?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Via redemption payments over 10 years with 7% interest per annum

  • Via redemption payments over 49 years with 6% per annum

Explanation

Question 27 of 171

1

Emancipated serfs were to stay within their Mir until they or their families had payed reparation payments in full

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 28 of 171

1

What did the Mir govern ( village communes )

Select one or more of the following:

  • Distribution of land and payment collections

  • Serf working hours ( after emancipation )

Explanation

Question 29 of 171

1

Serfs had to continue to pay obrock for 2 years after the emancipation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 171

1

Landowners would maintain ownership of meadows pasture and woodland after the emancipation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 171

1

Communal fields were to be held by the mir and farmed by any previous serfs?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 32 of 171

1

Volosts were formed to supervise the Mir and acted as a form of peasant self government and from 1863 had thier own courts

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 171

1

In theory the process of freeing 21 million private serfs would take 2 years how long did it actually take?

Select one of the following:

  • Just over 3 years

  • 20 years

Explanation

Question 34 of 171

1

Who felt that the emancipation hadn't fully met thier interests?

Select one of the following:

  • Nobles and peasants

  • Peasants

Explanation

Question 35 of 171

1

What were the peasants called that bought land from less prosperous serfs and produced surplus grain.

Select one of the following:

  • Kulaks

  • Prosperous ex serfs

Explanation

Question 36 of 171

1

The nobles found the compensation useful what did many of them do with them?

Select one or more of the following:

  • pay off debts and invest in railways, banking, industry and cities

  • Buy a new houses with servents

Explanation

Question 37 of 171

1

Russian industrialisation couldn't keep up with the influx of peasants into the cities, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 171

1

under what system were the serfs who had sold their land allowed to travel to the cities?

Select one or more of the following:

  • internal passport system

  • the internal transport system

Explanation

Question 39 of 171

1

many peasants resented the redemption payments and the lack of real change in their situations, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 171

1

tick the statements that are true about land relocation after the emancipation of the serfs in 1861...

Select one or more of the following:

  • the average plot of land for serfs in Russia was about 9 acres

  • the plot sizes decreased in the Ukraine by approx. 30.8%

  • only 50 % of peasants were able to produce a surplus of grain due to increasing agricultural backwardness

  • nobles often gave the best land to peasants in sympathy

  • as nobles and landowners were in charge of the volosts and zemstvas they often allocated the best strips of land to themselves and set prices for land above the market value giving peasants less money to spend on consumer goods decreasing internal market demand, in turn this meant the likelihood of industrialisation was low as there was no need of consumer goods.

  • nobles didn't sell their land as it wasn't the law

Explanation

Question 41 of 171

1

the Mir proved to be conservative in outlook and stood in the way of new industrial farming techniques from being implemented on farms, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 42 of 171

1

tick the different attributes that the Mir governed on a local basis...

Select one or more of the following:

  • issuing internal passports for movement within Russia

  • could take away rights of peasants

  • controlled tax and redemption payments

  • could take peasants to court

  • was made up of mostly peasants and elected by peasants

Explanation

Question 43 of 171

1

disruptions broke out between landowners and peasants over redemption payments and land, in the four months following the Edict of 1861 how many riots were there?

Select one of the following:

  • 647

  • 500

  • 300

  • 575

  • 0

Explanation

Question 44 of 171

1

the suppression of a riot in Bezdna, Kazan in 1861, by the military left 70 peasants dead, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 45 of 171

1

when did the consequent military reforms to the emancipation of 1861 take place?

Select one of the following:

  • 1876-78

  • 1874-75

  • 1862-63

Explanation

Question 46 of 171

1

after the emancipation the military was left with no conscripts so Dimitri Milyutin began a program of reform to create a smaller more professional army, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 47 of 171

1

military service could no longer be used as a punishment by courts, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 171

1

military colonies were abandoned True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 49 of 171

1

what changes were made to the way conscription in Russia worked?

Select one of the following:

  • all were susceptible to conscription from all classes by the age of 18

  • all classes had top serve for 15 years from the age of 20 6 years active service and 9 in the reserves

  • only nobles could now be conscripted from the age of 20 and train in military colleges

Explanation

Question 50 of 171

1

military punishments were made less severe to help morale in the army, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 51 of 171

1

modern machinery and weaponry were introduced tick what improvements were made...

Select one or more of the following:

  • iron-clad steam ships, strategic railways

  • tanks, iron clad steamships and 100 submarines

Explanation

Question 52 of 171

1

under Dimitri Milyutin 15 new regional command centres were set up

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 53 of 171

1

the cost of the army went down and the literacy rates of the army increased, largely due to military colleges. True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 54 of 171

1

how could nobles undermine the new conscription system?

Select one or more of the following:

  • they could find substitutes in their place while they took the higher ranks so the army remained largely ruled by aristocrats and a peasant force.

  • they completely ignored it facing no consequences

Explanation

Question 55 of 171

1

what war did Russia take a very long time to win

Select one or more of the following:

  • Russo-Turkish war 1877-78 took them a long time to win against the already crippled ottamans which should have been an easy target.

  • Crimean War

Explanation

Question 56 of 171

1

in what years were the consequent educational reforms to the emancipation of 1861 made?

Select one of the following:

  • 1862-1870

  • 1861-1863

  • 1864-1870

  • 1862-1866

Explanation

Question 57 of 171

1

before the emancipation landowners had been in charge of judicial systems and infrastructure but now there was a void that needed filling, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 58 of 171

1

elecetd local councils were introduced in 1863 as a result of a commision that was set up by Alexander and led by Nicholas Milyutin in 1860, what were they called?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Uezd provincial level

  • zemstva provincial level

  • Dumy district level

  • Dumy, cities

  • Uezd district level

Explanation

Question 59 of 171

1

The Zemstva representatives were chosen through ELECTORAL COLLEGES votes were weighted towards the nobles, True or False

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 60 of 171

1

From 1875 conscription was compulsory from the age of 20 for all classes, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 61 of 171

1

After the military reforms of 1975, Iron clad steam ships and strategic railways were built, True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 62 of 171

1

what did the Zmestva control?

Select one of the following:

  • Improvement of public service, e.g. Roads, education, etc.

  • Taxes

  • Redemption payments and allocation of land

Explanation

Question 63 of 171

1

zemstvas were introduced in 1863, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 64 of 171

1

When were Zemstvas introduced in cities as Dumas?

Select one of the following:

  • 1870

  • 1863

  • 1881

  • 1866

Explanation

Question 65 of 171

1

Why were Liberals disappointed with the local government reforms of 1864-70?

Select one of the following:

  • Didn't account for a national constitution or a full assembly.

  • Didnt increase wages of those in the Zemstva

Explanation

Question 66 of 171

1

True or False: Zemstvas were very effective as they were made up of people who knew the area particularly in the area of education and welfare...

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 67 of 171

1

True or False: since the Zemstva were full of liberal minded people like doctors and lawyers, they provided a forum of debate and criticism of the regime...

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 68 of 171

1

what did the electoral college system mean that the Zemstva was...

Select one of the following:

  • Not truly a representative peoples assembly as it was heavily biased towards the higher classes i.e. Landowners and nobles

  • really bad

Explanation

Question 69 of 171

1

True or False the Zemstvas powers were limited, they had no control over taxes and provincial governors selected by the Tsar were responsible for judiciary and could overturn decisions of the Zemstva.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 70 of 171

1

by 1914 how many of the 70 districts of Russia had a Zemstva?

Select one of the following:

  • 43/70

  • 60/70

  • 36/70

Explanation

Question 71 of 171

1

3 years after the Emancipation Edict in 1864 who made the judicial reforms?

Select one of the following:

  • Dmitrtii Zamyatnin

  • Pobedonostev

  • Perischevich

Explanation

Question 72 of 171

1

True or False: the old judiciary system demanded a complete overhaul especially concerning property law after the emancipation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 73 of 171

1

after the emancipation landowners wanted legal protection from any backlash they may get from the freed serfs.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 74 of 171

1

before the emancipation serfs had little of any legal civil rights, they were presumed guilty unless proven innocent

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 75 of 171

1

the old system was heavily critised by the intelligentsia as there were no provisions for defence for the peasants

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 76 of 171

1

after 3 years of considerartion Dmitrii Zamyatnin introduced a new legal system modelled on the west

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 77 of 171

1

in Dmitrii Zamyatnin's new judical reforms what new legislation was introduced? ( Tick all of the applicable boxes)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Equality before the law was established

  • cases at district level were to be heard before barristers and a jury composed of land-owners randomly selected by the zemstva

  • proceedings would be open to the public and conducted orally ( as opposed to in written form)

  • the accused could now employ defence

  • judges were to be appointed by the Tsar and were given better training and pay to negate corruption

  • there was now a system of appeal

  • local courts with magistrates appointed by the zemstva handled smaller petty crime and could not give out a sentence of more than one years imprisonment- these were independent of political control.

  • volost courts were established to deal with those leaving serfdom they were overseen by peasants elected by peasants and could give out reprimands, fines of up to 300 roubles and prison sentences from 3 months to a year

  • Freedom of press was extended to legal publishing, it was to be recorded in a state newspaper called the 'Russian Courier"

Explanation

Question 78 of 171

1

opening up the courts to the public mean that lawyers could become celebrities and some used this opportunity to criticise the regime, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 79 of 171

1

tick a correct example of Lawyers critisising the regime

Select one of the following:

  • 1878 Vera Zasulich who was acquitted of terrorism by a sympathetic jury after shooting the governor of St. Petersburg

  • the case of Pobedonostev

Explanation

Question 80 of 171

1

True or False after the case of Vera Zasulichall political crimes would now be dealt with by a special procedure and revolutionaries were arrested and dealt with by the Third Section

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 81 of 171

1

True or False, Military courts were excluded from the reforms , and in some regions trail by jury wasn't established.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 82 of 171

1

who was the minister of education in the years 1862 -1867?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Alexander Golovnin

  • Prince Lvov

  • Romanov

Explanation

Question 83 of 171

1

in what years did the education reforms take place?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1863 - 64

  • 1865 -67

Explanation

Question 84 of 171

1

there was a need to create an educated Russian class that wasn't run by the conservative Russian Orthodox church which had previously been responsible for education, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 85 of 171

1

emancipation meant that peasnat bedly needed some education so that they could manage their ownland with basic literacy and numeracy.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 86 of 171

1

the regime was suspicious of mass education, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 87 of 171

1

The Zemstva provided an opportunity for change within the educational system, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 88 of 171

1

1862- 67 Alexander Golovnin managed to push through some reforms but was later replaced with the more conservative tolstoy

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 89 of 171

1

in what year were universities given the opportunity to govern themselves and appoint their own staff, under approval of the ministry of education?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1863

  • 1864

  • 1867

Explanation

Question 90 of 171

1

in what year was the responsibilty of education transferred from the Orthodox church to the Zemstva

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1864

  • 1867

  • 1863

Explanation

Question 91 of 171

1

In Alexander Golovnin's education reforms extended primary and secondary education he also intrdouced modern schools fo those who didn't want a classiclal education and both of these offered university opportunities

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 92 of 171

1

In Alexander Golovnin's educational reforms schools wre made open and equal to all

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 93 of 171

1

how did the amount of schools rise from 1856-1880

Select one of the following:

  • 1856 primary schools 8000 and in 1880 there were 23000 primary schools and number of children in education went from 400,000 to over 1 million

  • 1856 7000 primary schools and in 1880 20,000 primarys chools and number of children in education had risen form 387,000 to over 2 million

Explanation

Question 94 of 171

1

the curriculum remained conservative

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 95 of 171

1

when did the censorship reforms take place?

Select one of the following:

  • 1858- 1870

  • 1861 - 70

  • 1863-70

Explanation

Question 96 of 171

1

Under Nicholas I censorship had been extensive, True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 97 of 171

1

in what year was censorship placed under the responsibility of the ministry of internal affairs?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1863

  • 1862

  • 1861

  • 1865

Explanation

Question 98 of 171

1

in what year did the press and book publishers receive guidelines which reduced restrictions of the press?

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1865

  • 1864

  • 1867

Explanation

Question 99 of 171

1

foreign publications could now be sold in Russia after the new rules of censorship were passed in 1865 ( with the approval of the state)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 100 of 171

1

The new courts system provided a fairer way in which to challenge censorship

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 101 of 171

1

in what year were editorials allowed to comment on the government and its policies?

Select one of the following:

  • 1865

  • 1867

Explanation

Question 102 of 171

1

the new censorship laws led to growth in critical writing's such as Chernevsky's " What is to be done?"

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 103 of 171

1

what years did the new economic reforms take place under Mikhail Von Reutern ( Minister of finance 1862 -78 )

Select one of the following:

  • 1862 - 78

  • 1864-76

Explanation

Question 104 of 171

1

tick all the improvements that Mikhail Von Reutern made to the Economy in Russia...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Treasury was reformed to streamline government expenditure

  • Tax farming was abolished

  • State bank established in 1860, municipal 1862, savings 1869

  • Trade policies were reformed to be more liberal

  • The government offred to subsidise entrepreneurs to develop railways

  • Foreign investment in Russia was encouraged

  • The cotton and coal industries were encouraged ( taking advantage if the American Civil War 1861 -65)

  • Other reforms worked in tandem to create a period of growth

  • Comparatively Russias economy had remained weak

Explanation

Question 105 of 171

1

in the years 1860-78 how much of the Governments income was composed of indirect taxation of peasants

Select one of the following:

  • 66%

  • 50%

  • 49%

Explanation

Question 106 of 171

1

in the years 1860 - 78 how much of the governement's total expenditure was spent on debt?

Select one of the following:

  • 1/3

  • 1/2

  • 1/4

Explanation

Question 107 of 171

1

during the years 1860 -78 the rouble fluctuated widely

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 108 of 171

1

the slow speed of railway construction undermined trade

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 109 of 171

1

In what years did the reforms to churches take place?

Select one of the following:

  • 1867-69

  • 1869-72

Explanation

Question 110 of 171

1

what was another name for the new church reforms?

Select one of the following:

  • Opium of the masses

  • destruction of the Orthodox church

Explanation

Question 111 of 171

1

it was feared that if the church fell in to disrepute it would weaken the regime

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 112 of 171

1

an Ecclasiastical commission set up in 1862 which was responsible for all church reforms

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 113 of 171

1

in what year did the church allow talented priests to gain promotion?

Select one of the following:

  • 1862

  • 1868

Explanation

Question 114 of 171

1

The church reforms did little else than the previous, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 115 of 171

1

in 1868 restrictions on national minorities from the beggining of A2's reign the Finns were allowed a national Diet, and catholicism was more accepted even jews had some relaxation in their restrictions, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 116 of 171

1

most off the relaxation toward minorities was reversed in 1863, True or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 117 of 171

1

one of the main reasons for reform was the failure of Russia in the Crimean War

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 118 of 171

1

what years was the Crimean war in ?

Select one of the following:

  • 1853- 56

  • 1854-55

Explanation

Question 119 of 171

1

Russia faced a humiliating defeat to who in Balaclava in October 1854

Select one of the following:

  • Britain

  • France

  • Britain, France, Turkey

  • Britain, France, Turkey and Peidmont- Sardinia

Explanation

Question 120 of 171

1

select the two other failures that took place 1854 -55

Select one or more of the following:

  • Inkerman, November 1854

  • Inkerman, November 1855

  • Sebastapol 1855

  • Sebastapol 1854

Explanation

Question 121 of 171

1

which treaty ended the Crimean War?

Select one of the following:

  • Treaty of Versailles 1918 - 1919

  • Pourtsmouth Treaty August 23rd 1905

  • Treaty of Paris 1856

  • Treaty of Laussanne

Explanation

Question 122 of 171

1

what were the terms of the Treat of Paris 1856 that affected Russia?

Select one or more of the following:

  • limited Russian influence in the Black Sea and restricted deployment of Russian warships into the sea

  • Russia had to destroy its fleet and only use ports for peaceful trade i.e. no weaponry.

Explanation

Question 123 of 171

1

Russia was shown up as a " great power" True or False ( in the Crimean War)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 124 of 171

1

Russia's serf conscript army was outdated and had inferior weaponry as its industry was incapable of keeping up with the demands of War select a correct fact about how limited the weaponry was

Select one or more of the following:

  • 1 musket to every 2 soldiers

  • 2/3 of Russia Soldiers in some battalions died before they even reached the frontlines

  • 1 shell per person per day

Explanation

Question 125 of 171

1

Who put forward the idea of a new smaller more profesional army in 1874?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Dmitrii Milyutin

  • Dmitrii Zamyatnin

Explanation

Question 126 of 171

1

Alexander II himself was one of the main reasons for reform in Russia between 1855 -1881 True or False

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 127 of 171

1

A2 had travelled widely as a youth and had academically studied the effects of serfdom

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 128 of 171

1

for how many years had he served on the council of state before becoming Tsar

Select one of the following:

  • 5

  • 10

  • 11

  • 15

Explanation

Question 129 of 171

1

A2 frequently took the place of his father as Tsar when he wasn't present so had a lot of previous experience

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 130 of 171

1

Alexander II was committed to Autocracy , but saw the need for change to do what?

Select one of the following:

  • Make life for the serfs better and more liberal like in the west

  • the political system of Russia so that there was full suffrage

  • in order to increase and maintain Russia prestige and status as a great world power

Explanation

Question 131 of 171

1

Tsar Alenader II was surrounded by Liberal Westinsers Tick all of them that were in his court at any one time within hi reign...

Select one or more of the following:

  • G.D. Constantine

  • Trotsky

  • Chernevsky

  • Lenin

  • Tolstoy

  • Prince Lvov

  • G.Ds Pavlovna

  • Milyutin Bothers ( ministers of internal affairs and military)

Explanation

Question 132 of 171

1

when Alexander II came to power he released some prisoners pardoned the Decemberists, relaxed censorship laws, and restored some liberties of Poland and the Catholic Church, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 133 of 171

1

The Crimean War 1853 -56 had shown the economic backwardness of Russia and the need for economic reform, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 134 of 171

1

Serfdom was a problem for industry for several reasons... Tick the boxes with the correct reasons

Select one or more of the following:

  • Prevented the movement of workers to cities

  • It limited the development of modern farming techniques which would allow for greater surplus' reduce famine i.e. The Great Famine 1891 etc. However, this was often stopped by the conservative Mir.

  • Areas with free labour like Siberia were more productive

  • Serfdom was creating debt INFO: nobles were being forced to mortgage land in order to maintain their lifestyle in the face on insufficient production FACT: by 1859, 66% of privately owned serfs had been mortgaged as nobles' loans from the state bank

  • peasants were unable to pay their tithes FACT: 1855 the government was 54Million Roubles in debt!!!

  • They were smelly

  • They were always grumpy so no one wanted to visit Russia and invest

Explanation

Question 135 of 171

1

The emerging Intelligentsia of the middle class argued for liberalisation meaning there was substantial need for political and moral reform but only to benefit the state overall, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 136 of 171

1

the social stability of the countryside threatened by pushing of serfs and the military conscription of the Crimean War 1853 - 56 how many peasant uprisings were there in the decade up to the War?

Select one of the following:

  • 200

  • 300

  • 400

  • 10

Explanation

Question 137 of 171

1

particular groups such as the Nihlists e.g. Herzen and Turgenev argued that the possesion of people like cattle was inherently wrong and these groups put pressure on the regime for more liberal treatment of the serfs

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 138 of 171

1

the reaction of the ex- serfs ( now to be called peasants ) was of disgruntled acceptance

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 139 of 171

1

Many peasant were untouched by the reforms and many simply bypassed institutions and dealt with problems independently

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 140 of 171

1

Serfs wre generally conservative and showed polite acceptance of the regime and the possible gains of regime wre outweighd by possible punishment

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 141 of 171

1

There were some uprisings after the emancipation edict of 1861 fell short of expectations most notable pf these is in Bezdna, Kazan where 70 were shot dead by the military.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 142 of 171

1

reform had weakend the position of the nobility however they were compensated with Government bnds for their loss of land which allowed them to pay off debt and invest in railway or industrial efforts. Also they wre compensated with ositions of power in 1863 when the prvincial government or Zemstva was set up, they also maintained the higher ranks in military battalions and electorl college highly favoured them over the peasants.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 143 of 171

1

The Liberals and Intellegentsia had demand for further change as the 1863 set up of the Zemstva and the 1870 Extention of them inot cities as Dumy wasnt ebough they wanted a full national assembly. Some became anarchsists and nihlists going on to found the populist movement and others became liberals choosing to work within the Zemstva to spread ideas for change.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 144 of 171

1

There was much opposition towards the regime and the intelligentsia were split into two overall groups which were?...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Nihlists

  • Anarchists

  • Westinisers

  • Slavophiles

Explanation

Question 145 of 171

1

The populists were slavophiles, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 146 of 171

1

The populists followed the idea of writers like Herzen and Chernevsky " what is to be done"

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 147 of 171

1

Their main technique was to go to the people and get peasants to take up the idea of revolution they launched this firstly in 1870, True or False?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 148 of 171

1

During the first Go To The People movement in 1870 thousands of middle class descended upon peasant communes to encourage revolution

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 149 of 171

1

The first Go To The People movement in 1870 was in two waves the first middle class dressed as peasants trying to gian theor trust and in the second they posed as doctors or teachers

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 150 of 171

1

The first Go To The People movement in 1870 Comprehensivley failed in every possible way and the peasants even handed some of the Populists in FACT: 1876 1600 populists arrested800 of which were put on trail

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 151 of 171

1

There were two main public trails of the populists tick the correct answers

Select one or more of the following:

  • The Trail of the Fifty 1877

  • The Trail of the Fifty Nine 1877

  • The Trail of the 193, 1877 - 78

Explanation

Question 152 of 171

1

The liberalisation of the press due to the lessening of censorship in 865 that allowed for court trails to be publised in the " Russia Courier" these trails just spread populist messages and in the trail of the 193, 153 were acquitted and the rest got mild sentences as the defendandts were allowed to make impassioned speeches

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 153 of 171

1

Overall, Populism was a failure

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 154 of 171

1

Land and Liberty were Slavophiles

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 155 of 171

1

The Land and Liberty group is made up of some of the Populists and they re-grouped in 1877

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 156 of 171

1

The populists thet regrouped into Land and Liberty in 1877 realised they had to target the regime instead of the peasantry

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 157 of 171

1

Land and Liberty assassinated several prominent Governement officials one of them being General Mezemstev, ( Head of the Third Section ) in 1878 they also sentenced the Tsar to death un-officially

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 158 of 171

1

Eventually the Land and Liberty Movement split into what two groups in 1879

Select one or more of the following:

  • Bolshevicks

  • Menshevicks

  • The Black Partition

  • The People's Will

Explanation

Question 159 of 171

1

What was the Black Partiotion's aim?

Select one of the following:

  • to redistribute all money evenly across all classes

  • to end the conscription o peasants to the army

  • To re- distribute land amongst peasants , with particular focus on the black soil areas of Russia

Explanation

Question 160 of 171

1

The Black Partion worked peacefully spreading propaganda and creating ties with workers and students

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 161 of 171

1

It was led by Plekhanov , it fell after arrests in 1880-81 and collapsed as a group

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 162 of 171

1

The People's Will was led by Mikhailov

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 163 of 171

1

The Peoples Will subverted the government via assassinations and successfully assassinated the Tsar outside the Winter palace on March 13th 1881

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 164 of 171

1

In what year did The People's Will declare that the Tsar had to die?

Select one of the following:

  • 1879

  • 1878

Explanation

Question 165 of 171

1

What sub- group do the liberals fall under

Select one of the following:

  • Slavophiles

  • Westinisers

Explanation

Question 166 of 171

1

Liberals wanted reform rather than the complete abolishment of the Tsarist regime

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 167 of 171

1

The Liberals wanted a representative government, Civil liberties and a constitution

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 168 of 171

1

The Midlle classes were too small to warrant any true political parties , but groups of liberals operated from inside the dumy and Zemstva

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 169 of 171

1

Most liberals were peasants

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 170 of 171

1

Most liberals were gentry or professionals some of which were even present in the Tsar's court e.g. G.D. Constantine, The Tsarina and the Tsar's Mistress

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 171 of 171

1

Thanks to censorship reforms of 1863 allowingthe publication of foreing writings in Russia, Liberal literature became widely availible which encouraged the nihlist and anarchist movements

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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